Elevated Plus Maze and Y-Maze Behavioral Effects of Subchronic, Oral Low Dose Monosodium Glutamate in Swiss Albino Mice

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the attenuation of anxiety on acute administration of aqueous extract of Terminalia belerica fruit pulp (AETBFP) by using elevated plus maze test and dark and light arena models.Methods: Thirty Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups, Group I received vehicle (1% Gum acacia suspension, 3ml/kg, orally), Group II received standard drug Diazepam (1mg/kg, orally) and Group III, IV and V received AETBFP 9, 18 and 36 mg/kg, orally respectively. In elevated plus maze test, the mouse was placed on the central platform facing towards open arm. The percentage of time spent and frequency of entries and number of rears in open arm was counted for a period of 5 min. In dark and light arena, the time spent, number of entries and number of rears in light arena was counted for a period of 5 min. The mean±SEM values were calculated for each group. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s multiple comparison tests; p< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in anxiety was noted in experimental animals when given at a dose of AETBFP (36mg/kg), where number of entries and duration of stay in open arm and light arena increased in elevated plus maze and light and dark arena respectively when compared with control animals.Conclusions: Our study reveals that AETBFP at a dose of 36mg/kg has significant attenuation of anxiety in Swiss albino mice.

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Memory Enhancing Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Delonix regia Leaves against Scopolamine induced Amnesia in Swiss Albino Mice

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research ◽

10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v68i01.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Suwathi Ravichandar ◽

K.A.S. Mohammed Shafeeq ◽

S. Karpagam Kumara Sundari ◽

R. Senthamarai

Keyword(s):

Morris Water Maze ◽

Water Maze ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Delonix Regia ◽

Y Maze ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Dose Levels ◽

Memory Enhancing

In traditional system of medicine, various parts of Delonix regia have been used for many ailments. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the memory enhancing activity of Ethanolic Extract of Delonix regia leaves (EEDRL) against scopolamine induced amnesia by using Elevated Plus Maze, Y Maze and Morris Water Maze Models. Ethanolic Extract of Delonix regia was prepared then subjected to phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, phenols and saponins. Acute oral toxicity was performed as per OECD guidelines 423. Based on this, two dose levels of EEDRL were chosen as 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for pharmacological screening. Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups of six animals each. EEDRL at a dose levels 200 mg/kg & 400 mg/kg showed increase in inflexion ratio in Elevated Plus Maze, increase in Percentage alterations in Y Maze & decrease in Escape latency in Morris Water Maze Model compared to disease control in dose dependent manner which indicates that the EEDRL reverses the scopolamine induced amnesia in mice. The memory enhancing activity in mice might be due to facilitation of cholinergic transmission. Hence it can be concluded that Delonix regia appears to be a promising candidate for improving memory, and it would be worthwhile to explore the potential of this plant in the management of Alzheimer patient.

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THE ANXIOLYTIC ACTION OF NATURAL AND MICROPROPAGATED PLANT EXTRACTS OF BACOPA MONNIERI (L.) IN SWISS ALBINO MICE BY ELEVATED PLUS MAZE AND SWIM TEST

International Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Allied Sciences ◽

10.31032/ijbpas/2021/10.11.5706 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Bacopa Monnieri ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Swim Test ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Albino Mice ◽

Micropropagated Plant

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ANTIANXIETY EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FRUITS OF LIMONIA ACIDISSIMA IN SWISS ALBINO MICE

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine ◽

10.47760/ijpsm.2021.v06i08.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 104-117

Author(s):

Chouhan Vaishali ◽

Sujane Sandhya ◽

Bapna Rajendra ◽

Pyathi Asharani

Keyword(s):

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Anxiolytic Effect ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Active Constituent ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Albino Mice ◽

Limonia Acidissima

Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental ailments exhibited by human. It is characterized by motor tension, sympathetic hyperactivity and apprehension and vigilance syndromes. A part from very few chemical remedies available like benzodiazepine and serotonin modulators, not much treatment options are at hand that safely and effectively alleviate anxiety. The ethanol extract of the fruits of plant Limonia acidissima was evaluated for its anti-anxiety activity in swiss albino mice at dose 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight. Anti-anxiety was assessed by using elevated plus maze (EPM) and light and dark model methods. The ethanolic extract exhibit anxiolytic effect in experimental mice. So it is supports the use of Limonia acidissima as anxiolytic agents. Further investigation should be made to elucidate the active constituent of responsible for the activity.

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The antianxiety activity of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits in swiss albino mice by elevated plus maze

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20203617 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1337

Author(s):

Devesh D. Gosavi ◽

Amit S. Kamdi ◽

Suvarna M. Kalambe ◽

Pankaj N. Bohra

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Open Space ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

P Value ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽

Maze Test ◽

Withania Coagulans ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Albino Mice

Background: Several anti-anxiety drugs used today have the numerous side effects. The Withania coagulans a rare species, is not studied much for its actions on anxiety except in late seventies where it was explored for neuropsychopharmacology. Thus, it was thought commendable to explore the anti-anxiety activities of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits in swiss albino mice using elevated plus maze test.Methods: Elevated plus maze (EPM) test was used for evaluating the anti-anxiety action of Withania coagulans fruits’ aqueous extract. If the extract had anti-anxiety action, then it was expected that the time spent in the open space would increase and that in the closed space would decrease. This increase in time in the open space, if found statistically significant, was considered for antianxiety action.Results: There was statistically highly significant (p value <0.001) association observed between the aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits with antianxiety action in the swiss albino mice by elevated plus maze test.Conclusions: The aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits did prove the antianxiety effect in the swiss albino mice by elevated plus maze test.

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Evaluation of anti-anxiety activity of Mucuna pruriens

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v9i4-a.3420 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4-A) ◽

pp. 104-107

Author(s):

Shobhit Singh ◽

Pushpraj Gupta ◽

Rishikesh Gupta

Keyword(s):

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Standard Dose ◽

The Body ◽

Mucuna Pruriens ◽

Control Group ◽

Velvet Bean ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Albino Mice

Mucuna pruriens, also known as Velvet Bean, Mucuna pruriens has been used for centuries by Ayurvedic herbalists for overall wellness. Mucuna pruriens provides support for brain function, muscle health and libido. Mucuna pruriens has also been shown to have diuretic effects. It increases tissue resiliency and improves coordination. Mucuna can also increase testosterone levels, which in turn can lead to increased muscle mass and strength. It also supports the nervous and reproductive systems in the body. anti-oxidant activity of M. pruriens has been also demonstrated in vitro by its ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and reactive oxygen species. This is an excellent natural source of L-dopa and 5-hydroxy tryptophan (5-HT) Present study was designed to evaluate the anti-anxiety activity of Mucuna pruriens extract in Swiss albino mice. Three doses of Mucuna pruriens (100, 200,400 mg/kg, p.o.) and standard dose of Buspirone (5 mg/kg, i.p.) were used for evaluation of the anti-anxiety activity. The elevated plus maze (EPM) was used to take as a measure of antianxiety effect. Mucuna pruriens at the doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg significantly reduced the time spent and no. of entries in closed arm, increased the time spent and entries into open arm in elevated plus maze (p<0.05) as compared to control group. These results indicate that MP may be possesses antianxiety property. Keywords: Anxiety, Elevated plus maze, Mucuna pruriens, Buspirone, Swiss Albino Mice.

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Effect of Piper Betle Leaf Extracts on Enhancement of Memory and Learning in Rodents

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (34) ◽

pp. 2900-2904

Author(s):

Roopa Prasad Nayak ◽

Uttara Krishna ◽

Chaitra S.R.

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Albino Mice ◽

Memory Enhancing

BACKGROUND Medicinal plants have long been used for treating various diseases. Piper betle, an evergreen and perennial plant, is valued for its medicinal properties from ancient times. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of aqueous extract and ethanolic extract of Piper betle leaf on animal models of learning and memory and compare it with piracetam. METHODS Piper betle leaves aqueous extract (PBAE) and ethanolic extract (PBEE) were administered to the Swiss albino mice at a dose of 100, 200 mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days to evaluate their effect on spatial learning and memory using the Hebb– William’s maze (HWM) and elevated plus maze (EPM). The study group included a control (distilled water) and a standard nootropic agent (Piracetam 150 mg/kg). RESULTS One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey Kramer’s multiple comparison test (P = 0.05) were used for comparison of groups and tabulated as mean ± SE. PBEE at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg has shown significant memory enhancing activity, as indicated by a decrease in the TRC (time taken to reach the reward chamber) and TL (transfer latency) in both the screening tests of learning and memory. CONCLUSIONS PBEE possess potent memory enhancing property and can be considered as a potential drug for improving memory in the medical management of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. KEY WORDS Piper betle L, Swiss Albino Mice, Hebb–Williams Maze (HWM), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Piracetam.

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