scholarly journals Hepatitis B Infection in People Living with HIV/AIDS; A Retrospective Study of the Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Richard Anthony ◽  
Ruth C. Brenyah ◽  
Kwame O. Darkwah ◽  
Blessing C. Egbule ◽  
Jerry P. K. Ninnoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Comorbidities among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) increases with disease severity. This may be attributed to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) toxicity and HIV/AIDS-related infections.   Aim: We investigated the presence of comorbidities among PLWHA and reported their clinical and biochemical characteristics. Methods: This study was conducted at the Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital (ENRH) in the South-Western part of Ghana. A retrospective data of 500 participants (134 males and 366 females) was collected from HIV/AIDS patients on HAART (January 2012 to January 2016). Sociodemographic characteristics and laboratory data of patients were retrieved from patients’ clinical files and laboratory database respectively. Data was analyzed with SPSS for both descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: A total of 96 (19.2%) comorbidities were recorded (N=500). The most prevalent comorbidity was hepatitis B virus infection (34.4%). Among the 96 HIV/AIDS patients who had comorbidities, 27 (28.1%) were males and 69 (71.9%) were females. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the HIV/AIDS patients with comorbidities was similar to that of those without comorbidities (113.84 ± 16.73 vs 115.32 ± 15.68). Majority of the participants with comorbidities 59 (61.5%) and those without comorbidities 227 (56.2%) were found to be on the same therapy combination (TDF+3TC+EFV). The decreased CD4 cell count, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum potassium and creatinine were similar in the participants (those with comorbidities and those without comorbidities). None of the demographic, clinical and biochemical parameters were associated with the presence of comorbidities. Conclusion: The total prevalence of commodities was 19.2% and the most prevalent commodity was HBV (34.4%). The comorbidities were common among females, the married and old people living with HIV/AIDS. Early and regular screening will be a key prevention and control strategy for the HIV/AIDS-associated commodities.

scholarly journals Determinants of Survival Among HIV/AIDS Patients With The Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy In Henan Province of China 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yantao Jin ◽  
Miao Zhang ◽  
Yan-min Ma ◽  
Hui-jun Guo ◽  
Peng-yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: To estimate the survival and effectors of mortality among HIV/AIDS patients switch to second-line highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) in rural China.Methods: A three years’ retrospective cohort study was conducted and HIV/AIDS patients switched to the second-line ART between January 2009 to December 2014 enrollment. The data collected from medical records and analysis using Kaplan-Meier statistics and COX regression models.Findings: A total of 2883 HIV/AIDS participants followed up for 8445 person-years, 183 (6.5%) died, 14(0.5%) lost follow-up and the mortality rate 2.17/100 person-years. After adjusting other confounding factors by multivariable COX regression, age older than 50 years (HR,3.37; 95%CI, 1.92-5.92), Traditional Chinese medicine therapy (HR,0.48; 95%CI, 0.33-0.71), CD4 cell count littler than 200 cells/μl (HR,2.97; 95%CI, 1.90-4.64), AST or ALT higher than 50 u/L (HR,1.55; 95%CI, 1.15-2.11) were each independently associated with mortality among HIV/AIDS patients switch to second-line ART.Conclusions: Our retrospective cohort study indicates that mortality among HIV/AIDS patients switch to second-line ART lower than most other studies. However, the limitations of a retrospective cohort could have biased the study, so prospective studies should be carried out to confirm our primary results. The result of our study suggest that Chinese therapy was potential treatment for HIV/AIDS patients.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG NURSES TOWARDS HIV/ AIDS PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, AMROHA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Agrawal ◽  
Ankita Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has become one of the most serious challenges to public health due to its high morbidity, mortality and economic impacts. Good Knowledge, positive attitudes and practices are important aspects of providing nursing care for people living with HIV/AIDS. Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: This study was descriptive, performed on 200 nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients at a tertiary care Hospital, Amroha. Data was collected using pretested, validated, self administered questionnaire consisting of knowledge, attitude and practice based questions related to HIV/Aids and infected patients along with demographic variables of nursing staff under study.  Results: The result of this study showed that majority of nurses (81%) working with HIV/AIDS patients possess adequate level of knowledge. Most of the nurses under study showed high level of empathic attitude toward people living with HIV/AIDS (above 80%) but at the same time high level of avoidance was observed among some nurses. Practice of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients was found good. Conclusions: There was satisfactory knowledge, positive attitudes and good practice level among nurses under study. Recommendations: Training should focus on Preventive methods and modes of HIV transmission, care and support of all patients no matter what the disease, emphasizing confidentiality as a patient right that should not be ignored and should train nurses and monitor nursing skills. Keywords: Public health, Nurses, HIV, Knowledge, Attitude, Practices

scholarly journals Hepatitis B and hepatitis C prevalence among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songxia Yu ◽  
Chengbo Yu ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Shiming Liu ◽  
Haowen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Co-infections of tuberculosis, hepatitis B or C viruses in a cohort of people living with HIV/AIDS in China: predictors and sequelae

AIDS Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 974-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Shan Qiao ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Influence of Employment on Quality of Life Outcomes Among People with HIV/AIDS in Rural Appalachia

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
George Mamboleo ◽  
George T. Mugoya ◽  
Jonathan Nauser ◽  
Adrionia Molder ◽  
Fais Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The development of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has shifted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) from an acute to a chronic condition. Due to reduced fatality, approximately 1.1 million people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are faced with increased longevity in conjunction with functional consequences associated with chronic disability. Employment has been associated with increased treatment adherence, quality of life (QoL), and mental and physical health for people living with HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between employment status and QoL for PLWHA. Participants included 115 patients receiving services from two Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP) clinics in a rural Mid Atlantic Appalachian region of the U.S. Findings revealed statistically significant differences in employment status on six domains of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life scale for PLWHA (WHOQOL-HIV-Bref), except for spirituality/religion/personal beliefs. Implications for practice and research are discussed.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus prevalence, immunization and immune response in people living with HIV/AIDS in Istanbul, Turkey: a 21-year data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1621-8
Author(s):  
Esra Zerdali ◽  
Inci Yilmaz Nakir ◽  
Serkan Surme ◽  
Mustafa Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Keywords Hiv ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objective: We aimed to determine Hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence, immune status, and the prevalence of antibody response in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Istanbul, Turkey. Methods: The study includes PLWHA aged 18 years and older who were followed-up for at least 6 months from 1997 to 2018. Results: Of the 653 patients with PLWHA, 99 (15.2%) were both antiHBc-IgG and antiHBs positive, 120 (18.3%) were antiHBc-IgG positive/antiHBs negative. HBsAg was positive in 40 (6.1%) patients. HBsAg positive coinfection (≤40 years 4.6% vs. >40 years 21.7%, p<0.001) and antiHBc-IgG positivity/antiHBs negativity (≤40 years 14.0% vs. >40 years 26.5, p<0.001) were higher in PLWHA older than 40 years. The prevalence of HIV/HBV coinfection reached a peak level of 22.2% in 2004, and it decreased to 3.3% in 2018. The prevalence of immunization before HIV diagnosis was low (15.6%). The prevalence of antibody response (anti-HBs>10 IU/L) after immunization for HBV was 50%. A higher protective response was associated with CD4+≥350 cell/mm3 (59.3%, p=0.014). Conclusion: HBV coexistence in PLWHA remains an imperatively important problem. The most conclusive methods in solving this problem are to prevent transmission by immunization and control measures. Also, HBV screening should in no manner be neglected in PLWHA. Keywords: HIV; Hepatitis B; prevalence.

scholarly journals Assessment of ART knowledge and adherence to ARVs among PLWHA accessing care in two Nigerian Military HIV/AIDS Treatment sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
David Ufuoma Adje ◽  
Felicia Esemekiphorar Williams ◽  
Chukwuka Nicholas Bezugbe ◽  
Dauda Audi Dangiwa
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Busy Schedule ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background:       Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) is critical in achieving treatment goals, avoiding antimicrobial resistance, preventing treatment failure and improving the patient’s quality of life. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and adherence to antiretroviral (ARVs) medicines amongst People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) accessing care in two Nigerian Military HIV/AIDS Treatment sites. Methods: Four hundred patients on HAART who visited the study sites during the study period were recruited for the study using systematic random sampling method. A semi-structured, pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain demographic details. Patients’ knowledge of HIV was assessed using an 8-item questionnaire while adherence was measured using the Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ). Results: The predominant age group was 31-40 years (46.4%). There were more females (69%) than males (31%). Only 45.5% answered knowledge questions correctly. The adherence level in this study was 64.0%. The major reasons cited for non-adherence included being away from home (23.6%), forgetfulness (17.1%), busy schedule (14%), need to conceal medication (12.7%) and feeling better (11.6%). Conclusion: Patients’ knowledge of ART and adherence to ARVs medicines were sub-optimal. Appropriate strategies to improve patients’ knowledge of ART and adherence to ARVs are recommended.

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