scholarly journals Efficiency of Bio-fungicides (Trichoderma spp and Pseudomonas fluorescens) on Seedling Emergence, Vigour and Health of Infected Chilli Seeds (Capsicum annuum) by Colletotrichum capsici

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Y. N. Priya Reddy ◽  
S. S. Jakhar ◽  
O. S. Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Colletotrichum Capsici ◽  
Pot Culture

Damping off and fruit rot caused by Colletotrichum capsici are the major constraints in production and marketability of chilli. Systemic fungicides are commonly used to control this disease. However, continuous use of chemical fungicides leads to negative impact on environment, soil and human health. Therefore, present studies (blotter and pot experiment) were conducted to explore the bio-fungicides (as an alternative to chemical fungicide) in comparison with carbendazim using chilli seeds infected with Colletotrichum capsici. Experiments were conducted at the CCSHAU, Hisar, India during 2016 in completely randomized design with nine treatments replicated three times. Six months old seeds having germination above the Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standard, were infected with Colletotrichum capsici and such infected seeds were treated with Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma viridae, Pseudomonas fluorescens individually and their combinations to control the disease incidence. The infected, un-infected and seed treatment with carbendazim served as controls. Results revealed that the seed germination was significantly higher (94.7%) with Trichoderma viride treatment compared to all other treatments including controls in blotter method. However, the seedling emergence in pot culture was significantly superior with Carbendazim treatment, the seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viridae was on par to that of Carbendazim treatment. The seedling length was significantly superior with Trichoderma viride compared to the carbendazim and other controls both in blotter and pot culture. The seedling dry weight and seedling vigour were significantly higher with carbendazim as compared to the Trichoderma viride treatment or other treatments in both blotter and pot culture. However, the overall seedling vigour obtained with Trichoderma viride was similar to that of carbendazim treatment. The disease incidence was significantly lower with Pseudomonas fluorescens as compared to the Trichoderma viride and carbendazim in blotter method and; T. viride + P. fluorescens treatment was on par to that of carbendazim treatment in pot culture. Therefore, use of Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens individually or in combination are suggested as an alternative to carbendazim to control the Colletotrichum capsici.

Eco-friendly management of wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Ciceri in chickpea

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandar Kala ◽  
S. Gangopadhyay ◽  
S. L. Godara
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Maximum Inhibition

Antagonistic potentiality of Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri under in vivo conditions. The effect of organic amendments viz; farm yard manure, vermicompost and mustard cake on disease control potentiality of test antagonists against chickpea wilt and on population dynamics of the antagonists and pathogen in soil was also studied. Maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of F. o. f. sp. ciceri was recorded in presence of P. fluorescens (%) followed by T. harzianum (%) and T. viride (%). Seed treatment with P. fluorescens was more effective in suppressing the disease incidence as compared to T. harzianum and T. viride. The disease control efficacy and population dynamics of all the three test antagonists was enhanced in response to application of organic amendments. Among the three organic amendments tested, mustard cake was most effective in enhancing the disease control potentiality of these antagonists.

Efficient application of Trichoderma viride on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seed using thin layer polymer coating

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Falah Kuchlan ◽  
M.M.M. Ansari K. Kuchlan ◽  
M. M. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Coating ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Talcum Powder

Soybean crop is very sensitive to change in climate and suffers from vagaries of climate. The productivity thus gets affected in different years due to the influence of climatic condition, incidence of diseases and insects. Trichoderma sp. is considered as a potential biocontrol and growth promoting agents for many crop plants. Trichoderma spp. is generally being applied to the soil and seed as talcum powder form. Though powder formulations may be applied directly to seeds at the rate of 5g/kg seed, the effectiveness of Trichoderma seed treatment is lost due to poor adhesion on the smooth seed coat surface of soybean. Thus, it was targeted to achieve maximum benefit by Trichoderma seed treatment mediated through polymer coating. Two soybean cultivars were treated with Trichoderma viride with different formulation namely Trichoderma culture solution with polymer, Trichoderma culture talc with polymer, Trichoderma culture talc powder dry dressing. Endophytic growth of Trichoderma viride in root, stem and leaf was studied by agar plate method at 27±10C for seven days. The percentage of plants with Trichoderma endophytic growth was 97-100 per cent in plants from seeds treated with Trichoderma with polymer as compared to 37-45 per cent in plants from seeds treated with Trichoderma talc powder dry dressing. Control plants did not show any endophytic growth of Trichoderma. Significant increase in plant height was observed due to endophytic growth of Trichoderma. 24 per cent yield advantage was observed due to Trichoderma culture solution treatment with polymer. Seedling mortality due to collar rot (0.61%) and disease incidence of Myrothecium Leaf Spot, Anthracnose and Rhizoctonia Arial Blight (0.34%) was significantly lower than control (9.8% and 9.169%). Proper application of Trichoderma viride on soybean seed through polymer coating has significant potential to reduce diseases and to improve plant growth and seed yield.

scholarly journals FIELD PERFORMANCE OF BIO-PRIMING FOR PROTECTION OF sh2 SWEET CORN FROM PREEMERGENCE DAMPING-OFF CAUSED BY PYTHIUM ULTIMUM.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1110f-1110
Author(s):  
Nancy W. Callan ◽  
James B. Miller ◽  
Don E. Mathre
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Seed Bacterization

Shrunken-2 supersweet (sh2) sweet corn is susceptible to preemergence damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum, especially when planted into cold soil. Bio-priming, a seed treatment which combines the establishment of a bioprotectant on the seed with preplant seed hydration, was developed to protect seeds from damping-off.In a series of field experiments conducted in Montana's Bitterroot and Gallatin Valleys, bio-priming or seed bacterization with Pseudomonas fluorescens AB254 protected sweet corn from P. ultimum damping-off. Bio-priming corn seed with P. fluorescens AB254 was comparable to treatment with the fungicide metalaxyl in increasing seedling emergence. Seedlings from bio-primed seeds emerged from the soil more rapidly than from nontreated seeds and were larger at three weeks postplanting. Seeds of sh 2 and sugary enhancer (se) sweet corn, as well as that of several sh 2 cultivars, were protected from damping-off by bio-priming.

scholarly journals Eco-friendly management of major diseases in jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Meena ◽  
A. Roy ◽  
B. S. Gotyal ◽  
S. Mitra ◽  
S. Satpathy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
Cent Disease

Field experiment was conducted for disease management with seven eco-friendly treatments in Corchorus olitorius jute during 2012-2013 under randomized block design (RBD) in three replications with variety JRO-524. The ecofriendly treatment 50% N: P: K + seed treatments with Azotobacter and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) @ 5g/Kg+ Trichoderma viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha at 21DAS) + Psuedomonas fluorescens spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS was found superior with minimum per cent disease incidence (3.46 and 1.43%) as compared to control (13.17 and 4.96%). The second best treatment was found with Farm yard manure (FYM) @ 5t/ha + seed treatment with Azotobecter and PSB @ 5g/Kg+ T. viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha 21DAS)+ P. fluorescencs spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS and showed 3.61 and 2.0% disease incidence. The treatment with N: P: K @ 60:30:30 and seed treatment with carbendazim 50WP @ 2g/Kg at 45DAS showed 4.56 and 2.10 % disease incidence. Dry fibre yield was highest (30.33q/ha) in the plots treated with FYM @ 5t/ha + seed treatment with Azotobacter and PSB @ 5g/Kg+ T. viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha at 21DAS) + P. fluorescencs spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS) and it was lowest in untreated control (15.69 q/ha).Variation in yield was attributed due to difference in plant height.

scholarly journals Effect of various biological control agents (BCAs) on drought resistance and spring barley productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00063
Author(s):  
Radik Safin ◽  
Lilia Karimova ◽  
Lubov Nizhegorodtseva ◽  
Daria Stepankova ◽  
Gulnaz Shaimullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Rhizospheric Bacteria ◽  
Barley Resistance

The aim of the article is to study the effect of various biological agents of biofungicides on plant resistance to drought and formation of spring barley crops. Endophytic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis), rhizospheric bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens), actinomycetes (Streptomyces sp.), and micromycetes (Trichoderma viride) were used as bioagents of biofungicides. Preparations based on biological agents were used to treat spring barley seeds. The studies were carried out in laboratory and field conditions. In the conditions of the model artificial acute drought, it was found that seed treatment with Streptomyces sp. Stimulates the leaf and root growth, as well as increases peroxidase activity in the leaves. The maximum content of proline was during seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens. An increase in the content of chlorophyll was observed when treating with Trichoderma viride seeds. In the field conditions, Pseudomonas putida and Streptomyces were more efficient by the content of proline in seedlings. In terms of the spring barley yield, seed treatment with Streptomyces sp., Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis was more efficient. Streptomyces sp., Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis are promising for increasing barley resistance to drought.

scholarly journals Integrated Disease Management for Pigeonpea Wilt Caused by Fusarium udum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Sharma ◽  
Tushar Mishra ◽  
Rakesh Bhagat ◽  
Vivek Swarnkar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Wilt Incidence

Field experiments were conducted during Kharif seasons of 2013 and 2014 in the farmer's field of Gariyaband, Chhattisgarh, India to find out different integrated management levels of control schedule for pigeonpea wilt disease. All treatments had a significant effect on germination percent, disease incidence, seed yield and disease index in both the consecutive years of experimentation. T4–Seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim+ Trichoderma viride + Rhizobium + Soil application of Trichoderma viride, resulted in higher germination percentage (96.8 and 97.2), wilt incidence percent at 60 DAS (2.97 and 3.15), wilt incidence per cent at 150 DAS (9.68 and 7.65) and seed yield (15.10 and 16.28 q ha-1) during 2013 and 2014, respectively and was found superior over rest of the treatments. The loss in pigeonpea yield was up to the tune of 18.86 to 54.24% due to the incidence of wilt disease.

Management of Root Rot (Rhizoctonia solani) of Mothbean through Bio-Agents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Godara ◽  
Narendra . Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Application

Root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani is an important disease of mothbean, under severe infestation it causes 58-68 % losses in grain yield. Three-year field experiments were conducted in hot arid conditions at Bikaner, Rajasthan during kharif seasons with the objective to find out suitable eco-friendly management strategies for root rot. The experiment was conducted on cv. RMO-225 with six different combination of Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens bio- agents viz, seed treatment, soil treatment and their combinations against the root rot disease and compared with an untreated control. Results of experiment showed that all the treatments brought significant decline in disease incidence and consequently enhancement of grain yield compared to control. The treatment having combination of Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens seed treatment (4+4 g/kg seed) + soil application of T. harzianum + P. fluorescens (1.25 +1.25 kg in 50 kg FYM for each/ha) had minimum (21.78 %) root rot incidence, highest grain yield (10.56 q /ha) and net return (Rs. 14,338/ha). The T. harzianum seed treatment 8 g/kg seed + soil application of T. harzianum 2.5kg in 100 kg FYM/ha was the next best treatment with 25.56 per cent disease incidence and 9.42 q/ha of grain yield. These treatments can provide an effective, economical and eco- friendly management of root rot of mothbean for cultivators.

scholarly journals Evaluation of fungicides, biocontrol agents and botanicals for management of damping-off in cabbage seedlings caused by Fursarium moniliforme sheld

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Salma Begum ◽  
R. K. Tombisana Devi ◽  
N. Iboton Singh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Poisoned Food Technique ◽  
Pot Culture

The antagonistic effect of 10 fungicides, four biocontrol agents and 10 locally available botanicals in controlling the growth and sporulation of Fusarium moniliforme in vitro were tested. A pot culture experiment was also conducted to study the effect of seed treatment and soil treatment alone or in combination on germination and seedling vigour of cabbage. In vitro evaluation of ten fungicides by poisoned food technique showed that all the fungicides efficiently inhibited complete inhibition of the linear growth of the fungus was observed with Thiophenate methyl, Carbendazim, Mancozeb, Difenconazole, Propiconazole, Hexaconazole, Sixer and Tricyclazole. Sporulation was completely inhibited by all the fungicides evaluated. In dual culture technique of the fungus and biocontrol agents, of the four biocontrol agents evaluated the antagonists, T. hamatum completely overgrew the pathogen, T. harzianum colonized on half of the growth of the pathogen, T. viride remained locked with the fungus at the point of contact and P. citrinum formed inhibition zone with the fungus. Sporulation was completely inhibited by all the four antagonists. Among the ten locally available botanicals tested by poisoned food technique in vitro, garlic extract showed maximum fungitoxic propertyfollowed wild sage (Lantana camara), onion (Allium cepa), neem (Azadirachta indica), goat weed (Ageratum conyzoides) and marigold (Tagetes erecta) . In pot culture experiment, the least disease incidence was recorded in soil treatment with carbendazim (26%) followed by T. harzianum (29%) and P. glabrum (29.7%). However,considering the various drawbacks and hazardous effects resulting from use of chemicals, biocontrol agents and plant extracts can be recommended to use in raising healthy seedlings free from pre- and post-emergence damping-off.

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