Comparison of Wheat Production under Different Paddy Residue Management Methods

A study was conducted to compare wheat production under two previous paddy crop residue management systems by taking into account wheat growth parameters, yield attributes and economics of both systems. Farm testing of wheat production in two methods of management of paddy residue viz: sowing of wheat with happy seeder in previous paddy crop residue (paddy residue retention) and sowing of wheat with normal drill after burning of previous paddy residue (paddy residue burning: farmer practice) done in Ferozepur and Jalandhar districts on 10 farmers’ fields locations in each district during rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Dataset was analyzed using unpaired T test. Both paddy residue retention and paddy residue burning methods resulted in non-significant effect on growth parameters and yield attributes which resulted similar mean grain yields (5.48 t/ha) and (5.35 t/ha), respectively in both districts during two years of study. Paddy residue retention method reduced the cost of wheat cultivation and put a check on air pollution from burning of paddy residue in the field. It saved fertilizers by adding nutrients to the field.

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Evaluation of herbicidal potential of commercial herbicides in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation

Recent Research in Science and Technology ◽

10.25081/rrst.2017.9.3356 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 10-12

Author(s):

Hussein Ali Salim, Abdalsalam Awni Abdalbaki, Hussein Ali Khalid ◽

Abd Alrasool Shalal Taha, Salam Farhan Dawood

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Weed Control ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Winter Season ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Wheat Cultivation ◽

1000 Grain Weight

A field experiment was conducted in Kanan region, province of Diyala, Iraq during the winter season 2016-2017 to screen herbicides for wheat cultivation. Six herbicides viz., Salix, Cronus, Pallas, Granstar, Topic and Atlantis were sprayed as post-emergence with second irrigation 54 days after crop sowing. Wheat growth parameters viz Crop height, Spike length and number of grains per spike were a higher in Granstar&Topic (105.2 cm, 12.6 cm, 51.4) respectively, 1000 grain weight were noted with Atlantis (40.9 g). followed by Granstar&Topic (39.2 g), Number of plants / m2 was a higher in Atlantis (430), Grain yield g \ acre was significantly increased in Granstar&Topic (1848 g) weeds growth parameters like Number of weeds / m2, Dry weight of weeds g, Weed control % and Weeds inhibition % were lower in Salix&cronos (0.0,0.0 g,100%,100%) respectively.

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Different Tillage Options and Residue Management for Improvingcrop Productivity and Soil Fertility in Wheat-Maize-Rice Cropping Pattern

Bangladesh Agronomy Journal ◽

10.3329/baj.v22i2.47620 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 55-66

Author(s):

MI Hossain ◽

MA Ohab ◽

MHR Sheikh ◽

BL Nag

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Residue Management ◽

Research Centre ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Strip Tillage ◽

Planting System ◽

Residue Retention

A three yearsfield experiment was conducted at Regional Wheat Research Centre, Shyampur, Rajshahiduring 2014-15 to 2017-18 with an objective to observe the effects on soil fertility and performance of the crops under different tillage and residue management for rice-wheat (RW) systems by adding a third pre-rice crop of maize. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replication. The tillage options viz. (i) Strip tillage (ST) (ii) Permanent bed (PB) and (iii) conventional (CT) tillage; two crop residue management, viz. (i) 0%=no residue and (ii) 30% residue retention were studied. The results indicated that keeping 30% crop residue in the field with minimum disturbance of soil had significant contribution on grain yield of wheat-maize-rice sequence compare to conventional practice of well-till without crop residue retention.The permanent bed planting system gave the highest yields of wheat (4.37 tha-1), maize (7.31 tha-1) and rice (4.40 tha-1) and followed by strip tillage and lowest in conventional tillage. Among the residue management, 30% residue retention showed the highest yields of wheat (4.46tha- 1), maize (7.39 tha-1) and rice (4.69 tha-1). Considering economic performance of all tillage systems, the permanent bed planting system performed the best among all other tillage options and followed by strip tillage. Contrarily, 30% residue retention gave the highest yield and increased 0.12-0.14% organic matter into the soil with more productive.The results indicates that, both tillage systems coupled with 30% residue retention might be a good option for higher yield as well as soil fertility for Wheat-Maize- Taman rice cropping pattern in drought prone areas of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 55-66

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Tillage, Crop Rotation and Crop Residue Management Effects on Nutrient Availability in a Sweet Sorghum-Based Cropping System in Marginal Soils of South Africa

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10060776 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 776 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mashapa E. Malobane ◽

Adornis D. Nciizah ◽

Fhatuwani N. Mudau ◽

Isaiah I.C Wakindiki

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Nutrient Availability ◽

Sweet Sorghum ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Cropping System ◽

Residue Management ◽

Crop Residue Management ◽

No Till ◽

Marginal Soils ◽

Residue Retention

The low soil fertility status of South African marginal soils threatens sustainable production of biofuel feedstock in smallholder farmers. It is therefore imperative to development sustainable and optimal management practices that improve soil fertility. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of tillage, rotation and crop residue management on nutrient availability in a bioenergy sweet sorghum-based cropping system in marginal soils. Two tillage levels, no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT); two crop rotations, sweet sorghum–grazing vetch–sweet sorghum (SVS) and sweet sorghum–fallow–sweet sorghum (SFS); and three crop residue retention levels, 0%, 15% and 30%, were tested. No-till enhanced total nitrogen, total organic nitrogen (TON), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) by 3.19% to 45% compared to CT. SVS rotation increased ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3−-N) by 3.42% to 5.98% compared to SFS. A 30% crop residue retention increased NH4+-N, NO3−-N, available phosphorus (Available P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), calcium (Ca), Mg and potassium (K) by 3.58% to 31.94% compared to crop residue removal. In the short term, a 30% crop residue retention was the main treatment that enhanced soil fertility. The application of NT−30% was a better practice to enhance soil fertility. However, research on inclusion of crop diversity/intercropping can add more value to the NT–30% practice in enhancing soil fertility.

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Impact of Tillage and Crop Residue Management on the Weed Community and Wheat Yield in a Wheat–Maize Double Cropping System

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11030265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 265

Author(s):

Jin Zhang ◽

Lan-Fang Wu

Keyword(s):

Crop Residue ◽

Soil Seed Bank ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Residue Management ◽

Weed Density ◽

Residue Removal ◽

No Till ◽

Crop Residue Removal ◽

Residue Retention

Weeds are often harmful to crop growth due to the competition for space and resources. A field experiment containing four treatments with three replications in a complete randomized design was conducted at Yucheng Comprehensive Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences since 2008 to assess the impact of shifting from conventional tillage to no-till with crop residue management on weeds and wheat production at the North China Plain. We found that both aboveground weed density and species richness were higher under continuous no-till (NT) than conventional tillage (CT) in the regrowth and stem elongation stage of wheat growth. On the other hand, aboveground weed density in the stage of flowering and filling decreased with crop residue mulching. The density of the soil seed bank in crop residue removal treatments was significantly higher than that of crop residue retention. Besides, either crop residue mulching or incorporating into the soil significantly increased the wheat yield compared with crop residue removal regardless of tillage management. In conclusion, crop residue retention could decrease the weed density and species richness both aboveground and in the soil seed bank and inhibit the growth of broadleaf weeds by the residue layer. Moreover, crop residue retention could improve the wheat yield.

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Preceding crops and residue management practices on performance of mustard under zero-till semi-arid condition

Agronomy Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ajn.v3i0.8983 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 23-32

Author(s):

LP Amgain ◽

AR Sharma

Keyword(s):

Crop Residue ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Cropping System ◽

Residue Management ◽

Green Gram ◽

New Delhi ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Cluster Bean ◽

Arid Condition ◽

Semi Arid

A field experiment was conducted in 2010/11 and 2011/12 at New Delhi to study the performance of zero-till rainfed mustard. The influence of preceding rainy season crops, viz. pearl millet, cluster bean and green gram; and residue management, viz. no residue, crop residue and Leucaena twigs mulching on this mustard crop was observed. Pooled analysis of mustard seed yield was significantly higher (+51%) in 2010/11 (1.80 t/ ha) than 2011/12 (1.19 t/ha) due to favourable weather condition in the first year. Further, Leucaena twigs mulching resulted higher seed yield of 2.17 t/ha in 2010/11 than 1.94 t/ha in 2011/12. Green gram as preceding crop resulted significantly higher mustard yield in 2010/11, while it was higher after cluster bean in 2011/12. Interaction between crop residue and preceding rainy season crops on growth parameters exerted significant variations, while yield attributes showed the mixed response. Cluster bean with Leucaena twigs led to higher yield of mustard, followed by green gram with crop residue. Economic analysis exhibited the highest net return of mustard grown after cluster bean with Leucaena twigs mulching. From the findings it is observed that growth indices, yield, and yield attributes and economics of mustard were influenced significantly by preceding crops and crop residue application. The effect of Leucaena twigs was found better in 2010/11, while both crop residues and Leucaena twigs mulching were equally effective in 2011/12. Cluster bean as preceding crop to mustard resulted higher yield and net returns, followed by green gram and cluster bean with crop residues. It was suggested that mustard after cluster bean with Leucaena twigs was a high yielding and profitable cropping system under zero-till semi-arid condition. It was concluded that growing mustard after cluster bean with Leucaena twigs mulching resulted increased yield and profitable cropping system for rainfed areas in zero-till semi arid condition of New Delhi. Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 3. 2013, Page 23-32 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v3i0.8983

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Performance of zero-till wheat (Triticum aestvium L.) with residue and weed management techniques under rice-wheat cropping system

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/a-4860 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Rakesh Kumar ◽

U. P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Cropping System ◽

Residue Management ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Residue Removal ◽

Net Returns ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Residue Retention

An experiment was conducted during at Varanasi to find out the effect of residue management with Trichoderma application and weed management practices (W1- - Control, W2 -Hand weeding at 30 and 45 DAS, W3 - Isoproturon + 2,4-D (1.0 + 0.5 kg ha-1) at 30 DAS, W4 - Fenoxaprop 120 g ha-1 fb Metsulfuron 4 g ha-1 ) on growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat(Triticum aestvium L.) with weed density, WCE and net returns. The residue retention with Trichoderma application produced significantly higher crop growth, yield attributes, grain and straw yield as compared to residue retention alone and residue removal. Among the weedicide option fenoxaprop fb metsulfuron treatment was found most effective in controlling weed population and produced significantly higher grain (3355.06 and 3722.27 kg-1 ha) and straw yields (5050.23 and 5332.77 kg-1 ha) and higher weed control efficiency (74.19 and 75.07 %). Out of herbicides, Isoproturon + 2, 4-D gave the highest net return as compared to fenoxaprop fb metsulfuron followed by hand weeding twice.

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Performance of zero-till wheat (Triticum aestvium L.) with residue and weed management techniques under rice-wheat cropping system

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/ag.a-4860 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Rakesh Kumar ◽

U. P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Cropping System ◽

Residue Management ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Residue Removal ◽

Net Returns ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Residue Retention

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Phylogenetic and Multivariate Analyses To Determine the Effects of Different Tillage and Residue Management Practices on Soil Bacterial Communities

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02726-09 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 76 (11) ◽

pp. 3685-3691 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

Javier A. Ceja-Navarro ◽

Flor N. Rivera-OrduÃ¯Â¿Â½a ◽

Leonardo PatiÃ¯Â¿Â½o-ZÃ¯Â¿Â½Ã¯Â¿Â½iga ◽

AntÃ¯Â¿Â½n Vila-Sanjurjo ◽

JosÃ¯Â¿Â½ Crossa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Communities ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Residue Management ◽

Zero Tillage ◽

Soil Bacterial Communities ◽

Soil Bacterial ◽

Bacterial Groups ◽

Residue Retention

ABSTRACT Bacterial communities are important not only in the cycling of organic compounds but also in maintaining ecosystems. Specific bacterial groups can be affected as a result of changes in environmental conditions caused by human activities, such as agricultural practices. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of different forms of tillage and residue management on soil bacterial communities by using phylogenetic and multivariate analyses. Treatments involving zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT) with their respective combinations of residue management, i.e., removed residue (−R) and kept residue (+R), and maize/wheat rotation, were selected from a long-term field trial started in 1991. Analysis of bacterial diversity showed that soils under zero tillage and crop residue retention (ZT/+R) had the highest levels of diversity and richness. Multivariate analysis showed that beneficial bacterial groups such as fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. and Burkholderiales were favored by residue retention (ZT/+R and CT/+R) and negatively affected by residue removal (ZT/−R). Zero-tillage treatments (ZT/+R and ZT/−R) had a positive effect on the Rhizobiales group, with its main representatives related to Methylosinus spp. known as methane-oxidizing bacteria. It can be concluded that practices that include reduced tillage and crop residue retention can be adopted as safer agricultural practices to preserve and improve the diversity of soil bacterial communities.

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Impact of crop residue management on crop production and soil chemistry after seven years of crop rotation in temperate climate, loamy soils

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4836 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4836 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Marie-Pierre Hiel ◽

Sophie Barbieux ◽

Jérôme Pierreux ◽

Claire Olivier ◽

Guillaume Lobet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Crop Production ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Residue Management ◽

Temperate Climate ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

Crop Residue Management ◽

The Impact

Society is increasingly demanding a more sustainable management of agro-ecosystems in a context of climate change and an ever growing global population. The fate of crop residues is one of the important management aspects under debate, since it represents an unneglectable quantity of organic matter which can be kept in or removed from the agro-ecosystem. The topic of residue management is not new, but the need for global conclusion on the impact of crop residue management on the agro-ecosystem linked to local pedo-climatic conditions has become apparent with an increasing amount of studies showing a diversity of conclusions. This study specifically focusses on temperate climate and loamy soil using a seven-year data set. Between 2008 and 2016, we compared four contrasting residue management strategies differing in the amount of crop residues returned to the soil (incorporation vs. exportation of residues) and in the type of tillage (reduced tillage (10 cm depth) vs. conventional tillage (ploughing at 25 cm depth)) in a field experiment. We assessed the impact of the crop residue management on crop production (three crops—winter wheat, faba bean and maize—cultivated over six cropping seasons), soil organic carbon content, nitrate (${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) soil content and uptake by the crops. The main differences came primarily from the tillage practice and less from the restitution or removal of residues. All years and crops combined, conventional tillage resulted in a yield advantage of 3.4% as compared to reduced tillage, which can be partly explained by a lower germination rate observed under reduced tillage, especially during drier years. On average, only small differences were observed for total organic carbon (TOC) content of the soil, but reduced tillage resulted in a very clear stratification of TOC and also of P and K content as compared to conventional tillage. We observed no effect of residue management on the ${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$ content, since the effect of fertilization dominated the effect of residue management. To confirm the results and enhance early tendencies, we believe that the experiment should be followed up in the future to observe whether more consistent changes in the whole agro-ecosystem functioning are present on the long term when managing residues with contrasted strategies.

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