A Combining Method for Wireless Protocol Conformance Testing: A Empirical Case

Ensuring the consistency of protocol implementation and protocol specification is the basic premise of wireless communication. With the application of wireless communication in more and more fields, the wireless communication environment becomes more and more complex, and the fault coverage of wireless protocol conformance testing is also facing more and more challenges. To solve this problem, this paper uses Finite State Machine (FSM) as a formal description tool for wireless protocols and presents a combining test method based on two test methods with complementary characteristics in the test technologies based on structural coverage and state identification. Then, the paper evaluates the effectiveness of the method based on 14 empirical cases. The experimental results show that the fault coverage of each empirical case can be effectively improved to 100% when the average test cost is only increased by 17.99%.

A Prototype Unit of a Distributed Sensor System for Ecological Monitoring

Introduction. In this article, the basic principles of ecological monitoring were considered, and the possibilities of constructing sensor systems were analysed. It was proposed to use the NB-IoT low-energy telecommunication standard as a basic wireless protocol for ecological system development, which ensures effective communication of network devices. A prototype of the system was constructed, and algorithms for receiving and transmitting signals were simulated.Aim. To construct a prototype of a transceiver based on the NB-IoT standard and perform its simulation. To utilize digital twin in MatLab to create the proposed system.Materials and methods. The prototype was constructed using the Xilinx Zedboard evaluation board and transceiver on AD9361 chip, and the simulation was performed using the MatLab 2010 software package.Results. The results of the simulation in the channel with the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) were obtained, and the level of the detected synchronization signals of the NB-IoT standard was determined. The receiver and transmitter of the NB-IoT standard were implemented on the Xilinx Zedboard evaluation board. The timing simulation results show that the designed system can be tested in a real environment. The power consumption and resource utilization of the constructed wireless sensor network prototype unit were determined. Conclusion. The results obtained via the simulation process show that the designed prototype of the communication system works correctly, and the produced signal meets all the requirements of the NB-IoT standard. The results can be used for creating a domestic manufactured, specialized integrated chip for data units of ecological monitoring systems.

Monitoring Cuaca Berbasis Raspberry dengan Menggunakan Modul Lora

Cuaca merupakan faktor penting untuk kegiatan manusia dalam beraktivitas setiap hari oleh karena itu dibutuhkan pengamatan unsur cuaca. Dari pengamatan unsur cuaca tersebut kita dapat mendapatkan informasi cuaca yang terjadi di wilayah tersebut sehingga masyarakat dapat mengetahui keuntungan maupun kerugian yang terjadi dengan kondisi cuaca tersebut. Saat ini masih terbatasnya alat monitoring cuaca di masyarakat terutama pada wilayah yang tidak terjangkau internet. Oleh sebab itu pada penelitian ini dibuat sistem monitoring cuaca yang mengukur suhu,kelembapan,tekanan udara,arah angin dan deteksi hujan dengan menggunakan protokol nirkabel Lora, Lora merupakan protokol nirkabel yang memiliki jarak jangkau lebih jauh dalam pengiriman data dibandingkan dengan teknologi nirkabel lainya sehingga cocok ditempatkan pada wilayah yang tidak terjangkau internet. Pada pengujian kinerja sistem monitoring cuaca ini Lora mampu mengirimkan data pada kondisi LOS sebesar 899 meter sedangkan pada kondisi NLOS sebesar 174 meter.Weather is an important factor for human activities in daily activities, therefore it is necessary to observe weather elements. From observing the weather elements, we can get weather information that occurs in the area so that people can find out the advantages and disadvantages that occur with these weather conditions. Currently, there are still limited weather monitoring tools in the community, especially in areas that are not covered by the internet. Therefore in this study a weather monitoring system was created that measures temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind direction and rain detection using the Lora wireless protocol, Lora is a wireless protocol that has a longer range in data transmission than other wireless technologies so it is suitable placed in areas that are not covered by the internet. In testing the performance of this weather monitoring system, Lora is able to transmit data at LOS conditions of 899 meters while in NLOS conditions of 174 meters.

MAC Layer Communication Protocol design using Stochastic Network Calculusfor Underwater Agriculture Farming

: The hazardous in seawater network, channel utilization, and MAC layer protocol design induces the research challenges and opportunities of underwater acoustic communications, particularly in terms of throughput and transmission delay. In this research work, we propose the delay-tolerant MAC protocol with collision avoidance. Under_Water Medium Access control and Collision Avoidance -Wireless protocol (UWMACA-W) proposed for underwater Agriculture Farming. This research work also has compared the performance of the UWMACA-Wireless protocol with and without SNC. The growth of the plants inside the bubble can be exchanged to the base station by using the UWMACA-wireless protocol and also increases interface efficiency by taking account of the underwater acoustic channel's long delay time, as well as fixing the issues related to uncovered terminal issues. UWMACA-W method has higher performance than MACA-Wireless protocol, according to simulation testing on Riverbed modeler.

A Wearable MYO Gesture Armband Controlling Sphero BB-8 Robot

In this paper we present the development and preliminary validation of a wearable system which is combined with an algorithm interfacing the MYO gesture armband with a Sphero BB-8 robotic device. The MYO armband is a wearable device which measures real-time EMG signals of the end user’s forearm muscles as the user is executing a set of upper limb gestures. These gestures are interpreted and transmitted to a computing hardware via a Bluetooth Low Energy IEEE 802.15.1 wireless protocol. The algorithm analyzes and sorts the data and sends a set of commands to the Sphero robotic device while performing navigation movements. After designing and integrating the software and hardware architecture, we have validated the system with two sets of trials involving a series of commands performed in multiple iterations. The consequent reactions of the robots, due to these commands, were recorded and the performance of the system was analyzed in a confusion matrix to obtain an average accuracy of the system outcome vs. the expected and desired actions. Results show that our integrated system can satisfactorily interface with the system in an intuitive way with an accuracy rating of 85.7 % and 92.9 % for the two tests, respectively. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2020-01-04-05 Full Text: PDF

Implementation and Evaluation of Open-Source Hardware to Monitor Water Quality in Precision Aquaculture

Precision aquaculture is a new field that allows farmers to have better control over aquaculture processes, facilitating decision-making and improving efficiency. The implementation and evaluation of a low-cost water-quality monitoring system based on open-source hardware, which is easy to rebuild for scientific applications, is reported in this paper. The proposed system measures temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH, taking records and sending information through a wireless protocol (ZigBee) to a graphical user interface which can display information numerically and graphically, as well as simultaneously storing the information in a database. These variables are very important for aquaculture, as they have a direct influence on critical culture parameters such as growth and survival. Although it is a low-cost system, it offers good quality data and demonstrates efficiency for its use in precision aquaculture.