Prevalence of Pregnancy Related Anxiety in Pregnant Women in Southern Fringes of Pune, India

Pregnancy is an important period of women’s life. It is not only a period of great joy, but also one of great stress to a woman both physically and mentally. There are hormonal, physical as well as psychological changes. The Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common during pregnancy. Up to one-third of women may experience anxiety symptoms during pregnancy. Pregnant women worry about the upcoming labor and anticipated pain, also referred to as fear of childbirth or they may be concerned about the health of the child they are carrying or the physical changes they experience. Objective: To find out the Prevalence of Pregnancy related anxiety in pregnant women by using Pregnancy Related Anxiety questionnaire (PRAQ-R2). Design: An observational study was conducted among 70 low-risk Indian pregnant women of age 20–35 years. Setting: A public health care hospital in southern fringes of Pune, India. Participants: 70 low risk pregnant women who attended the hospital were selected as convenient sample. Methods: Participants were recruited as per the selection criteria Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire–Revised were used to collect the data. Results: 78.57% pregnant women had Pregnancy related Anxiety. 33 %pregnant women had mild Anxiety while 32 % women had moderate and 5% were suffering from severe Anxiety. Considering the component of anxiety 74.3% women had fear of giving birth, 77.1 % worries about bearing a handicap child, 74.3% women were concern about own appearance. Conclusion: During the joyful phase of pregnancy there is higher prevalence of pregnancy related anxiety. Key words: Pregnancy, Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ-R2).

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Dengan Asuhan Kebidanan Pada Pasien Retensio Placentadi Puskesmas Pembantu Golodukal, Kecamatan Langke Rembong, Kabupaten Manggarai

ABSTRAK Setiap wanita akan melalui proses kehamilan, persalinan, nifas hal tersebut merupakan proses yang fisiologis. Selama menjalani proses tersebut kemungkinan terjadi masalah kesehatan yang dapat menimbulkan kesakitan bahkan kematian baik pada ibu dan bayi. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk mempelajari dan memahami asuhan kebidanan pada ibu hamil, bersalin, nifas, neonates dan KB secara komprehensif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus tujuh langkah varney. Tehnik pengambilan data melalui wawancara, observasi langsung dan studi dokumen rekam medic. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif berdasarkan tujuh langkah varney. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah Ny. M.G.L umur 26 tahun, G2P1A0, ibu bersalin dengan retensio placenta dan penatalaksanaan manual placenta sesuai standar SOP di tingkat pelayanan primer, nifas normal, BBL normal dan ibu menggunakan KB suntik 3 bulanan. Kata kunci : Asuhan kehamilan, bersalin, Retensio Placenta. ABSTRACT Every woman will go through a process of pregnancy, childbirth, childbirth, this is a physiological process. During this process, there may be health problems that can cause pain and even death to both mother and baby. The purpose of this activity is to learn and understand midwifery care for pregnant women, childbirth, postpartum, neonates, and family planning in a comprehensive manner. The method used is the descriptive qualitative research method with a seven-step Varney case study approach. Data collection techniques through interviews, direct observation, and study of medic record documents. The data analysis was done descriptively based on the seven Varney steps. The result of this activity is Mrs. M.G.L, 26 years old, G2P1A0, a mother giving birth with retained placenta and manual management of the placenta according to SOP standards at the primary care level, normal postpartum, normal LBW, and the mother uses 3-monthly injection contraceptives. Key words: Pregnancy care, childbirth, Retensio Placenta

Pregnancy and velvet

The main prevention of rubella infection during pregnancy is to be vaccinated against this disease in preparation for pregnancy. Before you decide to get vaccinated against rubella, you need to have a special laboratory test to detect antibodies to the rubella virus in your blood to check if you are immune to this infection. The fact is that in some cases it is impossible to determine whether you are sick with rubella. Because in many cases, the disease can be latent or with a very limited number of symptoms, in which case, naturally, the body develops specific antibodies against the virus. Doctors believe that in this case, the body's immune response will be strengthened. It is recommended that the velvet vaccine be given at least 3 months before the planned date of pregnancy. Key words: pregnancy, rubella, fetus, infection

Infertility associated with ovarian endometriosis: a modern view to the problem

The review summarizes current understanding of the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis and the mechanisms of formation of infertility associated with ovarian endometriosis, as well as the possibilities of treating ovarian endometriosis and overcoming the associated infertility. Key words: pregnancy, infertility, ovarian reserve, surgical treatment, endometriosis, endometrioid ovarian cysts

The role of fetal chromosomal aberrations in the genesis of recurrent and sporadic miscarriage

Objective. To compare the frequency and nature of embryo/fetus chromosomal abnormalities (CA) in sporadic and recurrent pregnancy loss. Patients and methods. A retrospective cohort study that included 1000 patients with pregnancy loss at 6–12 weeks of gestation. The first group consisted of 681 patients who had their first sporadic miscarriage. The second group consisted of 319 patients who previously had a miscarriage. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) of abortive material was performed. Results. In the first group, various chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo/fetus were detected in 378 (55.5%) samples, in the second group – in 203 (63.5%). The incidence of CA in patients with a history of miscarriage was higher than in sporadic miscarriage, the differences were statistically reliable (p = 0.015). No significant differences were found in the structure of CA. Autosomal trisomies and numerical abnormalities of sex chromosomes were most frequently detected. Conclusion. Chromosomal abnormalities in the embryo are a significant cause of miscarriage, both sporadic and recurrent. Genetic analysis of abortive material is an important component of the examination for choosing further management tactics for patients. CMA is an effective research method when conducting genetic analysis of conception products. Key words: pregnancy loss, preconception planning, recurrent miscarriage, chromosomal abnormalities, chromosomal microarray analysis

Pharmacotherapy during pregnancy

Prescription of any medications during pregnancy deserves careful selection due to their possible effect on the fetus, as well as altered metabolism against gestation. Indications for prescribing medications during pregnancy may be chronic somatic pathology, acute diseases, pregnancy complications and the need for their prevention, as well as taking medications recommended additionally during pregnancy – multivitamin supplements, specific vitamin and microelement preparations. The article provides an analysis of essential prenatal medications, taking into account their safety and effectiveness. Key words: pregnancy, medications, miramistin, progesterone

Endotoxemia and enterosorption in obstetric and gynecological practice

The review considers the role of intestinal endotoxin in the pathogenesis of a number of obstetric and gynecological diseases, as well as the results of their treatment with the use of enterosorption in order to correct endotoxin aggression. The well-known methods for determining anti-endotoxin immunity and modern classification of enterosorbents were presented. The analysis of the main results of more than 30 years experience in the use of enterosorbent polymethylsiloxane polyhydrate was conducted, taking into account the mechanisms of its medical and prophylactic effects in the treatment of pre-eclampsia, arterial hypertension of pregnant women, miscarriage, endometriosis, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, urogenital disorders, vulvar lichen sclerosus. The evaluation of therapeutic properties of the drug polymethylsiloxane polyhydrate was carried out, and prospective directions for its further use in obstetric and gynecological practice were planned. Key words: pregnancy loss, pre-eclampsia, vulvar lichen sclerosus, endometriosis, endotoxin, endotoxin aggression, enterosgel

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor and pregnancy

Clinical observations of gastrointestinal (GIT) cancer in pregnant women are presented. It is emphasized that early warning signs, typical of the initial manifestations of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, remains underestimated against the background of pregnancy. Frequently, common stages of the disease (III–IV) are detected accidentally after the manifestation of symptoms (gastrointestinal bleeding, formations palpated through the abdominal wall) or due to the detection of metastatic ovarian tumors, which manifest themselves as an independent disease. Long-term results of treatment of patients with secondary ovarian malignancies remain unfavorable. Conclusion. Pregravid training should be at the forefront and include a complete examination of patients, especially those with untypical complaints, in level 3 institutions with appropriate laboratories and modern methods of instrumental research. Key words: pregnancy, gastrointestinal malignancies, ultrasound

Perygravid management of rheumatic disease

Management of inflammatory rheumatic diseases in preconception period, pregnancy and breastfeeding has undergone significant changes over the past few years. Modern therapy, including biological and targeted synthetic disease modifying drugs, has significantly improved the control of rheumatic diseases, which has led to an increase in the patients’ number planning a pregnancy with serious diseases. When consulting such patients, it is necessary to discuss the possible time of conception (regarding the activity of the disease), the effect of the disease on pregnancy and pregnancy on the disease, as well as the potential need to change the regimen of medications during pregnancy and breastfeeding. This review summarizes information on the effects of pregnancy on various rheumatic diseases and vice versa, changes in therapy and monitoring of patients with rheumatic diseases before, during and after pregnancy. Women with inflammatory rheumatic diseases need advice on drug therapy before planning pregnancy, during pregnancy, and breastfeeding. Safe disease-modifying drugs that can be taken during pregnancy are hydroxychloroquine, sulfosalazine, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. Glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can also be taken up to 32 weeks of gestation. Most inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) are also safe during pregnancy. During pregnancy, a clear monitoring of the activity of the disease is necessary, control of the level of autoantibodies, especially anti-SSA / Ro and anti-SSB / La and antiphospholipid antibodies, an assessment of the degree of organ dysfunction, especially kidney damage. Presented are modern approaches to optimizing the management of inflammatory rheumatic disease during pregnancy. For patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, a successful pregnancy outcome is optimized by creating an individual plan to suppress disease activity using a targeted approach. Key words: pregnancy, rheumatic diseases, treatment, lactation, management tactics, drugs.

DENTAL MANAGEMENT IN PREGNANCY –Oral Medicine

The pregnant patient who presents for dental treatment requires special attention. The purpose of this article is to provide concise information about the physiologic changes and oral pathologies associated with pregnancy and their potential complications. The treatment implications and the risk of various medications to the mother and foetus are also discussed. KEY WORDS : Pregnancy, physiologic changes, supine hypotension syndrome, drugs, guidelines.