Finite size spectrum of the staggered six-vertex model with Uq($$ \mathfrak{sl} $$(2))-invariant boundary conditions

The finite size spectrum of the critical ℤ2-staggered spin-1/2 XXZ model with quantum group invariant boundary conditions is studied. For a particular (self-dual) choice of the staggering the spectrum of conformal weights of this model has been recently been shown to have a continuous component, similar as in the model with periodic boundary conditions whose continuum limit has been found to be described in terms of the non-compact SU(2, ℝ)/U(1) Euclidean black hole conformal field theory (CFT). Here we show that the same is true for a range of the staggering parameter. In addition we find that levels from the discrete part of the spectrum of this CFT emerge as the anisotropy is varied. The finite size amplitudes of both the continuous and the discrete levels are related to the corresponding eigenvalues of a quasi-momentum operator which commutes with the Hamiltonian and the transfer matrix of the model.

HISTORY OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

This article discusses the discovery and creation of composite materials, general characteristics and differences, structure, purpose of structural materials, a special combination of strength, stiffness and lightness, composite materials regardless of their origin, the result of volumetric combinations of various components, without individual components. properties, continuous component in the volume of composite materials - matrix, types of materials and their classification, composite building materials. Also reinforced building materials, the properties of many materials around us, their features, the properties of composite materials, their use in all fields of science, technology, industry, the ability to adjust the properties of composite materials using several matrices or fillers of different nature, the strength of the composite, hardness and deformation, composite materials with special properties.

Increased Female Athlete Triad Knowledge Among Collegiate Dancers Following a Brief Educational Video Intervention

The female athlete triad (triad) is prevalent among aesthetic athletes, including dancers. However, there is limited research regarding triad knowledge or triad educational interventions among collegiate dancers. This study was intended to help correct that shortage. Participants (N = 24) completed two questionnaires: one assessed demographics, triad risk, and disordered eating (DE) risk; the other measured triad knowledge before and after viewing a 10-minute triad video. Twenty-seven percent of participants were found to be at risk for DE, 27% were at risk for the triad, and 8% were at risk for both. Significant improvements in triad knowledge were observed following the educational video; 4.08 ± 1.83 pre-intervention to 6.75 ± 0.09 post-intervention out of a possible 7, p < 0.001. There were no differences in triad knowledge when comparing freshmen and sophomores to juniors, seniors, and graduate students. This research confirms that triad education should be a continuous component of collegiate dancers' curricula to promote their overall health and wellness, and that the triad video can be an effective educational tool for supporting that goal.

Continuous components of solar activity oscillation spectrum and forecasting of solar activity

&lt;p&gt;Spectrum of solar activity oscillations contains apart from the well-known 11-year activity cycle a continuous component, which includes, in particular, quasy-biennual oscillations as well as long-term oscillations including so-called Gleisberg cycle.&amp;#160; We suggest to consider the mid-term solar variability in terms of statistical dynamic of fully turbulent systems, where solid arguments are required to accept an isolated dominant frequency in a continuous (smooth) spectrum. What about the timescales longer than the Schwabe cycle, we consider them as a presence of long-term memory in solar dynamo and discuss statistical test for veryication of this interpretation. Sequences for statistical long-term forecast of solar activity are discussed.&lt;/p&gt;

Analysis of responder-based endpoints: improving power through utilising continuous components

Background: Clinical trials and other studies commonly assess effectiveness of an intervention through use of responder-based endpoints. These classify patients based on whether they meet a number of criteria which often involve continuous variables categorised as being above or below a threshold. The proportion of patients who are responders is estimated and, where relevant, compared between groups. An alternative method called the augmented binary method keeps the definition of the endpoint the same but utilises information contained within the continuous component to increase the power considerably (equivalent to increasing the sample size by >30%). In this article we summarise the method and investigate the variety of clinical conditions that use endpoints to which it could be applied.Methods : We reviewed a database of Core Outcome Sets (COS) that covered physiological and mortality trial endpoints recommended for collection in clinical trials of different disorders. We identified responder-based endpoints where the augmented binary method would be useful for increasing power.Results: Out of the 287 COS reviewed, we identified 67 new clinical areas where endpoints were used that would be more efficiently analysed using the augmented binary method. Clinical areas that had particularly high numbers were rheumatology (11 clinical disorders identified), non-solid tumour oncology (10 identified), neurology (9 identified), and cardiovascular (8 identified)Conclusions: The augmented binary method can potentially provide large benefits in a vast array of clinical areas. Further methodological development is needed to account for some types of endpoint.

Analysis of responder-based endpoints: improving power through utilising continuous components

Background Clinical trials and other studies commonly assess effectiveness of an intervention through use of responder-based endpoints. These classify patients based on whether they meet a number of criteria which often involve continuous variables categorised as being above or below a threshold. The proportion of patients who are responders is estimated and, where relevant, compared between groups. An alternative method called the augmented binary method keeps the definition of the endpoint the same but utilises information contained within the continuous component to increase the power considerably (equivalent to increasing the sample size by >30%). In this article we summarise the method and investigate the variety of clinical conditions that use endpoints to which it could be applied. Methods We reviewed a database of Core Outcome Sets (COS) that covered physiological and mortality trial endpoints recommended for collection in clinical trials of different disorders. We identified responder-based endpoints where the augmented binary method would be useful for increasing power. Results Out of the 287 COS reviewed, we identified 67 new clinical areas where endpoints were used that would be more efficiently analysed using the augmented binary method. Clinical areas that had particularly high numbers were rheumatology (11 clinical disorders identified), non-solid tumour oncology (10 identified), neurology (9 identified), and cardiovascular (8 identified) Conclusions The augmented binary method can potentially provide large benefits in a vast array of clinical areas. Further methodological development is needed to account for some types of endpoint.

Analysis of responder-based endpoints: improving power through utilising continuous components

Background Clinical trials and other studies commonly assess effectiveness of an intervention through use of responder-based endpoints. These classify patients based on whether they meet a number of criteria which often involve continuous variables categorised as being above or below a threshold. The proportion of patients who are responders is estimated and, where relevant, compared between groups. An alternative method called the augmented binary method keeps the definition of the endpoint the same but utilises information contained within the continuous component to increase the power considerably (equivalent to increasing the sample size by >30%). In this article we summarise the method and investigate the variety of clinical conditions that use endpoints to which it could be applied. Methods We reviewed a database of physiological and mortality trial endpoints recommended for collection in clinical trials of different disorders. We identified responder-based endpoints where the augmented binary method would be useful for increasing power. Results We identified 68 new clinical areas where endpoints were used that would be more efficiently analysed using the augmented binary method. Conclusions The augmented binary method can potentially provide large benefits in a vast array of clinical areas. Further methodological development is needed to account for some types of endpoint.

Hybrid control of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine using space vector modulation

This paper aims to study the hybrid control of a five-phase permanent-magnet synchronous machine improved by the space vector modulation (SVM) technique. The torque ripples and currents will therefore be reduced. This control is based on the theory of hybrid dynamic systems (HDS), its discrete component is the voltage inverter which has a finite number of states controlling the continuous component that represents the machine. The results of the simulation made on MATLAB/Simulink are presented and discussed in order to check the performance of the strategy of the studied control. They show, in particular, the main advantages of this control manifesting the good dynamic of the electromagnetic torque and the robustness against the parametric variations.