scholarly journals The Impact of Groundwater Irrigation Development on Cropping Intensity and Crop Productivity in Krishnagiri District

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
M. Arvind Kumar ◽  
K. R. Ashok ◽  
M. Prahadeeswaran ◽  
R. Vasanthi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Irrigation Development ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sown Area

Aims: The study is done with the objective of assessing the impact of groundwater irrigation development on cropping intensity and crop productivity in Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India. Study Design: Purposive random sampling Place and Duration of Study: Krishnagiri district, Tamil Nadu, India during 2019-20. Methodology: The data on irrigation sources and area under various irrigation sources in Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu and India is subjected to growth analysis using trend studies and CAGR (Compound Annual Growth rate) to study the ground water irrigation development. Whereas, regression analysis was done with the primary data collected from 120 farming households in Krishnagiri on agricultural land use and irrigation to study the impact of groundwater irrigation on cropping intensity and crop productivity. Results: As the net tube wells and other well irrigated area to net sown area (GWA) increases, there has been a corresponding increase in cropping intensity and crop productivity. The rise in percent of net tank and canal irrigated area to net sown area and percent of fertilizer applied area to net sown area have also increased cropping intensity and crop productivity whereas the increase in percent of net rainfed area to net sown area have decreased the cropping intensity and crop productivity. Conclusion: The ground water utilization through tube well construction have increased the cropping intensity and crop productivity.

The impact of diversification of a rice–wheat cropping system on crop productivity and soil fertility

2002 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. SINGH ◽  
B. B. SHARMA ◽  
B. S. DWIVEDI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
The Impact

Field experiments were conducted at the Crop Research Centre of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during 1996/97 and 1997/98. Each experiment comprised 10 crop sequences: (a) wheat–rice, (b) chickpea–rice, (c) lentil–rice, (d) pea–rice, (e) wheat–mungbean green manure–rice, (f) wheat–Sesbania green manure–rice, (g) wheat–fodder–rice, (h) chickpea–fodder–rice, (i) lentil–fodder–rice and (j) pea–fodder–rice, in a randomized block design with four replications. The crop sequences were compared in terms of economic rice equivalent yield (REY), protein production, apparent nutrient balances and effect on soil fertility status. Amongst crop sequences involving two crops each year (200% cropping intensity), chickpea–rice gave highest REY and protein production. Of the sequences involving three crops each year (300% cropping intensity), chickpea–fodder–rice and wheat–fodder–rice were superior to others. The P balances were positive for all sequences, whereas K balances were generally negative except for sequences involving green manure legumes. Green manuring with Sesbania or mungbean helped restore soil fertility, indicating the advantage of green manure for higher productivity and sustainability of rice–wheat system. Chickpea–rice and chickpea–fodder–rice appeared promising alternatives to rice–wheat crop sequence.

WATER REQUIREMENTS, AVAILABILITY AND DEVELOPMENT RESTRAINTS FOR INCREASED CROP PRODUCTIVITY IN CANADA

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
MARTIN OOSTERVELD ◽  
WALTER NICHOLAICHUK
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Specialty Crops ◽  
Irrigation Development ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Water Diversions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

When crop productivity is restricted because of the availability of water, the amount of water required to remove the limitation is known as the soil water deficit. Most regions of Canada have a water deficit even though annual precipitation may appear more than sufficient for maximum needs. Soils have insufficient storage capacity to take crops through extended periods without rain. All crops will suffer from a water deficit, but the impact on yield varies among species and the timing of the stress. Similarly, supplemental irrigation to eliminate the deficit results in varying yield response, depending on the severity and timing of stress. The greatest potential response from irrigation occurs in the southern Prairies and the interior valley in British Columbia. Productivity per unit area can be increased at least 400%. The long-term limitation to development on the prairies is a regional water shortage, which can only be overcome by huge investments in water diversions from north-flowing rivers. Irrigation development in Ontario is presently economically attractive and water sources can be developed locally. It is expected that geometric growth in irrigation development will take place, particularly if several dry years occur in succession. In the most humid portions of Canada, encompassing the five eastern provinces, irrigation development is likely to be limited to small areas of fruit and specialty crops where a small increase in yield justifies the cost of irrigation equipment.Key words: Irrigation, crop productivity, water deficit, water resources, development limitations

A Case Study on “Assessment of Groundwater Quality in and Around Namakkal District in Tamil Nadu”

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 662-667
Author(s):  
Tamilchelvan P ◽  
Muralimohan N
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Ground Water Pollution ◽  
The Impact

This case study paper reviews ground water pollution to agriculture soil due to the natural shale value of heavy metals in soil system. Thus, untreated industrial effluents can cause an environmental threat to ground water resources and affects soil quality and agricultural plant productivity. To achieve unpolluted wastewater discharge into receiving water bodies, careful planning, adequate and suitable treatment, regular monitoring and appropriate legislations are necessary. Parameters that may be tested include temperature, pH, turbidity, salinity, nitrates, TDS, Captions, Anions and phosphates. Rapid Increase in population, Construction of residential complexes and wide spread Industrialization in Namakkal Town has drastically reduced the land area for wastewater disposal Groundwater pollution occurs when untreated or partially treated Industrial waste water are discharged on to the land or used for Irrigation, enabling the waste to migrate down the water table through soil. Rapid industrialization and use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture are causing deterioration of water quality and depletion of aquatic biota. This aim of the case study was to assess the quality of the ground water and the impacts of the Municipal wastewater. This study will be very helpful to under-stand the impact/evaluation of the rate of dumping of effluent water in ground water and impact on the quality of water in terms of irrigation and the impacts onto the environment. 

scholarly journals Spatial Variation in the Level of Agricultural Development in Districts of Western Development Region, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Bhola Nath Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Western Development ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Agriculture Development ◽  
Sown Area

In the present paper an attempt has been made to assess the spatial variation in the level of agriculture development in the Western Development Region of Nepal. Nine variables are used in determining the level of agricultural development. Those are net sown area, cropping intensity, crops productivity, irrigated area, use of High Yield Variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizer (NPK) consumption, agricultural implements, agricultural labours and support from commercial and development banks. Besides, districts are classified as their respective categories viz. high, medium and low on the basis of scores (like mean and SD) of these variables. These analyses have been carried out by transforming and combining the data related to nine variables, using ‘Z’ score to get the composite ‘Z’ score. On the basis of composite score, developments of districts have been again categorized into three categories i.e. high, medium and low. On an aggregate four districts range their composite Z-score value above 0.1, are highly developed districts, six districts fall under medium category (value ranged from -0.25 to 0.1) and remaining six districts lie under low category having their composite Z-score below -0.25. The Third Pole: Journal of GeographyVol. 17: 59-72, 2017

scholarly journals Impact of Irrigation on India’s Dairy Economy

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Abhishek Rajan ◽  
Tushaar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Production System ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Milk Output ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the impact of irrigation on India’s mixed crop-based dairy production system. It uses a four-equation recursive regression model to outline the impact of water applied under different modes (groundwater irrigation, surface water irrigation, and rainfall) on the bovine herd efficiency and dairy output. The results of the model show that rain-fed areas account for 47% of the total value of milk output, whereas area under groundwater irrigation and surface water irrigation account for 38% and 15%, respectively. Of all the different irrigation modes, groundwater irrigated areas have the most efficient bovine herd for milk production. The addition of one hectare of groundwater in an irrigated area adds around Indian Rupees (INR) 20,000 (~US $448) to the gross value of milk output of a district, which is twice the addition of one hectare of surface water in an irrigated area and five times the addition of one hectare of rainfed area. Based on the results of the model, the paper suggests that expanding well irrigation in the groundwater-abundant eastern and central tribal belt of India can yield a positive impact on milk production.

scholarly journals The Impact of Noyyal River Basin on the Quality of Ground Water in Tiruppur District - A Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.35) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
K. Ravichandran ◽  
Dr. R. Sundararajan ◽  
Dr. N. Balasundaram ◽  
Dr. T. Senthil Vadivel
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Visual Modflow ◽  
The Past ◽  
Water Board ◽  
Liquid Discharge ◽  
The Impact

The textile dyeing units operating in Tiruppur have provided Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) plants and the system has been in operation for the past ten years. Data on the quality of ground and surface water available with various government agencies such as Public Works Department, Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board and Central Ground Water Board for the past ten years were collected for the study. Visual MODFLOW, a mathematical Model was used as a tool in the study for analysing the migration of contaminants in the ground water. The parameter, Total Dissolved solids (TDS) was used to represent the contamination level in the ground water. The study area, covering the cluster of industries upstream and downstream of Tiruppur Corporation was selected, and using the data for the period from 2008 to 2017, the Model was validated. The validated Model was used to make prediction of ground water quality for the next ten years under different scenario.  

scholarly journals Net Gains from Conjunctive Use of Surface and Ground Water

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (4II) ◽  
pp. 823-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar A. Jehangir ◽  
Hugh Turral ◽  
Shahbaz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Conjunctive Water Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Subdivision Level

Pakistan is fortunate enough because its soils, topography and climate are generally suitable for farming but its agriculture sector faces the problem of scarcity of the irrigation water. This paucity of irrigation supplies has forced the farmers to use the ground water to augment their surface supplies. The quality of ground water in Pakistan varies from fit for irrigation to moderately saline to sodic. Thus the tubewell owners in the marginal quality ground water areas are bound to use the tubewell water in conjunction with the surface water on their farms. Currently the farmers are using about 65.75 BCM of ground water in Pakistan [Halcrow (2002)]. The international literature is filled with the studies on conjunctive water management and its impact on crop productivity and related issues [Gangwar and Toorn (1987); Bredehoeft and Young (1983); Gorelick (1988); Lingen (1988); O’Mara (1988); Shah (1988); Brewer and Sharma (2000); Datta and Dayal (2000); Raju and Brewer (2000); Sakhtivadivel and Chawala (2002) and Chaudhary and Shah (2003)]. In Pakistan, the review of literature shows that all of the previous studies conducted in the arena of water management reported the management problems leading to the inefficiencies in irrigation application and reduction in crop productivity, [Kijne and Velde (1991); Mustafa (1991) and Siddiq (1994)]. Few of the studies took into consideration the impact of waterlogging and salinity on productivity at farm level [Meyer, et al. (1996); Prathaper, et al. (1997) and O’Connell and Khan (1999)]. None of these studies have taken into consideration the trade-offs between gross farm income, ground water and salinity at irrigation subdivision level.

Irrigation investment in China: trends, correlates and impacts

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei He ◽  
Yaojiang Shi ◽  
Renfu Luo ◽  
Linxiu Zhang ◽  
Natalie Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sown Area

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe trends in irrigation investment in China’s rural villages in the 2000s, identify the types of villages in which investment occurred and examine whether this investment had an impact on agricultural land. Design/methodology/approach – This study makes use of longitudinal survey data from a nearly nationally representative sample of 101 villages spread across five provinces. The outcome variables are cultivated area, sown area and effectively irrigated area, and ordinary least squares regression and fixed effects models are used for the analysis. Findings – In spite of sustained investments into irrigation from 1998 to 2011, there has been almost no impact on agricultural land. Cultivated area and sown area have fallen across all five sample provinces while effectively irrigated area remains largely unchanged. The authors also show that there is no relationship between investment into irrigation and agricultural land. Irrigation facilities also have the lowest rate of rural resident satisfaction of any of the major public services provided. Research limitations/implications – More research is needed to understand the impact of irrigation investment on crop yields and water savings. Practical implications – Policymakers may need to rethink the current pattern of investment into irrigation. Originality/value – This is the first study to quantitatively model the impact of investment into irrigation at the village level all over China.

A Study on Employee Attitude towards Organizational Change and the impact of Change Management on Organization Commitment

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-169
Author(s):  
Dheera.V. R ◽  
Jayasree Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Change Management ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Organization Change ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Positive Approach ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Organization Commitment ◽  
The Impact

Organizations that are aiming to successfully implement change needs the support and acceptance of employees who are their key stakeholder. This study analyses the influence of Employees` attitude towards organization change. The research also aims at evaluating the influence of employees’ attitude towards commitment to organization and job after the introduction of change in the organization. The study was conducted among 300 employees who belonged to executive and managerial category from different star rated hotels in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India which are currently embracing organization changes. The findings indicate that employees of the study demonstrate a positive approach towards the change management in their organization. The observations also project that a positive approach by employees towards changes, is a very good indication for organizations to know that their workforce is committed towards the organizational goals. Hence with the support of change agents, adequate communications and by creating awareness about the need for change will result in sustainable growth in the organizations.

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