Physicochemical and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Casiopeina III-Ea, a New Compound with Antineoplastic Activity

In the present work, the physicochemical (pka, intrinsic solubility, Log D distribution coefficient) and biopharmaceutical characterization (IC50 studies in MDCK cells) of Casiopeina III-Ea, a Cu (II) mixed chelate compound, was carried out. These parameters will tell us about the behaviour of Casiopeina III-Ea, as a new antineoplastic agent, in physiological media. This basic research of the Faculty of Chemistry of the UNAM, is directed towards the maturation of a technology, which consists of the pharmaceutical development of an antineoplastic copper coordination compound Casiopeina III-Ea. Resumen. En el presente trabajo se realizó la caracterización fisicoquímica (pka, solubilidad intrínseca, coeficiente de distribución Log D) y biofarmacéutica (estudios IC50 en células MDCK) de Casiopeina III-Ea, un nuevo compuesto quelato mixto de cobre (II). Estos parámetros nos dirán mucho sobre el comportamiento de Casiopeina III-Ea, como un nuevo agente antineoplásico, en medios fisiológicos. Esta investigación básica de la Facultad de Química de la UNAM, está dirigida hacia la maduración de una tecnología, que consiste en el desarrollo farmacéutico de un compuesto de coordinación antineoplásico de cobre Casiopeina III-Ea.

REPRODUCTIVE INDICATORS OF SWINE AND ECOLOGICAL MEANS IN SOME PATHOLOGIES

With an increase in the world's population, the demand for environmentally friendly food is increasing. In this regard, the main task of animal husbandry is to intensify the reproduction of the herd and the maximum possible increase in animal productivity. In this sector of agriculture, as in any industry, there are also various problems. One of these problems is that sows' productivity still averages around 40–60% of their potential This is due to the fact that modern industrial pig breeding technologies do not always take into account the physiological needs of the pig’s body, which leads to weakened immunity and an increase in the frequency of various pathologies. Therefore, to increase the overall resistance of the animal organism and prevent postpartum pathologies, various means are systematically used. The most commonly used drugs are etiotropic therapy. But almost all of them have certain disadvantages: toxic effects on the body, irritating effects on tissues, long-term effects and various side effects, antibiotic resistance. Therefore, veterinary specialists seek to limit the frequency of use of antibiotics by replacing them with drugs that do not potentiate antibiotic resistance, have immunostimulating properties and contain environmentally friendly and inexpensive components. Such environmentally friendly drugs are effective due to the fact that the micronutrients or extracts of medicinal plants contained in them have good antibacterial and bactericidal, and sometimes fungicidal, immunostimulating and antiviral properties. The use of such drugs, either alone or in combination with certain methods and drugs (synestrol, carbocholine, pituitrin, proserin, vitamins, UHF, EHF, etc.) allows you to get environmentally friendly products from the animal almost immediately after the course of treatment . The aim of our research was to study the effectiveness of new, environmentally friendly and easy-to-use agents used for the treatment of postpartum endometritis in sows and their effect on some parameters of sows productivity. The studies were carried out during 2018 in the conditions of the complex of selection and hybridization of pigs “Moldsudingbrid”, the city of Orhei, Republic of Moldova. From the number of farrowing sows, queens with a diagnosis of postpartum endometritis were selected. The selected uterus was divided into 3 groups: one control and two experimental. In the control group, all sows were treated according to the scheme adopted by the farm: injections of Enrofloxacin 50 were used according to the instructions 1 ml/20 kg body weight, once a day, intramuscularly 3–5 days. The animals of both experimental groups were injected once, in the upper third of the neck (behind the ear), a tissue preparation was injected at the rate of 1 ml/100 kg of body weight. Before use, the drug was diluted with a 0.5% solution of novocaine in a ratio of 1:1. At the same time, 100–150 ml of a preparation made on the basis of an extract from plant D and a chelate compound of iodine were intrauterine administered to sows of the first experimental group. Animals of the second experimental group were intrauterine injected with 100–150 ml of a preparation made on the basis of an extract from plant C and a chelate compound of iodine. The frequency of administration was 1 time per day for 3–5 days. Studies have shown that the duration of therapy in the experimental groups was less than in the control group. In the first experimental group, the duration of therapy was 4.44 ± 0.358 days and in the second experimental group 4.22 ± 0.386 days. This is 1.39 and 1.61 days (23.84% and 27.65%, respectively) less than in the control group. The inter-porous period in the experimental groups after therapy was less than in the control group. In the first experimental group, the period between farrowing was 164.33 ± 6.645 days and in the second experimental group 180.75 ± 9.12 days. This is 12.17 and 5.85 days less than in the control group, where this indicator was 2.57 days. The interval from weaning of piglets to the fruitful insemination of sows (when they first came to the hunt) in the experimental groups decreased by 5.15 and 6.6 days and amounted to 17.25 ± 5.01 and 9 ± 3.36 days. In the control group, the interval between weaning and insemination of sows was 18.8 ± 4.93 days, which is 2 days less than before the studies. It has been established: 1) the new, environmentally friendly products that we offer are effective in the treatment of postpartum endometritis in sows; 2) do not adversely affect sow productivity; 3) contribute to improved reproductive performance and are more effective than antibiotic. The data obtained will improve and specify the appropriate preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic and other measures necessary to increase the reproductive potential of sows

Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism of Mild Steel by Amylose-Acetate/Carboxymethyl Chitosan Composites in Acidic Media

This article details an investigation on the mechanism of corrosion inhibition of mild steel using amylose-acetate-blended carboxymethyl chitosan (AA-CMCh) in acidic media in the context of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. The surface of mild steel was exposed to test solutions and evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The activation energy (Ea), free energy of adsorption (ΔG), enthalpy of activation (ΔHads), and entropy of activation (ΔSads) were determined in order to elucidate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. The results confirmed that AA could be improved using CMCh as a corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion rate decreased from 1109.00 to 229.70 mdd (79.29%), while corrosion inhibition increased from 35.13 to 89.72%. Sulfate acid (H2SO4) of 0.25 M also helped in decreasing the corrosion rate from 2664.4 to 1041.67 mdd (60.9%) while also in increasing corrosion inhibition from 56.94 to 68.31%. The calculated values for ΔG, ΔHads, and ΔSads were −33.22 kJ·mol−1, −48.56 kJ·mol−1, and 0.0495 kJ·mol−1·K−1, respectively. The mechanism of corrosion inhibition of mild steel in the acidic condition is dominated and precipitated by the formation of the Fe-chelate compound, which was confirmed by the SEM/EDS spectrum. The reactions were spontaneous, exothermic, and irregular and takes place on the surface of mild steel.

Improving of Accuracy of Measurements of Unit Cell Parameters by Diffraction Reflections at Small Angles

The main purpose of the work is the improving of accuracy of the unit cell parameters the measurements by diffraction data at small angles. The basis of this approach is creating of new laboratory standard, which is the mixture of the etalon silicon SRM-640 and chelate compound of the copper (II) 4-phenatsetiliden-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-imidazoline-1- oxyl (CuL2). The feature of the preparing of this standard is a crystallizing of CuL2 directly on a sample holder. That causes almost ideal orienting of the needle tetragonal crystals on a cuvette and there are diffraction reflections on the diffractogram only of hk0 type. Their depositions allow to make a calibration of the goniometer starting with 4 2

THE DESIGN OF SURFACE MODIFICATION OF AMORPHOUS ZrO2 NANOPARTICLES AS A LUBRICANT ADDITIVE

ZrO 2 is a kind of inorganic material with high hardness, high tenacity, antiwear, corrosion, and resistance, therefore it is regarded as an ideal nanolubricant material. But untreated ZrO 2 nanoparticles are reunited in the lubricant medium instead of monodisperse because the consistency is poor between the material surface and lubricant, which restricts its application as a nanolubricant additive. Through theoretical analysis, this paper designed that the surface of ZrO 2 nanoparticles was modified with silicon coupling agent, and it was changed to lipophilic surface, so it was possible to be a monodisperse system in the lubricant. The modified spherical nanoparticles of ZrO 2 were dispersed in the lubricant and they could play a molecular bearing part in lubricating media. When the friction surface reached a certain load and temperature, once the metal surface produces the deficiency, physical adsorption and chemisorption on the metal surface would be produced because of high nano- ZrO 2 particle activity, and even the N atom in the particle surface silane tends to be absorbed to the metal surface to form chelate compound, and make ZrO 2 particles enrich to defective locations of the metal surface. Then, a self-repairing lubricated membrane in the friction surfaces was set up, and it can play the function in the antifriction, antiwear, and surface dynamic self-repair.