Identification, Antagonistic Potentials and Plasmid Profiling of Micro-Organisms Associated with Termitarium and Macerated Dead Termites from Cashew Trees in Ibule-Soro, Akure Nigeria

This research was carried out to identify microorganisms associated with termitarium on cashew tree barks and macerated dead termites from Ibule-Soro, Akure, Nigeria. Pour plate technique was used for isolation, standard and conventional methods of cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics were employed in the identification and characterization. Bacterial isolates such as Bacillus sp, Micrococcus sp, Corynebacterium sp, Streptococcus sp were identified, while fungi isolates such as Aspergilus niger, Fusarium solani and Penicillium nonatum were identified. The result of antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of the isolates showed that all the bacteria were susceptible to at least three of the antibiotics. However, Micrococcus sp and Bacillus sp were screened to be multiple antibiotic resistant isolates. Plasmid profiling of these multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria isolates were carried out to determine the size of the bacteria plasmids and genetic basis of their antimicrobial resistance. The isolates were cured of their plasmid and subjected to antibiotic treatments again to determine whether their susceptibility to antibiotic is chromosomal or extra-chromosomal. Antagonistic properties of the isolated bacteria and fungi were determined against known bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococus aureus, Shigella sp, Salmonella sp, and Escherichia coli, the result showed that only the fungus Penicillium notatum showed positive and mild antagonistic potential against the selected pathogens. Findings from this research showed the potentials of termite nest as reservoirs for beneficial microorganisms with great antagonistic properties.

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Antibacterial Activity of Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by the Octocoral-Associated Bacteria Bacillus sp. BO53 and Pseudoalteromonas sp. GA327

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9120923 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 923

Author(s):

Anette Garrido ◽

Librada A. Atencio ◽

Rita Bethancourt ◽

Ariadna Bethancourt ◽

Héctor Guzmán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Associated Bacteria ◽

Volatile Organic

The present research aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by octocoral-associated bacteria Bacillus sp. BO53 and Pseudoalteromonas sp. GA327. The volatilome bioactivity of both bacteria species was evaluated against human pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumanni, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this regard, the in vitro tests showed that Bacillus sp. BO53 VOCs inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa and reduced the growth of S. aureus and A. baumanni. Furthermore, Pseudoalteromonas sp. GA327 strongly inhibited the growth of A. baumanni, and P. aeruginosa. VOCs were analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) joined to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methodology. Nineteen VOCs were identified, where 5-acetyl-2-methylpyridine, 2-butanone, and 2-nonanone were the major compounds identified on Bacillus sp. BO53 VOCs; while 1-pentanol, 2-butanone, and butyl formate were the primary volatile compounds detected in Pseudoalteromonas sp. GA327. We proposed that the observed bioactivity is mainly due to the efficient inhibitory biochemical mechanisms of alcohols and ketones upon antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This is the first report which describes the antibacterial activity of VOCs emitted by octocoral-associated bacteria.

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Microbial Isolates from Vegetable Foreign Bodies Inhaled by Dogs

Veterinary Medicine International ◽

10.1155/2018/3089282 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sara Flisi ◽

Manuel Dall’Aglio ◽

Costanza Spadini ◽

Clotilde Silvia Cabassi ◽

Fausto Quintavalla

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

E Coli ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Susceptibility Tests ◽

The Right

Grass-seed inhalation is a common problem in canine patients, in particular during summer months, migrating in upper and lower respiratory tract. Grass awns can harbor bacteria and fungi, causing grass seeds foreign body-related disease (GSFBD). Aim of this study was to investigate the aerobic microbial flora isolated from grass awns extracted from 41 dogs with GSFBD and the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacterial strains. Fifty-four grass awns were localized with diagnostic imaging tests and removed by endoscopy from respiratory tract. The most frequent localizations were in the left nostril and the right hemithorax. Only one grass awn was extracted from each patient except in 7 that had more than one. Bacteriological and mycological cultures, strains identification, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed. One or more bacterial strains were isolated from all grass awns. Fungal strains were isolated only in 4 cases. Staphylococcussp. was the most frequent isolate in the upper respiratory tract (36.8%), whileE. coli(24.4%) was the most frequent isolate in the lower tract. Fluoroquinolones and Doxycycline were the most effective antibiotics, while resistance was observed against Gentamicin (>93%), Cefapirin, and Clindamycin (>80%). These data are relevant in relation to the use of these antibiotics in both animals and humans, for the risk of transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria or resistance genes.

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Spectrum of antibiotic resistant bacteria and fungi isolated from chronically infected wounds in a rural district hospital in Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0237263 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. e0237263 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ralf Krumkamp ◽

Kwabena Oppong ◽

Benedikt Hogan ◽

Ricardo Strauss ◽

Hagen Frickmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

District Hospital ◽

Rural District ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Infected Wounds ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

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Occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in some shrimp farms of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v41i2.13449 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 197-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Farzana Ashrafi Neela ◽

Md Atiquer Rahman ◽

MST Nasrin Akhter Banu ◽

M Habibur Rahman ◽

Hiroyuki Ohta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brackish Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Farming System ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Pseudomonas Sp ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Acinetobacter Sp ◽

Shrimp Farms

Tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (AMP) resistant bacteria were identified from both fresh and brackish water shrimp farming system, in Bangladesh. Among 78 isolates from freshwater samples, 14.10, 17.95 and 23.8% were found resistant to TC, AMP and TC plus AMP, respectively. On the other hand, isolates from the brackish water samples, the percentages of TC, AMP and TC plus AMP resistant isolates were 10.25, 12.82 and 15.38, respectively. In freshwater samples, the highest percentage of resistant bacteria was Bacillus sp. (38.9), Pseudomonas sp. (22.2), Staphylococcus sp. (16.7), Acinetobacter sp. (11.1), Brevibacillus sp. (5.5) and Enterobacter sp. (5.5). While in brackish water samples dominant resistant bacteria was Bacillus sp. (50) followed by Pseudomonas sp. (16.7), Acinetobacter sp. (16.7), Enterobacter sp. (8.3) and Microvirgula sp. (8.3). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i2.13449 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(2): 197-200, 2012 (December)

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Microbiological Contamination of the Office Environment in Dental and Medical Practice

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10111375 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1375

Author(s):

Alexandre Baudet ◽

Monique Guillaso ◽

Léonie Grimmer ◽

Marie Regad ◽

Arnaud Florentin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Practitioner ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Microbiological Contamination ◽

Waiting Room ◽

Healthcare Facilities ◽

Dental Offices ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Micro Organisms

The microbiological contamination of the environment in independent healthcare facilities such as dental and general practitioner offices was poorly studied. The aims of this study were to describe qualitatively and quantitatively the bacterial and fungal contamination in these healthcare facilities and to analyze the antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens identified. Microbiological samples were taken from the surfaces of waiting, consulting, and sterilization rooms and from the air of waiting room of ten dental and general practitioner offices. Six surface samples were collected in each sampled room using agar contact plates and swabs. Indoor air samples were collected in waiting rooms using a single-stage impactor. Bacteria and fungi were cultured, then counted and identified. Antibiograms were performed to test the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogens. On the surfaces, median concentrations of bacteria and fungi were 126 (range: 0–1280) and 26 (range: 0–188) CFU/100 cm2, respectively. In indoor air, those concentrations were 403 (range: 118–732) and 327 (range: 32–806) CFU/m3, respectively. The main micro-organisms identified were Gram-positive cocci and filamentous fungi, including six ubiquitous genera: Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Alternaria. Some antibiotic-resistant bacteria were identified in general practitioner offices (penicillin- and erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), but none in dental offices. The dental and general practitioner offices present a poor microbiological contamination with rare pathogenic micro-organisms.

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Universal Vaccines: Shifting to One for Many

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.00042-10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Antonio Cassone ◽

Rino Rappuoli

Keyword(s):

Influenza A ◽

Influenza Pandemic ◽

Antigenic Specificity ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Infectious Agents ◽

Universal Vaccine ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽

Health Authorities ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

ABSTRACT Human vaccines, with their exquisite antigenic specificity, have greatly helped to eliminate or dramatically abate the incidence of a number of historical and current plagues, from smallpox to bacterial meningitis. Nonetheless, as new infectious agents emerge and the number of vaccine-preventable diseases increases, the practice and benefits of single-pathogen- or disease-targeted vaccination may be put at risk by constraints of timely production, formulation complexity, and regulatory hurdles. During the last influenza pandemic, extraordinary efforts by vaccine producers and health authorities have had little or no influence on disease prevention or mitigation. Recent research demonstrating the possibility of protecting against all influenza A virus types or even phylogenetically distant pathogens with vaccines based on highly conserved peptide or saccharide sequences is changing our paradigm. “Universal vaccine” strategies could be particularly advantageous to address protection from antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi for which no vaccine is currently available.

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Plasmid Profiling of Antibiotic Resistant Organisms Isolated From Hospital Effluents Discharged Into Nworie River Imo State

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Immunology ◽

10.33140/jcei.05.01.05 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Plasmid Dna ◽

Medical Center ◽

Direct Access ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Imo State ◽

Hospital Effluents ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Plasmid Profiling

The emergence of multiple antibiotics resistant in bacteria and the indiscriminate use of antibiotics contribute to the dissemination of resistant pathogen in the environment. Hospital effluents are potential sources of antibiotic resistant bacteria, which if released into the rivers leads to the contamination of the water by the resistant strains which are potential threat to human health as they might have direct access to man or transported from sea animals to man through food. Plasmids are major mechanism for the spread of antibiotic resistant gene in bacteria population. Plasmid profiling is one of the methods used to determine and characterize antibiotic resistance traits in bacteria. In this study, Samples were collected using sterile sample bottles at three different locations of Nworie River (Two Federal Medical Center and the third behind Umezuruike hospital) in Imo State. A total of eighteen isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility. The isolates were tested against ten (10) different antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Eight (8) isolates were found to be resistant to at least five antibiotics. While the plasmid DNA were extracted using the TENS extraction method and separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. Four of the resistant strains had plasmid DNA.

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Lactic Acid Bacterial Bacteriocins and Their Bioactive Properties Against Food Associated Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-636841/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emmanuel Edoghogho Imade ◽

Solomon Esharegoma Omonigho

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Foodborne Pathogens ◽

Food Products ◽

Food Samples ◽

Fermented Food ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity

Abstract Purpose: Incidence of food borne diseases and growing resistance of pathogens to classical antibiotics is a major concern in the food industry. Consequently, there is increasing demand for safe foods with less chemical additives but natural products which are not harmful to the consumers. Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), is of interest because they are active in a nanomolar range, do not have toxic effects and are readily available in fermented food products.Methods: In this research, LAB were isolated from fufu, gari, kunu, nono and ogi using De Mann, Rogosa and Sharpe agar. Result: A total of 162 isolates were obtained from the food samples. Antimicrobial sensitivity test yielded positive result for 45 LAB isolates against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 while 52 LAB isolates inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. On confirmation of the bacteriocinogenic nature of the inhibitory substance, 4 of the LAB isolates displayed a remarkable degree of inhibition to Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus. Agar well diffusion assay was also performed using the cell-free supernatant (CFS) obtained from Lactobacillus fermentum strain NBRC15885, Lactobacillus fermentum strain CIP102980, Lactobacillus plantarum strain JCM1149 and Lactobacillus natensis strain LP33. The (CFS) was able to inhibit the growth of B. subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, S. typhimurium, S. aureus and E. coli which are foodborne pathogens.Conclusion: It therefore portends that the bacteriocins produced by the LAB isolated from these food products could act as probiotics for effective inhibition of the growth of antibiotic resistant foodborne pathogens.

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