scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Effect of Stevia and Neem Based Herbal Formulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 150-160
Author(s):  
S. Selvapriya ◽  
R. Priyadharshini ◽  
S. Rajeshkumar ◽  
Palati Sinduja
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Nanotechnology is being used in developing countries to treat diseases and prevent health issues. Stevia, conjointly stated as Stevia rebaudiana member of the chrysanthemum family, a subgroup of the Asteraceae family. Azadirachta indica is a native tree to Asian nations. Azadirachta indica could facilitate the fight against plaque buildup and stop periodontal disease. Applied science in drugs needs the employment of nanoparticles to transmit the drug, heat, lightweight, or alternative substances to specific cell sorts like cancer cells. Aim: In this present investigation, Stevia and Neem-based plant extract was prepared and analyzed its anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects. Materials and Methods: The plant extract was prepared and an anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effect was done using a UV-Beckmann spectrometer. The anti-inflammatory activity of nanoparticles prepared using plant extract was investigated by albumin denaturation assay. The results of the test were described as the standard deviation and analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. For the cytotoxic activity, wells are used, wherein the mortality rate of the shrimps was estimated when the plant extract mediated of nanoparticles of different concentrations was added. Results: The nanoparticles synthesized using the stevia and neem extract showed the highest absorbance at a concentration of 50µL (90%) when subjected to inhibition of albumin denaturation assay to check for its anti-inflammatory activity. Brine shrimp lethality was done and the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was found to be increasing with increasing concentration of the administered nanoparticles. Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of Neem and Stevia mediated nanoparticles showed a successful outcome in both the assays.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Mouthwash Prepared from Azadirachta indica and Stevia rebaudiana Extract– An In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Bipin Maheshwaran ◽  
R. Priyadharshini ◽  
S. Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Palati Sinduja
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Plaque Development ◽  
Mouth Wash

Introduction: Mouth wash are generally utilized as subordinates to oral cleanliness and in the conveyance of dynamic specialists to the teeth and gums. These flushes can impact plaque development and adjust the course of gingival irritation. Azadirachta indica (Neem) was utilized to treat different skin illnesses, as a disinfectant substance and as a natural mouthwash. Stevia rebaudiana can inhibit the growth of microorganisms that are responsible for dental caries. Aim: This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity from Neem and Stevia based Mouthwash. Materials and Methods: Plant extract was prepared and an antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect was done by considering various parameters. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles prepared using plant extract was investigated and the results of the test were described as the standard deviation and analyzed. For the cytotoxic activity, an ELISA plate was used, wherein the mortality rate of the nauplii was estimated with the plant extract mediated nanoparticles at different concentrations. Data’s were statistically analyzed by Spearman correlation through SPSS version 23. Results: Anti-microbial activity showed positive correlation with increase in concentration (r=1). The cytotoxic activity showed negative correlation with the number of live nauplii decreased in the second day when compared to the first day suggesting that the extract has potent cytotoxic activity (r=-1). Conclusion: Neem and Stevia extract helped us to detect the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effect on the various species in different concentration levels. The study needs to be evaluated further for isolating the possible compounds to test the effectiveness of antimicrobial activity in the oral cavity of the human body to prevent various diseases.

Phytochemical screening, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf extracts from Lawsonia inermis of Indian origin to explore its potential for medicinal uses

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju Manuja ◽  
Nitu Rathore ◽  
Shalki Chaudhary ◽  
Balvinder Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Lawsonia inermis Linn popularly known as the Henna has played an important role in ayurvedic or natural herbal medicines. The presence of phyto-constituents in henna, that may affect the animal or human health adversely, need to be elucidated for L. inermis Linn species grown in India. Introduction: Introduction: The aim of this research was to perform phytochemical, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory studies to understand the potential of leaves of Lawsonia inermis of Indian origin to provide a way forward for therapeutic use in medicine. Methods: We assessed the phytochemical profile for presence of phyto-constituents (alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, proteins/amino acids and gums/mucilage) from various extracts of the plant leaves’. The extracts were further purified by column chromatography for the isolation of plant constituents and monitored by TLC, analyzed by Fourier transform infrared FT-IR spectroscopy, H1NMR, and GC-MS analysis. Fractions were assessed for cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties at various concentrations. We assessed the anti-inflammatory activity by nitric oxide production in various leaf extracts determined by Griess assay. Results: All the spectral results suggest that the compounds from the extract contain aromatic nucleus and OH group along with methoxy group, allyl as well as vinyl group. Fractions of chloroform/methanolic (7:3) leaf extract of Lawsonia inermis confirmed the presence of the two constituents i.e. fraxetin and 1(3H)-isobenzofuranone. We observed significant difference in cytotoxicity at higher concentrations in methanol and chloroform:methanol (8:2) leaf extracts (p>0.05), we could not find any significant differences amongst other leaf extracts at different concentrations. Some leaf extracts have potential cytotoxic activity on vero cells. Reducing the chloroform concentration during extraction decreases the cytotoxic effect on the cells. The nitric oxide levels decreased from 1000 µg/ml concentration to lower concentrations with varying degree. Overall the highest nitric oxide production by CHCl3 (70%)/ MeOH (30%) was observed amongst various fractions at different concentrations. Conclusion: The phytochemical, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory studies indicating the potential of leaves of the plant to provide a way further for their use in medicine. Fraxetin 1(3H)-isobenzofuranone structures were confirmed in fractions of CHCl3 (70%)/ MeOH (30%) extract as observed as a potent constituents. Some leaf extracts have potential cytotoxic activity on vero cells. Reducing the chloroform concentration during extraction decreases the cytotoxic effect on the cells.The cytotoxicity studies indicates the presence of cytotoxic compounds in some of these extracts, warranting research for fabrication of suitable formulations comprising these constituents to reduce its dose/toxicity for the use of beneficial effects of the plant components.

scholarly journals In vitro Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Symplocos racemosa Using Protein Denaturation Assay

2021 ◽  
pp. 715-720
Author(s):  
K. Janani ◽  
R. V. Geetha ◽  
S. Rajeshkumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Whatman Filter Paper ◽  
Traditional Drug ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Herbal Formulations ◽  
Symplocos Racemosa

Introduction: Recently there is considerable awareness and interest in the field of herbal medicine due to its natural origin and lesser side effects compared to Allopathy. Selected herbal plants like Symplocos racemosa, commonly known as lodhra, are found mainly in plains and lower hills of Bengal. The word ‘Lodhra’ means ‘Propitious’. Symplocos racemosa is an important Indian traditional drug used in many Ayurvedic and herbal formulations for treatment of liver as well as uterine disorders and leucorrhea. Ethnobotanical Literature indicates use of Symplocos racemosa in treatment of eye disease, skin disease, ear disorders, liver and bowel complaints, tumours,uterine disorders, spongy and bleeding gums, asthma, fever, snakebite, gonorrhoea and arthritis. Aim: To analyse the anti-inflammatory activity of Symplocos racemosa using protein denaturation assay. Materials and Methods: 2 g of Lodhra bark powder is mixed with 100 ml distilled water & boiled for 20 min at 50°C. The extract is filtered using whatman filter paper & concentrated to 10 ml.1 ml each of Bovine serum albumin is added to various fixations of plant extract (10μL - 50 μL) and the anti - inflammatory activity was evaluated by analysing the percentage inhibition. Results: From this study, it is evident that Lodhra has significant anti-inflammatory activity. At 50μℓ concentration, the plant extract shower higher anti- inflammatory activity of 76%. Conclusion: Symplocos racemosa extract has proved to exhibit effective anti- inflammatory activity. Further studies have to be carried to analyse the other properties of this herb, which can be incorporated successfully in the pharmaceutical industry.

Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized novel benzoxazole derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansi L. Patil ◽  
Swati S. Gaikwad ◽  
Naresh J. Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Introduction: Pain is an immunological response to any infection or inflammation and long term use of pain management therapy includes use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which is associated with occurrence of toxicity as well as gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, the investigation of new analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents remains a major challenge. Aims: The objective of this research study is to undergo the pharmacological evaluation of newly synthesized benzoxazole derivatives. These novel derivatives were evaluated for anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity using various in-vivo and ex-vivo methods. Methods: The study was carried out using swiss mice (adult male) weighing between 20gm to 30gm and were divided into groups containing (n=6) six animals in each group for treatment. The anti-nociceptive activity was performed by using 0.1ml of 0.6% v/v acetic acid as nociception inducer and evaluated by the diminished number of abdominal writhes. The anti-inflammatory activity was done using 0.1 ml of 2% w/v Carrageenan induced paw edema method was observed which was evaluated by calculating the percent maximum possible effect. Histopathological evaluation and cytotoxic activity of the compounds was carried out. Results: The results of this research study revealed that synthesized derivatives (a, b, c, d and e) showed promising anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect along significantly higher cytotoxic activity in MCF-7 cell lines. Conclusion: It can be concluded that synthesized derivatives (a, b, c, d and e) have potential anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect along with cytotoxic activity and certain modification in structure may result in potent activity.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity to Five Cancer Cell Lines of the Respiratory Tract System and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Thai Traditional Remedy

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1984581
Author(s):  
Thana Juckmeta ◽  
Weerachai Pipatrattanaseree ◽  
Wuttichai Jaidee ◽  
Bhanuz Dechayont ◽  
Jitpisute Chunthorng-Orn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Traditional Remedy ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Minor Compounds

A Thai traditional remedy called Benchalokawichian (BLW) consists of 5 plant species, Ficus racemosa, Capparis micracantha, Clerodendrum petasites, Harrisonia perforata, and Tiliacora triandra. It has long been used in Thai traditional medicine to reduce fever in respiratory tract infection, but there is no report on either cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines of the respiratory tract system or anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, the objectives of this research were to investigate the cytotoxic activity of the ethanolic and water extracts of BLW, its single plant ingredients and its isolated compounds against 5 cancer cell lines of the respiratory tract, by SRB assay. Anti-inflammatory activity of all extracts and compounds was also tested by using lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells. The main compounds were isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography and compared with BLW and plant ingredients. A major compound of BLW and H. perforata ethanolic extracts is perforatic acid, which inhibited the growth of 2 lung cancer cell lines, A549 and H226, with IC50 values of 6.7 and 13.2 µg/mL. The ethanolic extract of BLW and T. triandra showed cytotoxic activity against all cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 10.1 to 45.2 µg/mL. In contrast, all EtOH extracts showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity, but the water extract had no inhibitory effect on either activity. Pectolinarigenin and O-methyllaloptaeroxyrin, 2 minor compounds, exhibited NO inhibitory effect with IC50 values of 7.1 and 7.9 µg/mL, respectively, whereas perforatic acid was inactive (>50 µg/mL). Moreover, pectolinarigenin showed high cytotoxic activity against all cancer cell lines of the respiratory system with IC50 values in the range of 1.9 to 9.1 µg/mL. As a result, these 2 minor compounds can be used as markers for quality control of BLW for anti-inflammatory activity. Perforatic acid and pectolinarigenin are of interest for further study on their cytotoxic mechanism. Remarkably, T. triandra, one of the plant components of BLW, is possibly the source of the active cytotoxic compounds.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Triterpenes Isolated fromProtium paniculatumOil-Resins

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia D. O. de Almeida ◽  
Ana Paula de A. Boleti ◽  
André Luis Rüdiger ◽  
Geane A. Lourenço ◽  
Valdir Florêncio da Veiga Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Role ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenes ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rats And Mice

Protiumis the main genus of the Burseraceae family and one of the most common genera in South America, with an important species called “breu.” Gum and oil-resins of this species are used as tonic and stimulant and for the treatment of ulcers and inflammation. The present study aims to isolate and investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of triterpene compounds isolated from oil-resin ofProtium paniculatum. The pentacyclic triterpenesα,β-amyrin, acetylatedα,β-amyrin,α,β-amyrone, and brein/maniladiol did not alter the viability of murine J774 macrophages (IC50> 20 µg/mL), with the exception of mixture of brein/maniladiol which showed moderate cytotoxic activity. Also it was observed that compounds at 10 µg/mL inhibited more than 80% of production of NO•, although onlyα,β-amyrin was able to inhibit the production of TNF-α(52.03±2.4%). The compounds inhibited the production of IL-6 and induced the production of IL-10 in murine J774 macrophages stimulated by LPS.α,β-Amyrone inhibited the expression of COX-2 and also inhibited the formation of paw or ear edema in rats and mice, having a quick and immediate effect. This study may provide the basis for future investigations on the therapeutic role ofα,β-amyrone in treating inflammation.

scholarly journals Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity ofBaccharis dracunculifoliain the Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid Model of Rat Colitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Helena Cestari ◽  
Jairo Kennup Bastos ◽  
Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Glutathione Depletion ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Brain Membrane ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Improve Health

Baccharis dracunculifoliaDC (Asteraceae) is a Brazilian medicinal plant popularly used for its antiulcer and anti-inflammatory properties. This plant is the main botanical source of Brazilian green propolis, a natural product incorporated into food and beverages to improve health. The present study aimed to investigate the chemical profile and intestinal anti-inflammatory activity ofB. dracunculifoliaextract on experimental ulcerative colitis induced by trinitrobenzenosulfonic acid (TNBS). Colonic damage was evaluated macroscopically and biochemically through its evaluation of glutathione content and its myeloperoxidase (MPO) and alkaline phosphatase activities. Additionalin vitroexperiments were performed in order to test the antioxidant activity by inhibition of induced lipid peroxidation in the rat brain membrane. Phytochemical analysis was performed by HPLC using authentic standards. The administration of plant extract (5 and 50 mg kg−1) significantly attenuated the colonic damage induced by TNBS as evidenced both macroscopically and biochemically. This beneficial effect can be associated with an improvement in the colonic oxidative status, since plant extract prevented glutathione depletion, inhibited lipid peroxidation and reduced MPO activity. Caffeic acid,p-coumaric acid, aromadendrin-4-O-methyl ether, 3-prenyl-p-coumaric acid, 3,5-diprenyl-p-coumaric acid and baccharin were detected in the plant extract.

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