Essential Oil Profile Diversity in Cardamom Accessions From Southern India

The essential oil of cardamom capsules is a high-value ingredient in foods, beverages, perfumery, and traditional medicines. It is responsible for the characteristic aroma of cardamom. The present study aimed to evaluate essential oil yield and chemical constituents of 22 diverse accessions of cardamom. A total of 20 g of the cured capsules were hydrodistilled in a Clevenger apparatus for 3 h in three replications. The amount of essential oil yield ranged from 4.5 to 9.5%, indicating a substantial variation in this feature among the accessions. The GC/MS analysis results discovered 24 constituents that constituted 98.1–100% of total essential oil. The main fractions were found to be oxygenated monoterpenes (40.7–66.7%), monoterpene hydrocarbons (23.1–58.6%), and sesquiterpenes (0.1–2.0%). Among the monoterpenoids, the predominant constituents were α-terpinyl acetate (29.9–61.3%) followed by 1,8-cineole (15.2–49.4%), α-terpineol (0.83–13.2%), β-linalool (0.44–11.0%), and sabinene (1.9–4.9%). Two sesquiterpene constituents, cardinen and nerolidol and p-cresol (a phenol derivative) were also identified. The compositional data were subjected to euclidean-distance-based similarity analysis, which showed two major clusters. The major constituents of cardamom essential oil (CEO) are 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate, sabinene, and β-linalool that can be used in food, aroma, and pharmaceutical applications.

Naphthalimide-linked new pyridylazo phenol derivative for selective sensing of cyanide ion (CN-) in sol-gel medium

Napthalimide-linked pyridylazo derivatives 1 and 2 have been designed and synthesized. Compound 1 acts as a gelator in DMF-H2O (1:1, v/v). The brown gel is photostable and shows good viscoelastic...

Alkylamino Phenol Derivative Induces Apoptosis by Inhibiting EGFR Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells

Background and Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the anticancer property of an alkylamino phenol derivative -2-((3,4-Dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)(p-tolyl)methyl)phenol) (THTMP) against human breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of the THTMP was assessed to know its specificity towards breast cancer cells without affecting the normal cells. Methods: The THTMP was synthesized and the cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay, Caspases enzyme activity, DNA fragmentation and FITC/Annexin V, AO/EtBr staining, RT-PCR and QSAR. In addition, ADME analysis was executed to understand the mode of action of THTMP. Results: THTMP showed potential cytotoxic activity against the growth of MCF7 and SK-BR3 cells with the IC50 values of 87.92μM and 172.51μM, respectively. Interestingly, THTMP found to activate caspase 3 and caspase 9 enzymes in cancer cells, which are the key enzymes implicated in apoptosis. THTMP induced apoptosis in which 33% of the cells entered the late apoptotic stage after 24h of treatment. The results also revealed that the apoptotic response could be influenced by the association of THTMP with the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mediated inhibition of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/S6K1 signaling pathway. In addition, docking was performed to study the binding mode of the THTMP, which shows better interaction with EGFR. The structural elucidation of THTMP by Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship model (QSAR) and ADMET screening suggested, THTMP as an effective anticancer compound. Conclusion: This work strengthens the potential of a promising drug-like compound, THTMP, for the discovery of anticancer drug against breast cancer.

In Silico Elucidation of the Molecular Recognition of Phenol Derivative Compounds and Hippuryl-histidyl-leucine as an Artificial Substrate with the Experimental Target: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme

Background: An elucidation study was carried out to evaluate 19 different methylthiomorpholine, methylmorpholine and piperidine compounds as possible inhibitors of the Angiotensin Converter Enzyme (ACE) using as a positive blank: Captopril, drug used as an antihypertensive agent and known for its biological effect over ACE. Also, the interaction using Hippuryl-histidyl-leucine (HHL) as an artificial substrate was simulated. Methods: The study was made using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE), SYBYL and Gaussian software. Results: All the molecular recognition process was performed under the conditions reported for such interaction, in order to emulate the experimental parameters as close as is possible to a real system. Conclusion: After the calculations the best candidates for the ACE inhibition were determined.

Dual Detection Highly Selective Colorimetric Chemosensors for Fluoride and Copper(II) Ions Based on Imine-Phenol Derivative

A simple dual detection using colorimetric chemosensor, imine-phenol derivative L (bearing a 2-iminephenol group as a binding unit and a-nitrophenylazo group as a signaling unit), were synthesized for a high yield in two simple steps. Complexations of chemosensor L with various anions in acetonitrile solvent and other metal ions in DMSO/H2O solvent were monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy. The results indicated that the chemosensor L showed high selectivity for F− and Cu2+ ions. Furthermore, the complexes for L-F− and L-Cu2+ were evaluated by computational chemistry using a B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) and a B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) level of calculation. The complexes between L with F− and Cu2+ were magenta and yellow colored, respectively. Chemosensor L can be applied for the analysis of F− and Cu2+ ions with naked-eye detection making colour comparisons between the standard and the real sample. Most importantly, semi-qualitative detection of Cu2+ in water solution were successfully carried out with the developed test kit using chemosensor L.

Severe ARDS Complicating an Acute Intentional Cresol Poisoning

Cresol is a phenol derivative used as a disinfectant that may cause gastrointestinal corrosive injury, central nervous system, cardiovascular disturbances, renal, and hepatic injury following intoxication. We present a case of a female patient who was admitted to the emergency department after ingesting an unknown amount of cresol; she was admitted with tachypnea, shortness of breath with low oxygen level in the blood. She did not develop hepatic or renal dysfunction. The gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed and showed esophagus and gastric erosins only. The patient was sedated and ventilated for 7 days. After receiving supportive intensive care, the patient recovered and was sent for psychiatric evaluation. Cresol intoxication can be fatal, and cause a respiratory failure with an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), hepatic, and renal injury. This shows the importance of intensive care in the management of cresol poisoning.