Research on MVB conformance test system

The design and implementation of the MVB conformance test system is of great significance in both professional theory and practical application. Conformance test for MVB, mainly to determine whether the MVB equipment IUT is consistent with the MVB protocol standard requirements in the TCN standard. The conformance test of MVB equipment IUT covers most of the contents of the RTP real-time protocol such as the physical layer, link layer, network layer, transport layer and application layer. This subject will analyse and study the consistency test of the MVB physical layer.

Design of Smart Grid Test Bed Using OPNET and PLC

In this design unit, a design to test the performances of varying models was developed for the simulations in the PLC-base data link layer. The design includes a smart home and a Smart Grid environment where a comparison between Zigbee and WiMax-based models can be performed. The Smart Grid Test Bed has been designed using OPNET and Power Line Communication is proposed in this book. It is being designed to allow test bed experiments in four layers among OSI 7 layers. This chapter is organized as follows: The Physical Layer and Datalink Layer for Smart Grid Test Bed in Section 1; the Transport Layer for Smart Grid Test Bed in Section 2; and finally, Application Layer for Smart Grid Test Bed in Section.

Implementation of Smart Grid Test Bed Using OPNET and PLC

In this chapter, a design that allows testing of the performances of various models was developed with OPNET for the simulations in the PLC-base data link layer. As the model proposed earlier, the design includes a smart home and a Smart Grid environment where a comparison between Zigbee and WiMax-based models can be performed. The Smart Grid Test Bed has been implemented using OPNET and Power Line Communication is proposed in this book. It is being designed to allow Test Bed experiments in four layers among seven OSI layers. This chapter is organized as follows: the physical layer and datalink layer for Smart Grid Test Bed in Section 1; the transport layer for Smart Grid Test Bed in Section 2; and finally, application layer for Smart Grid Test Bed in Section 3.

A Packet Delay Assessment Model in the Data Link Layer of the LTE

The issues of modeling and evaluating the characteristics of the LTE data link layer functioning are considered. Transmitting packets in the data link layer are represented by a probabilistic-temporal graph consisting of two subgraphs. The first subgraph describes the operation of the HARQ protocol, and the second subgraph describes the operation of the ARQ protocol. The first subgraph is nested within the second subgraph. The probabilities of correct reception, non-error detection, and retransmission of packets in the MAC and RLC layers and generating functions of the packet service time based on the HARQ and ARQ protocols are determined. With the help of generating functions, the average value, variance, and coefficient of variation of the packet service time are determined. To calculate the average packet delay time in the LTE data link layer, the type of queuing system is selected, taking into account the coefficient of variation of the packet service time. The analysis of packets' delay time in the network's data link layer is carried out for different values of the intensity of packet arrival and the probabilities of a bit error in the physical layer of the network. For the sustainable functioning of the data link layer of the network, the limit values of the intensity of the arrival of packets are determined for a given probability of a bit error in the physical layer of the network.

ALL-OPTICAL ON-BOARD NETWORKS PROTOCOLS

The article presents the concept of all-optical on-board networks (AOON). AOON protocol stack is described, the operation of the transport layer, data link layer and the management layer of the AOON protocol stack is considered in details. The article also describes a software model designed to check the correctness of operation of the AOON protocol stack from a functional point of view, and an example of the developed software model is provided.

Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Free-space optical (FSO) communications have gained significant interest over the last few years, thanks to the capability to transport extremely high-speed data over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources. FSO communication is widely considered in various network scenarios, such as inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, or terrestrial links. It is expected to be a key enabling technology for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and link-layer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on error-control solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-of-the-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deep-space systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.

Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Free-space optical (FSO) communications have gained significant interest over the last few years, thanks to the capability to transport extremely high-speed data over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources. FSO communication is widely considered in various network scenarios, such as inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, or terrestrial links. It is expected to be a key enabling technology for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and link-layer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on error-control solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-of-the-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deep-space systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.