An Evaluation of Visual Perception Visual Memory Cognitive Functions and Emotional Status among Genders in Elderly Subjects

Background: Gender differences in visual memory and perception and cognitive test performance have been significantly influenced by factors like sex Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the gender differences in patterns of cognitive test performance and visual perception in healthy elderly individuals. Methods: Cognitive functions and visual perception was analyzed using clock drawing test and picture identification test in 20 elderly men and women (10 each) and their emotional status was assessed using depression scale Results: The results revealed that females had a better visual memory and depth perception compared to men and the value was statistically significant at p<0.05. Females performed better than men on tests of Picture identification and were better in phonemic verbal skills compared to male men and the value was statistically significant at p<0.05 Conclusion: The present study concluded an innovative finding that women were better in their performance related to visual depth perception and cognitive functions.

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Improvement of cognitive test performance in patients undergoing primary CABG and other CPB-assisted cardiac procedures

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/0267659109104561 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 267-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

JM van den Goor ◽

BK Saxby ◽

JG Tijssen ◽

KA Wesnes ◽

BA de Mol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Functions ◽

Test Performance ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Cardiac Surgical Procedures ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cardiac Procedures ◽

Patient Groups ◽

Cognitive Test Performance ◽

Composite Scores ◽

Cabg Patients

Cardiac surgical procedures assisted by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) impair cognitive functions. Several studies, however, showed that cognitive functions were unaffected in patients undergoing either primary coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or more complex surgery assisted by CPB. Therefore, we conducted a straightforward study to compare patient groups who differed significantly in terms of risk factors such as prolonged CPB times. Consecutive patients (n = 54) were included, undergoing either non-primary CABG, e.g. valve and/or CABG, (n = 30) or primary CABG (n = 24), assisted by CPB. Cognitive function was determined pre-operatively on the day of hospital admission, and post-operatively after one and six months using the Cognitive Drug Research computerized assessment battery. Data from the fourteen individual task variables were summarized in four composite scores: Power of Attention (PoA), Continuity of Attention (CoA), Quality of Episodic Memory (QoEM), and Speed of Memory (SoM). In the non-primary CABG patients, both CoA and QoEM improved after 1 month (p = 0.001 and p = 0.016, respectively), whereas, after 6 months, CoA (p = 0.002), QoEM (p = 0.002) and SoM (p < 0.001) were improved. In primary CABG patients, CoA improved at one month after surgery (p = 0.002) and, after six months, not only CoA (p = 0.003), but also QoEM and SoM were improved (p = 0.001 and p = 0.030, respectively). The test performance was similar in non-primary and primary CABG patients after surgery. Our present study shows a post-operative improvement of cognitive composite scores after cardiac surgery assisted by CPB in both non-primary CABG and in primary CABG patients.

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Gender Differences in Cognitive Test Performance in Adults With Heart Failure

The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing ◽

10.1097/jcn.0000000000000330 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 212-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amber D. Rochette ◽

Mary Beth Spitznagel ◽

Lawrence H. Sweet ◽

Ronald A. Cohen ◽

Richard Josephson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Test Performance ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Cognitive Test Performance

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Saliva RNA biomarkers predict concussion duration and detect symptom recovery: a comparison with balance and cognitive testing

Journal of Neurology ◽

10.1007/s00415-021-10566-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gregory Fedorchak ◽

Aakanksha Rangnekar ◽

Cayce Onks ◽

Andrea C. Loeffert ◽

Jayson Loeffert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Prediction Rule ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Clinical Tool ◽

Post Injury ◽

Symptom Recovery ◽

Cognitive Test Performance

Abstract Objective The goals of this study were to assess the ability of salivary non-coding RNA (ncRNA) levels to predict post-concussion symptoms lasting ≥ 21 days, and to examine the ability of ncRNAs to identify recovery compared to cognition and balance. Methods RNA sequencing was performed on 505 saliva samples obtained longitudinally from 112 individuals (8–24-years-old) with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Initial samples were obtained ≤ 14 days post-injury, and follow-up samples were obtained ≥ 21 days post-injury. Computerized balance and cognitive test performance were assessed at initial and follow-up time-points. Machine learning was used to define: (1) a model employing initial ncRNA levels to predict persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) ≥ 21 days post-injury; and (2) a model employing follow-up ncRNA levels to identify symptom recovery. Performance of the models was compared against a validated clinical prediction rule, and balance/cognitive test performance, respectively. Results An algorithm using age and 16 ncRNAs predicted PPCS with greater accuracy than the validated clinical tool and demonstrated additive combined utility (area under the curve (AUC) 0.86; 95% CI 0.84–0.88). Initial balance and cognitive test performance did not differ between PPCS and non-PPCS groups (p > 0.05). Follow-up balance and cognitive test performance identified symptom recovery with similar accuracy to a model using 11 ncRNAs and age. A combined model (ncRNAs, balance, cognition) most accurately identified recovery (AUC 0.86; 95% CI 0.83–0.89). Conclusions ncRNA biomarkers show promise for tracking recovery from mTBI, and for predicting who will have prolonged symptoms. They could provide accurate expectations for recovery, stratify need for intervention, and guide safe return-to-activities.

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Interview and questionnaire assessment of cognitive impairment in subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Associations with cognitive test performance, psychosocial functioning, and positive symptoms

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113498 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 294 ◽

pp. 113498

Author(s):

Lasse Randers ◽

Birgitte Fagerlund ◽

Jens Richardt M Jepsen ◽

Dorte Nordholm ◽

Kristine Krakauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

High Risk ◽

Test Performance ◽

Psychosocial Functioning ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Positive Symptoms ◽

Questionnaire Assessment ◽

Ultra High Risk ◽

Cognitive Test Performance

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Patterns of Cognitive Test Performance As Functions of the Lateral Localization of Cerebral Abnormalities in the Temporal Lobe

Journal of Mental Science ◽

10.1192/bjp.103.433.758 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 103 (433) ◽

pp. 758-772 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Victor Meyer ◽

H. Gwynne Jones

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Temporal Relationships ◽

Verbal Tasks ◽

Specific Locus ◽

Left And Right ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Cognitive Test Performance ◽

Lateral Localization

Various investigations into the effects of brain injury on psychological test performance (Weisenburg and McBride, 1935; Patterson and Zangwill, 1944; Anderson, 1951; McFie and Piercy, 1952; Bauer and Becka, 1954; Milner, 1954) suggest the overall conclusion that patients with left hemisphere lesions are relatively poor at verbal tasks, while those with right-sided lesions do worst at practical tasks, particularly the manipulation of spatial or spatio-temporal relationships. Heilbfun's (1956) study confirmed that verbal deficits result from left-sided lesions but his left and right hemisphere groups produced almost identical scores on spatial tests. In so far as these workers paid attention to the specific sites of the lesions, their findings indicate that the pattern of test performance is a function of the hemisphere in which the lesion occurs rather than of its specific locus.

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