Ficções históricas de Timor-Leste: tempo, violência e gênero na produção fílmica pós-independência

Afro-Ásia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel De Lucca
Keyword(s):  
Historical Imagination ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
De Se ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Portuguese Colonialism

<p class="PadroA">Este artigo discute a produção fílmica sobre Timor-Leste em conexão direta com sua história política. Após situar a linguagem audiovisual no contexto do colonialismo português e da ocupação indonésia, o trabalho examina a produção no pós-independência, propondo uma leitura de contraponto entre três ficções históricas premiadas que abordam eventos críticos da luta de libertação: <em>Answered by Fire</em> (2006), <em>Balibo</em> (2009) e <em>A guerra da Beatriz</em> (2013). Especial atenção é dada às diferentes estratégias narrativas de construção de tempo, violência e gênero, categorias-chave que servem como guia na análise. Estabelecendo diálogos com outras criações contemporâneas e indagando sobre os sentidos de se transformar a história da luta de libertação em filmes de ficção, o artigo percorre importantes momentos do nascimento da nação e também do cinema timorense, revelando enlaces profundos entre a produção audiovisual e a imaginação histórica, não só nas projeções sobre o passado mas também em suas fantasias sobre o futuro.</p><p class="PadroA"><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Timor-Leste - cinema - história - violência - gênero.</p><p class="PadroA"> </p><p class="PadroA"><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong></p><p class="PadroA"><em>This article discusses the film production about Timor-Leste in direct connection with its political history. After placing the audiovisual language in the context of Portuguese colonialism and the Indonesian occupation, the post-independence production is analyzed and a counter-interpretation is proposed between three award-winning historical fictions that address critical events of the liberation struggle: Answered by Fire (2006), Balibo (2009), and A Guerra da Beatriz (2013). The different narrative strategies of construction of time, violence and gender are focused on as they serve as key categories for analysis. Dialoguing with other contemporary creations and inquiring about the meaning of transforming the history of the liberation struggle into fiction movies, this paper covers important moments of the nation’s birth and of Timorese cinema, revealing deep links between audiovisual production and historical imagination, not only in its projections about the past but also in its fantasies about the future.</em></p><p class="PadroA"><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Timor-Leste - cinema - history - violence - gender.</em></p>

The Oxford Handbook of American Women's and Gender History

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Women Of Color ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Gender History ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Power ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Free Women

The Oxford Handbook of American Women’s and Gender History boldly interprets the history of diverse women and how ideas about gender shaped their access to political and cultural power in North America over six centuries. In twenty-nine chapters, the Handbook showcases women’s and gender history as an integrated field with its own interpretation of the past, focused on how gender influenced people’s lives as they participated in migration, colonialism, trade, warfare, artistic production, and community building. Organized chronologically and thematically, the Handbook’s six sections allow readers to consider historical continuities of gendered power as well as individual innovations and ruptures in gender systems. Theoretically cutting edge, each chapter bursts with fascinating historical characters, from young Chicanas transforming urban culture, to free women of color forging abolitionist doctrines, to Asian migrant women defending the legitimacy of their marriages, to working-class activists mobilizing international movements, to transwomen fleeing incarceration. Together, their lives constitute the history of a continent. Leading scholars from multiple generations demonstrate the power of innovative research to excavate a history hidden in plain sight. Scrutinizing silences in the historical record, from the inattention to enslaved women’s opinions to the suppression of Indian women’s involvement in border diplomacy, the authors challenge the nature of historical evidence and remap what counts in our interpretation of the past. They demonstrate a way to extend this more capacious vision of history forward, setting an intellectual agenda informed by intersectionality and transnationalism, and new understandings of sexuality.

Re-membering Syria’s Traumatic Past: Gender, Poetics, and Loss in Manhal al-Sarrāj’s As a River Should

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 202-227
Author(s):  
Linda Istanbulli
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Traumatic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

Abstract In a system where the state maintains a monopoly over historical interpretation, aesthetic investigations of denied traumatic memory become a space where the past is confronted, articulated, and deemed usable both for understanding the present and imagining the future. This article focuses on Kamā yanbaghī li-nahr (As a river should) by Manhal al-Sarrāj, one of the first Syrian novels to openly break the silence on the “1982 Hama massacre.” Engaging the politics and poetics of trauma remembrance, al-Sarrāj places the traumatic history of the city of Hama within a longer tradition of loss and nostalgia, most notably the poetic genre of rithāʾ (elegy) and the subgenre of rithāʾ al-mudun (city elegy). In doing so, Kamā yanbaghī li-nahr functions as a literary counter-site to official histories of the events of 1982, where threatened memory can be preserved. By investigating the intricate relationship between armed conflict and gender, the novel mourns Hama’s loss while condemning the violence that engendered it. The novel also makes new historical interpretations possible by reproducing the intricate relationship between mourning, violence, and gender, dislocating the binary lines around which official narratives of armed conflicts are typically constructed.

scholarly journals The mnemonic transition: The rise of an anti-anticolonial memoryscape in Cape Verde

2020 ◽  
pp. 175069802092773
Author(s):  
Miguel Cardina ◽  
Inês Nascimento Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Political Transition ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
Global Expansion ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
Portuguese Colonialism

This article analyses the production of an anti-anticolonial memoryscape in Cape Verde in the 1990s. We will show how this process is bound up with a mnemonic transition that accompanied the economic and political transition taking place in the country and also marked by changes occurring internationally in the wake of the fall of the Berlin Wall and the global expansion of multipartidarism. Proposing a broadening of the concept of memoryscape, we will examine the alterations produced in the public space, in the national symbols and in the valorization of events and personages that have marked the history of the archipelago. We find that they produce a mnemopolitical imaginary different from the anticolonial legitimacy that had emerged from a victorious liberation struggle against Portuguese colonialism and became hegemonic immediately after independence (1975–1991).

scholarly journals Sfera symboliczna w procesach transformacyjnych krajów byłej Jugosławii. Pomniki

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Lilla Moroz-Grzelak
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
Independent State ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
Transformation Processes

The Symbolic Sphere in the Transformation Processes of the former Yugoslavia. Monuments The article focuses on the ways of treating the monumental memory of the past in the states that were established after the disintegration of Yugoslavia. These examples, which are not exhaustive, show that the process of transformation in the symbolic sphere does not create a uniform image in all countries. It oscillates between the destruction of the monuments of the past period in Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, but also the different intensity of the events of the tragic war of the last decade of the 20th century. Breaking such a description, Serbia protects the monuments of the Yugoslavian era, while at the same time recalling the memory of the Serbian liberation struggle in the anti-Turkish uprising of 1804. The protection of the monuments of the NOB (struggle for national liberation) period in Montenegro not only proves the connection with the federal Yugoslavia, but also reflects a kind of Yugonostalgia. In turn, the monuments of this period on Macedonian territory, preserved in various states, gave way to a “flood of monuments” referring to the ancient and medieval history of this land. The changes in the monumental sphere in all countries, however, prove the willingness to justify the ideological existence of independent state entities embedded in the native tradition confirming their sovereignty.

scholarly journals The Nation before Taste: The Challenges of American Culinary History

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Haley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Food History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Culinary History ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Food is material and familiar, and because it is, we are often overconfident about our ability to understand the culinary past. It is easy to believe that if we can discover the recipe for some forgotten dish, the history of the dish becomes intelligible. When it does not, it tempts those who consume culinary history to impose modern sensibilities on our predecessors. “The Nation before Taste” argues that historians and museum curators must be especially vigilant when presenting the history of food. Reviewing a series of historical challenges that stemmed from studying the United States in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the author suggests three strategies for grounding food history in the past: recognizing that taste is constructed and temporal; engaging with material and social contexts, especially physiology, class, and gender; and admitting to our audiences that not all culinary mysteries have immediate or simple answers.

scholarly journals Black Bodies White Culture: A Black Feminist [Re]Construction of Race and Gender in Morrison's Paradise

2020 ◽  
Vol V (IV) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Ahmad ◽  
Fatima Saleem ◽  
Ali Usman Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Ecriture Feminine ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Gender

'This article intends to explore and expose through the analysis of Morrison's Paradise how the Afro American female writers [re]construct the potential of Afro American ecriture feminine to seek the true freedom and empowerment of black women by appealing them to 'write-through bodies'. To achieve this purpose, this article articulates its theoretical agenda, through the exploration of the work of the outstanding, widely acknowledged award-winning, English speaking Afro American female writer: Toni Morrison. Though it aims to highlight the significance and contribution of the Afro American female novelists towards broadening the frontiers of 'ecriture feminine', it does not aim to offer the generalized history of women writing in Afro American literature. It seeks to propose alternative ways of informed analysis, grounded in discourse and Feminist theories, to evaluate Toni Morrison's contribution to 'ecriture feminine'.

A Haunted Landscape and Its Drained Souls

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-267
Author(s):  
Çiğdem Atakuman
Keyword(s):  
World Politics ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Landscape Heritage ◽  
Heritage Discourse ◽  
Building Project

Although the ultimate aim of the dominant heritage discourse and practice is to preserve culture in a way that contributes to peace and human prosperity, its paradoxical outcome has been to erase the variety of ways that people can relate to the past and to normalize ethnic and religious conflicts as well as globally deepening inequalities of class, race and gender. In this context, searching for civilization in the past has become an increasingly irrational activity, specifically in geopolitically important zones such as the Middle East and Turkey, where millions of immigrants, along with numerous minorities and economically impoverished populations, are currently denied access to the living standards of modern civilization. This paper aims to highlight these paradoxes inherent in the dominant heritage discourse and practice through the example of a recent heritage awareness-raising and capacity-building project, Safeguarding Archaeological Assets of Turkey (SARAT). Furthermore, based on two ethnographic case studies of treasure hunting from Turkey and Greece, it is also argued that the past is embodied in our questions of who we are and in our difficulties of belonging in today’s social landscape. Heritage, therefore, will continue to be in conflict and danger, unless people come to understand that they relate to the past in a variety of ways as regards the very core of the thick history of world politics.

Feminist archaeologies and gender studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Esther Fries ◽  
Doris Gutsmiedl-Schümann
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Archaeology ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This chapter discusses the influence of feminist theories on theory construction, self-conception, and the public perception of archaeology and its various sub-disciplines. The theoretical foundations of gender archaeology are also considered. As there are many feminist theories as well as archaeologies, the chapter also summarizes what can be described as broad sets of overlaps, and to an extent simplifies the variety of different points of view. Feminist criticism as well as new questions, models, and methods based on it reached archaeology in the 1980s, later than the other humanities. Initial efforts could be classified as women’s studies that mostly aimed to balance a male-biased view of the past by adding a female view to it. Since the 1990s, the term ‘gender’ with its various aspects is the focus of discussion. The number, convertibility, and history of genders are also important topics. In addition, feminist archaeology focuses on archaeology’s own institutions, their social rules, their language, and their image, which are also linked to the gender expectations of the surrounding society. These aspects are also connected to the way images of the past are presented to the public, and which effects they have on gender discourses.

Women, Gender and Colonialism: Rethinking the History of the British Cape Colony and its Frontier Zones, c. 1806–70

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Women And Gender ◽  
Imperial History ◽  
Slave Rebellion ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colonial Encounter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Representations Of Women

That many studies in African and imperial history neglect women and gender is a commonplace. Using a case-study – the British Cape Colony and its frontier zones – this article attempts to demonstrate some consequences of this neglect. It argues, firstly, that it generates empirical inaccuracies as a result of the insignificance accorded to gender differentiation and to women themselves. Secondly, representations of women as unimportant, and men as ungendered, result in flawed analysis of both men and the colonial encounter. This view is argued in detail for two events: an 1825 slave rebellion and an 1856–7 millenarian movement. The article concludes that if gender and half the adult populace are marginalized in this way, the price is frequently interpretations which have limited purchase on the past.

STUDYING WOMEN AND GENDER IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Watson Andaya
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Complementary Relationship ◽  
Regional Characteristic ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

Historians of Southeast Asia have begun to consider the history of women and gender relatively recently, even though the complementary relationship between men and women has long been cited as a regional characteristic. In the last twenty years or so the field has witnessed some important advances, most notably in the study of the twentieth century but also in the preceding periods as well. Generalizations advanced in the past are now being refined through a number of new case studies. The second half of this essay, surveying recent publications primarily in English, focuses on pre-twentieth century history, identifying the areas where research has been most productive and suggesting lines of inquiry that might be profitable in the future.

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