UTILIZATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN AN OHIO RIVER SPILLS DETECTION SYSTEM

1997 ◽  
Vol 1997 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. McSayles ◽  
Isabel E. Caputa ◽  
Peter A. Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Detection System ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT The Organics Detection System (ODS) is a spill detection network cooperatively operated by the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO), 11 water utilities, and 3 industries at strategic locations along the Ohio, Allegheny, Monongahela, and Kanawha rivers. The ODS uses purge and trap gas chromatography to analyze for 20 volatile organic compounds (US EPA, 1986). Since its inception in 1977, the network has undergone several advancements in its ability to monitor, analyze, and detect volatile organic compounds in the Ohio River. The present instrumentation used in the network was purchased from 1986 through 1990. The network's capabilities have progressed to the monitoring of raw intake water 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and processing raw data with computers. The most noticeable advance has been in the use of computers to manipulate chromatograms, generate final reports, and transfer information. Additionally, computers and modems have enhanced communication between ORSANCO and ODS locations by accelerating the dissemination of information to downstream water users, allowing the observation of chromatograms and general troubleshooting. New technology under consideration includes the ability to remotely control a gas Chromatograph, incorporate automated check samples, and control alarm settings and the notification of such alarms. The ideal system would run independently until one of two conditions occurred—a compound exceeded the alarm threshold, or there was an instrument malfunction.

Study on Determination Method of the Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions from Particleboards for Indoor Finishing

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 935-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Jing Sun ◽  
Jun Shen ◽  
Zhong Yuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Simple Operation ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Static Head ◽  
And Control ◽  
Larix Gmelini

In order to comprehensive understand and control volatile organic compounds (VOCs) release from particleboards, this paper takes Larix gmelini particleboard as example and analyzes VOCs by three different methods. First of all, VOCs of Larix gmelini particles were detected by the static head space solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) technique. Secondly Larix gmelini particleboards were analyzed using the method of adsorbed by activated carbon, desorpted with methylene dichloride and measured by GC/MS. Finally, Tenax-T Thermal desorption -GC/MS was used to qualitative VOCs emissions. The best method for determination VOCs from particleboards was found. SPME is a simple operation method with short time. But the pretreatment of sample was troublesome and it is not easily measured for lower concentration particleboards. Active carbon absorption method is not suitable for quantitative because of much error in extraction. It is suitable for qualitative analysis. Tenax-T is a simple operation way with short analysis time and good shape of chromatographic. It is a convenient and practical method. Further study of VOCs emission of panels can be supported by this method.

Design of a Gas Sensor for Hydrazines Based on Photo-Ionization Principle

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 2050-2054
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Qiu Lin Tan ◽  
Chen Yang Xue ◽  
Ji Jun Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Functional Block Diagram ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Photo Ionization

Based on the photo ionization principle, a gas sensor for the hydrazine is designed. The photo ionization gas sensor can also measure other volatile organic compounds and other gases in concentrations from sub parts per billion to 10000 parts per million (ppm). This gas sensor is the most efficient and inexpensive type of gas sensor. They are capable of giving real-time readings and monitoring continuously. The design of micro ionization chamber, signal detection circuits and installation technology is expatiated in detail. Through researching the design of cell structure, the cell with integration and miniaturization has been devised. By taking Single-Chip Microcomputer (SCM) as intelligence handling, the functional block diagram of gas detection system is designed with the analyzing and devising of its hardware and software system. Experiment results show that the gas sensor has reached the technology requirement of portable, mini-volume, high accuracy, fast response, continuous test, and is able to apply in detecting the organic gases. Therefore, the photo ionization sensor has a promising future for the hydrazines gas and volatile organic compounds detection.

scholarly journals Formation and Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from Homo-PP and Co-PP Resins during Manufacturing Process and Accelerated Photoaging Degradation

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Kang ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Yan Jin ◽  
Shengpeng Shi ◽  
Dali Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Alkoxy Radical ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Hydrogen Flame ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detector ◽  
Random Scission

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from polypropylene (PP) seriously restricts the application of PP in an automotive field. Herein, the traceability of VOCs from PP resins during manufacturing process and accelerated photoaging degradation was clarified on basis of an accurate characterization method of key VOCs. The influence of PP structures on changing the accelerated photoaging degradation on the VOCs was systematic. The VOCs were identified by means of Gas chromatography (GC) coupled with both a hydrogen flame ion detector (FID) and a mass spectrometry detector (MSD). Results showed that both the molecular structure of PP and the manufacturing process affected the species and contents of VOCs. In addition, the photoaging degradation of PP resulted in a large number of new emerged volatile carbonyl compounds. Our work proposed a possible VOC formation mechanism during the manufacturing and photoaging process. VOCs from PP resins were originated from oligomers and chain random scission during thermomechanical degradation. However, β scission of alkoxy radical and Norrish tape I reactions of ketones via intermediate transition were probably the main VOCs formation routes towards PP during photoaging degradation. This work could provide scientific knowledge on both the accurate traceability of VOCs emissions and new technology for development of low-VOCs PP composites for vehicle.

Biofiltration of Volatile Organic Compounds by a Fluidized Bed of Sawdust

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Delebarre ◽  
Yves Andres ◽  
Mario Pellerano ◽  
Patrizia Pero ◽  
David Gerardo Garcia Munzer
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Material Characteristics ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
And Control

In this study, the use of a natural material, sawdust, in a fluidised biofiltrer has been considered. The performance of the biofiltration of ethanol and toluene was estimated in the presence of the native microorganisms of the material and also after the addition, and a period of acclimatization, of external microorganisms. Modifications of the physical and biological characteristics of the material were studied in order to better understand the process. The influence of biofilter shutdown periods was also considered to evaluate the effect of a period of inactivity on subsequent performances.This study shows that a significant degradation of the pollutants is obtainable provided that the following steps are performed: seeding with activated sludge, introduction of nutrients, and control of the changes in the material characteristics and the bed moisture.During the operation of the fluidized bed biofilter, the moisture of the bed had an important effect on the biofilter performance, but was rather difficult to control because of its dependence on the ambient and inlet air temperatures, which changed during the day and the seasons. During the tests with the batch of sawdust particles used as delivered without any sludge enrichment, a reduction in abatement performances was measured with time. In the case of ethanol alone, for a concentration of 0.02 g.m-3, abatement decreased from 24% to 18% then to 7%. The partial or complete addition of sawdust particles previously activated with sludge significantly enhanced the performance of the biofilter, both for ethanol and toluene pollution. Abatements of ethanol of 85% and 60% were achieved when the sawdust particles were activated by sludge. In contrast, a 5-week shutdown of the reactor produced a decrease in abatement, either by a loss of microorganism efficiency during their "starvation" or by their destruction.

Emission Inventory of Volatile Organic Compounds from Field Burning of Crop Residues in Hubei Province, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1280-1284
Author(s):  
Bi Jie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
And Control

Crop residues combustion is an important anthropogenic sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in China.Emissions of VOCs from crop residues combustion significantly affect climate forcing and human health. A reliable estimation of VOCs emission from the source is the important prerequisite for emission impact assessment and control strategy in the urban or regional areas. VOCs emissions from crop residues combustion in Hubei Province, China and the districts were estimated by factor analysis method, which was based on the yield of major farm crops in the period of 2010. Moreover, Cultivated-land emission intensity (Ic) and Regional emission intensity (Ir) were also calculated. VOCs Emissions from crop residues combustion in Hubei Province were about 80, 000 t in 2010; Ic and Ir were 2.431 t•km-2 and 0.434 t•km-2 respectively; Huanggang, Jingzhou, Xiangyang, Jingmen and Xiaogan had the top five of VOCs Emissions from crop residues combustion. Ic and Ir of Qianjiang, Xiaotao and Ezhou were all more than the average; Ic of Suizhou and Ir of Tianmen were also above the average. 10 city mentioned above should be draw attention as the priority control area. Furthermore, crop residues utilization according to agricultural cyclic economy is a feasible way to cope with the environmental problem of biomass combustion.

scholarly journals Perspectives for Diagnosis and Control of Leishmaniasis Based on Volatile Organic Compounds

10.5772/57279 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jailson Bittencourt de Andrade ◽  
Jairo Torres Magalhes Junior ◽  
Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Mesquita ◽  
Fbio Santos ◽  
Frederico de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
And Control
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