scholarly journals Screening of chilli pepper genotypes against anthracnose (Colletotrichum brevisporum)

2020 ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Leonor Cristina Silva Souza ◽  
Luiz Alberto Guimarães Assis ◽  
Aricléia de Moraes Catarino ◽  
Rogério Eiji Hanada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Chilli Pepper ◽  
Plant Growth Habit ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Colletotrichum Brevisporum

Anthracnose is the most important disease of chili pepper pimenta-de-cheiro (Capsicum chinense Jacq.). This species is widely cultivated in dryland areas in the Amazon, presenting high genetic diversity. Therefore, it presents a high potential for use in breeding. The objective of this study was to select pepper genotypes with potential resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum brevisporum). For this purpose, ripe fruits of pepper were acquired from the producing farms in the municipalities of Iranduba, Manacapuru, Rio Preto da Eva and Presidente Figueiredo. The experiments were conducted in seedlings (Phase I) and in mature and immature fruits (Phase II). The evaluation of the disease severity was performed using a scale of scores. The morphoagronomic characterization of the genotypes considered the fruits in the immature and mature stages and plant growth habit. The injured areas in the immature fruits ranged from 0.3 to 9.7 cm2 and in the mature areas, it ranged from 0.2 to 9.9 cm2. The genotypes RPE41 and MPU29 indicated resistance to anthracnose in both stages. The morphoagronomic characterization of the fruits revealed variability for mass (5.58 to 13.74 g), length [C] (4.08 to 8.16 cm), diameter [D] (1.74 to 2.54 cm), L/D ratio (1.88 to 4.70) and color of the fruit.

scholarly journals Subtype Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium felis in Cats in Guangdong and Shanghai, China

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jiayu Li ◽  
Fuxian Yang ◽  
Ruobing Liang ◽  
Sheng Guo ◽  
Yaqiong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gp60 Gene ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subtyping Tool

Cryptosporidiumfelis is an important cause of feline and human cryptosporidiosis. However, the transmission of this pathogen between humans and cats remains controversial, partially due to a lack of genetic characterization of isolates from cats. The present study was conducted to examine the genetic diversity of C. felis in cats in China and to assess their potential zoonotic transmission. A newly developed subtyping tool based on a sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene was employed to identify the subtypes of 30 cat-derived C. felis isolates from Guangdong and Shanghai. Altogether, 20 C. felis isolates were successfully subtyped. The results of the sequence alignment showed a high genetic diversity, with 13 novel subtypes and 2 known subtypes of the XIXa subtype family being identified. The known subtypes were previously detected in humans, while some of the subtypes formed well-supported subclusters with human-derived subtypes from other countries in a phylogenetic analysis of the gp60 sequences. The results of this study confirmed the high genetic diversity of the XIXa subtype family of C. felis. The common occurrence of this subtype family in both humans and cats suggests that there could be cross-species transmission of C. felis.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Isolates from Traditional Montenegrin Brine Cheese

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1612
Author(s):  
Werner Ruppitsch ◽  
Andjela Nisic ◽  
Patrick Hyden ◽  
Adriana Cabal ◽  
Jasmin Sucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Flavor Development ◽  
Genomic Characterization

In many dairy products, Leuconostoc spp. is a natural part of non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) accounting for flavor development. However, data on the genomic diversity of Leuconostoc spp. isolates obtained from cheese are still scarce. The focus of this study was the genomic characterization of Leuconostoc spp. obtained from different traditional Montenegrin brine cheeses with the aim to explore their diversity and provide genetic information as a basis for the selection of strains for future cheese production. In 2019, sixteen Leuconostoc spp. isolates were obtained from white brine cheeses from nine different producers located in three municipalities in the northern region of Montenegro. All isolates were identified as Ln. mesenteroides. Classical multilocus sequence tying (MLST) and core genome (cg) MLST revealed a high diversity of the Montenegrin Ln. mesenteroides cheese isolates. All isolates carried genes of the bacteriocin biosynthetic gene clusters, eight out of 16 strains carried the citCDEFG operon, 14 carried butA, and all 16 isolates carried alsS and ilv, genes involved in forming important aromas and flavor compounds. Safety evaluation indicated that isolates carried no pathogenic factors and no virulence factors. In conclusion, Ln. mesenteroides isolates from Montenegrin traditional cheeses displayed a high genetic diversity and were unrelated to strains deposited in GenBank.

Molecular characterization of echovirus 13 uncovering high genetic diversity and identification of new genotypes in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Shahzad Shaukat ◽  
Mehar Angez ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Masroor Alam ◽  
Salmaan Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
High Genetic Diversity

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Prostrate/Erect Growth Habit in Winter Durum Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Marone ◽  
Monica Rodriguez ◽  
Sergio Saia ◽  
Roberto Papa ◽  
Domenico Rau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Plant Growth Habit ◽  
Tiller Angle

By selecting for prostrate growth habit of the juvenile phase of the cycle, durum wheat cultivars could be developed with improved competitive ability against weeds, and better soil coverage to reduce the soil water lost by evaporation. A panel of 184 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) genotypes, previously genotyped with DArT-seq markers, was used to perform association mapping analysis of prostrate/erect growth habit trait and to identify candidate genes. Phenotypic data of plant growth habit were recorded during three consecutive growing seasons (2014–2016), two different growth conditions (field trial and greenhouse) and two sowing periods (autumn and spring). Genome-wide association study revealed significant marker-trait associations, twelve of which were specific for a single environment/year, 4 consistent in two environments, and two MTAs for the LSmeans were identified across all environments, on chromosomes 2B and 5A. The co-localization of some MTAs identified in this study with known vernalization and photoperiod genes demonstrated that the sensitivity to vernalization and photoperiod response are actually not only key components of spring/winter growth habit, but they play also an important role in defining the magnitude of the tiller angle during the tillering stage. Many zinc-finger transcription factors, such as C2H2 or CCCH-domain zinc finger proteins, known to be involved in plant growth habit and in leaf angle regulation were found as among the most likely candidate genes. The highest numbers of candidate genes putatively related to the trait were found on chromosomes 3A, 4B, 5A and 6A. Moreover, a bioinformatic approach has been considered to search for functional ortholog genes in wheat by using the sequence of rice and barley tiller angle-related genes. The information generated could be used to improve the understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the prostrate/erect growth habit in wheat and the adaptive potential of durum wheat under resource-limited environmental conditions.

Plant growth habit, root architecture traits and tolerance to low soil phosphorus in an Andean bean population

Euphytica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Cichy ◽  
Sieglinde S. Snapp ◽  
Matthew W. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Growth Habit

scholarly journals Genes controlling plant growth habit in Leymus (Triticeae): maize barren stalk1 (ba1), rice lax panicle, and wheat tiller inhibition (tin3) genes as possible candidates

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parminder Kaur ◽  
Steven R. Larson ◽  
B. Shaun Bushman ◽  
Richard R.-C. Wang ◽  
Ivan W. Mott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Plant Growth Habit

In vitro culture variation of wheat and rye caused by genes affecting plant growth habit in vivo

Euphytica ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Ben Amer ◽  
A. J. Worland ◽  
A. B�rner
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Plant Growth Habit

scholarly journals Distribution and genetic diversity of Enterovirus G (EV-G) on pig farms in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taveesak Janetanakit ◽  
Supassama Chaiyawong ◽  
Kamonpan Charoenkul ◽  
Ratanaporn Tangwangvivat ◽  
Ekkapat Chamsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predominant Genotype ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Pig Farms

Abstract Background Enterovirus G (EV-G) causes subclinical infections and is occasionally associated with diarrhea in pigs. In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of EV-G in pigs from 73 pig farms in 20 provinces of Thailand from December 2014 to January 2018. Results Our results showed a high occurrence of EV-Gs which 71.6 % of fecal and intestinal samples (556/777) and 71.2 % of pig farms (52/73) were positive for EV-G by RT-PCR specific to the 5’UTR. EV-Gs could be detected in all age pig groups, and the percentage positivity was highest in the fattening group (89.7 %), followed by the nursery group (89.4 %). To characterize the viruses, 34 EV-G representatives were characterized by VP1 gene sequencing. Pairwise sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed that Thai-EV-Gs belonged to the EV-G1, EV-G3, EV-G4, EV-G8, EV-G9 and EV-G10 genotypes, among which the EV-G3 was the predominant genotype in Thailand. Co-infection with different EV-G genotypes or with EV-Gs and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) or porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) on the same pig farms was observed. Conclusions Our results confirmed that EV-G infection is endemic in Thailand, with a high genetic diversity of different genotypes. This study constitutes the first report of the genetic characterization of EV-GS in pigs in Thailand.

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