Developing Adolescent Boys Toward Adaptation of Male Sexual and Reproductive Health in Communities With Embedded Cultural Manhood Values

Manhood values are highly prioritized among most culturally orientated South African Black communities with an ideology that revolves around the concept of masculinity. The notion of manhood values is deeply rooted in male dominance, sexual drive, and traditional male circumcision. The goals of this study were to (a) explore the experiences of school health nurses in the provision of sexual and reproductive health among adolescent boys; and (b) recommend suggested action to develop adolescent boys to adapt a healthy behavioral lifestyle through a health-promoting school program. This study employed a qualitative approach utilizing a descriptive and exploratory research design. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was used to guide the study. Purposive sampling was used to select participants for individual interviews to collect data. A total of 21 school health nurses were selected to participate in face-to-face interviews. A thematic analysis was conducted using ATLAS ti (version 8) software. Five overarching themes were yielded and categorized as facilitators, barriers, and suggested action to improve sexual and reproductive health services as follows: (a) legislative frameworks and policies; (b) male medical circumcision, and prevention of HIV/AIDS and STIs; (c) lack of support from teachers and school-governing bodies; (d) risky sexual behaviors among the learners; and (e) empowerment and personal skills development. The study concludes with a discussion and recommendations that a comprehensive health-promoting school program should be developed for adolescent boys with guaranteed ownership and sustainability of male sexual and reproductive health.

Conceptual Framework for the Intervention on Childhood Obesity Management for School Health Nurses and School children in Malaysia.

This article aims to present the conceptual framework for the Intervention Health Educational Module and C.H.A.N.G.E design on Childhood Obesity Management for School Health Nurses towards obese school children. Social Cognitive theory, Urie Bronfenbrenner, and Kolb's model of Learning Styles and Experiential Learning will be used in this study to modify and make changes on the knowledge, attitude, behavior, and environment among obese school children. This study aims to provide a new model on the development of the professional role of nurses in the School Health Program (SHP) and health education promotion towards obese school children to improve their quality of life.Keywords: obesity; school children; school nurses; conceptual frameworkeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1593

Experiences of school health nurses regarding the provision of the school health service delivery in the Tshwane district

Background: Irrespective of the provision of an integrated school health policy, the school health nurses continue to experience multiple challenges regarding the provisioning of school health service delivery.Aim: The aim of this paper was to explore and describe the experiences of school health nurses regarding school health service delivery in the Tshwane district.Setting: Schools in the Tshwane district in Pretoria were used in the study.Methods: A qualitative and descriptive phenomenological design was used to conduct the study. Purposive sampling techniques were used to select a sample from the population of school health nurses employed in the Tshwane district and conduct the enquiry because of their knowledge and experience of school health services. The researchers collected data by means of unstructured, one-on-one in-depth interviews. The Tesch data analysis method was used by the researcher and co-coder. The researcher identified categories, subcategories and themes and these were reduced into grouping topics that were related to one another.Results: Positive and negative experiences of school health nurses emerged. It was evident from the findings of the study that the factors affecting the quality of the integrated school health programme (ISHP) provided were interrelated. Most of these factors negatively affected service delivery.Conclusion: It was recommended that the partnership between the National Department of Health and National Department of Basic Education as the main role players should be sustained at all times to ensure the successful implementation of the ISHP.

Mental Health Issues of School-Going Adolescents in High Schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

The study sought to describe and explore the experiences of school teachers and school health nurses in dealing with mental health issues of school-going adolescents in high schools. A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was used to gain an integrated view of the experiences of these school teachers and school health nurses. Semi-structured individual interviews and two focus group discussions were held with teachers and school health nurses, respectively, until data saturation was achieved. Preliminary analysis ran concurrently with data collection and was finalised using the directed content analysis method. Mental health issues to emerge were inappropriate handling of emotions by adolescents, engaging in risky behaviours and disruptive behaviours by adolescents. The conclusion reached is that there is a clear need for interventions and programmes that would promote social skills among school-going adolescents.