scholarly journals Role of Organic Growth Supplement In vitro Multiplication of Orchid Species- A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
Sohana Momtaj ◽  
. Sushma ◽  
Saranjeet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Growth Supplement ◽  
Growth Production

The main purpose of this article is to review role of several organic growth additives such Apple juice, coconut water (CW), maize extract, banana homogenate (BH), peptone and protocorms etc which stimulate the multiplication rate of various orchid species in in vitro multiplication. These organic growth supplements help to increase the number of shoots, root and leaf in culture medium. In many orchid tissue culture, organic growth supplements, which are the most essential medium aspect to stimulate tissue growth, production and facilitate the regeneration of shoot. The banana homogenate (BH) had the highest rate of regeneration and root developments. The use of organic growth supplements resulted in increased regeneration, the creation of more shoots and the development of fresh plantlets. Amino acids, proteins, vitamins, carbohydrates and various types of organic compounds are present in these growth supplements. These components have the potential to play a significant role in the development and creation of culture. Now more research is needed to figure out which factors are responsible for the organic additives’ promoter effect.

scholarly journals A Review on Asymbiotic Seed Germination in Orchids through Plant Tissue Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Paramanik ◽  
◽  
Dipak Kar ◽  
Subrata Raha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Commercially Important

Orchid seeds are very small, dust like in appearance, fusiform in shape, lacking endosperm and have undifferentiated embryo covered by transparent seed coat. Mycorrhizal association is required for seed germination of naturally growing orchids. In this symbiotic association, orchid species are dependent on mycorrhizal association for supply of mineral nutrients. In in-vitro condition, such demand of minerals may be compensated by external supply of sugar and mineral nutrients that are required for seed germination of orchid. Several orchids are responded by this asymbiotic seed culture and have commercial importance. Therefore, formulation of efficient in-vitro protocol is important for commercially important orchid species as well as endangered orchid species for conservation. This review paper is focused on various aspects of asymbiotic seed germination of orchids and the role of organic additives in successful seed germination.

scholarly journals Integrin α3β1 in hair bulge stem cells modulates CCN2 expression and promotes skin tumorigenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. e202000645
Author(s):  
Veronika Ramovs ◽  
Ana Krotenberg Garcia ◽  
Ji-Ying Song ◽  
Iris de Rink ◽  
Maaike Kreft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Matricellular Protein ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Skin Tumorigenesis ◽  
Cells Of Origin ◽  
Integrin Α3β1

Epidermal-specific deletion of integrin α3β1 almost completely prevents the formation of papillomas during 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (DMBA/TPA) two-stage skin carcinogenesis. This dramatic decrease in tumorigenesis was thought to be due to an egress and premature differentiation of α3β1-depleted hair bulge (HB) stem cells (SCs), previously considered to be the cancer cells-of-origin in the DMBA/TPA model. Using a reporter mouse line with inducible deletion of α3β1 in HBs, we show that HB SCs remain confined to their niche regardless of the presence of α3β1 and are largely absent from skin tumors. However, tumor formation was significantly decreased in mice deficient for α3β1 in HB SCs. RNA sequencing of HB SCs isolated from short-term DMBA/TPA–treated skin showed α3β1-dependent expression of the matricellular protein connective tissue growth factor (CCN2), which was confirmed in vitro, where CCN2 promoted colony formation and 3D growth of transformed keratinocytes. Together, these findings show that HBs contribute to skin tumorigenesis in an α3β1-dependent manner and suggest a role of HB SCs in creating a permissive environment for tumor growth through the modulation of CCN2 secretion.

scholarly journals In vitro Multiplication of Iraca palm (Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón)

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 9039-9046
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Alberto Hoyos Sanchez ◽  
Diego Chicaíza Finley ◽  
Juan Carlos Zambrano Arteaga
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Commercial Interest ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón is a plant that belongs to the Cyclanthaceae family. Its commercial interest is related to the production of fibers for the manufacture of handicrafts, mainly the Panama hat, so it is important to study its propagation. This investigation aimed to determine the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in the formation of new shoots and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) in the formation of roots, as well as the adaptation in greenhouse conditions of Carludovica palmata Ruíz & Pavón. In order to find the optimal multiplication rate, 0.5 cm length explants were planted in glass jars with 15 mL of semisolid MS with different concentrations of BAP and cultured under in vitro conditions for 90 days. The multiplication parameters in this stage were number of shoots per explant (NSE), length of shoots (LS), and length of roots (LR) as multiplication parameters. In a similar procedure, the number of roots per explant (NRE), length of roots (LR), and length of plantlets (LP) was determined using different concentrations of NAA. Finally, different substrates were evaluated for the adaptation of plantlets of C. palmata produced in vitro, under greenhouse conditions for 80 days. The highest multiplication rate (17±3 shoots per explant) was obtained with 2.0 mg L-1 of BAP. Root formation occurred efficiently in all treatments, without significant statistical differences between them. On the other hand, the use of substrate soil-t15 was the best treatment for the growth of C. palmata under greenhouse conditions. From the results obtained, it is concluded that C. palmata can be efficiently multiplied under in vitro conditions and did not present problems during the in vivo rooting process.

scholarly journals Organic growth supplement stimulants for in vitro multiplication of Cymbidium pendulum (Roxb.) Sw.

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranjeet. Kaur ◽  
K.K. Bhutani
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Regeneration Frequency ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Growth Supplement ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Number Of Shoots

The aim of this study was to establish protocol for in vitro regeneration and multiplication of Cymbidium pendulum through protocorms, as explants using organic growth supplements such as banana homogenate, coconut water, and peptone. The effect of growth supplements was tested on multiplication (neo-formation of secondary protocorms from primary protocorms) of protocorms, development of maximum number of shoots and early plantlets in M medium (Mitra medium). Though the explants regenerated in the absence or presence of growth adjuncts in the medium; the regeneration frequency was found significantly higher in organic growth supplement-enriched medium than control. The protocorm segments (primary) regenerated into protocorm-like bodies (secondary protocorms) which eventually differentiated into shoots; no intervening callus stage was observed. Among the treatments, the highest regeneration frequency, robust shoots and root formation was recorded in banana homogenate (50 g/l); the roots were lengthy, thick, and covered all over the surface by root hairs. Higher concentration of banana homogenate (75 g/l) proved detrimental for the survival of cultures; the protocorm-like bodies showed necrosis and they perished soon after. Coconut water (10%) and peptone (2 g/l) supplemented medium proved optimum for profuse multiplication of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) their early growth into plantlets. The treatments with organic growth supplements gave better and early plantlets as compared to control. Among these tested organic growth supplements, peptone (2 g/l) and coconut water (10%) proved beneficial for multiplication of regenerants, maximum number of shoots formation and early plantlet development; whereas banana homogenate (50 g/l) favoured the highest regeneration frequency and healthy growth of plantlets.

scholarly journals 114 In Vitro Multiplication of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as Affected by the Microcutting Characteristics

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 461B-461
Author(s):  
Gerson R. de L. Fortes ◽  
Rosilene França ◽  
Adriana C. M. Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Growth Room

This work was carried out in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of Embrapa Temperate Climate aiming to maximize the protocol for in vitro culture of potato cv. Baronesa. The treatments consisted of multiplication of microcuttings with one, two, or three buds with/without leaves and originated from different regions of the shoot: apical, middle, or basal. Each treatment was repeated five times with each replication composed of five explants that were inoculated in 250-ml flasks with 40 ml of the medium containing MS salts and vitamins added to: sucrose (30 g·L-1), myo-inositol (100 mg·L-1), agar (6 g·L-1). The pH was adjusted to 5.6 before autoclaving. After inoculation, the flasks remained in a growth room at 25 ± 2 °C, 16-h photoperiod, and 19 μmol·m-2·s-1 light intensity provided by cool-white fluorescents lamps. Observations were done every 5 days. Final evaluation was performed after 30 days. It was observed that basal microcuttings provided longer shoots and that microcuttings with leaves bore the best ones. This kind of explant also favored a higher number of shoots, axilary buds, and better multiplication rate. The presence of leaves in the microcutting is important when basal explants are used once it can improve the number of axillary buds and the rate of multiplication. The higher the number of buds in the microcutting the lower the rate of multiplication. The in vitro multiplication of potato could be improved by using one-leaf bud basal microcutting.

scholarly journals Neuronal CTGF/CCN2 negatively regulates myelination in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex

2017 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Ercan ◽  
Juliette M. Han ◽  
Alessia Di Nardo ◽  
Kellen Winden ◽  
Min-Joon Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Genetic Deletion ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Development ◽  
Therapeutic Avenue

Disruption of myelination during development has been implicated in a range of neurodevelopmental disorders including tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). TSC patients with autism display impairments in white matter integrity. Similarly, mice lacking neuronal Tsc1 have a hypomyelination phenotype. However, the mechanisms that underlie these phenotypes remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that neuronal TSC1/2 orchestrates a program of oligodendrocyte maturation through the regulated secretion of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). We characterize oligodendrocyte maturation both in vitro and in vivo. We find that neuron-specific Tsc1 deletion results in an increase in CTGF secretion that non–cell autonomously stunts oligodendrocyte development and decreases the total number of oligodendrocytes. Genetic deletion of CTGF from neurons, in turn, mitigates the TSC-dependent hypomyelination phenotype. These results show that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in neurons regulates CTGF production and secretion, revealing a paracrine mechanism by which neuronal signaling regulates oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination in TSC. This study highlights the role of mTOR-dependent signaling between neuronal and nonneuronal cells in the regulation of myelin and identifies an additional therapeutic avenue for this disease.

EFFECT OF DECAPITATION AND SIZE OF EXPLANTS ON IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION RATE OF GLOBE ARTICHOKE

2013 ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. El Boullani ◽  
A. Elmoslih ◽  
A. El Finti ◽  
A. El Mousadik ◽  
M.A. Serghini
Keyword(s):  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Globe Artichoke ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication
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