Child Sexual Abuse, Integrity Systems and the Anglican Church: Truth, Justice and Love

This article concerns child sexual abuse in the Anglican Church of Australia and the Church of England and, in particular, an integrity system to combat this problem and the ethical problems it gives rise to. The article relies on the findings of various commissions of inquiry to determine the nature and extent of child sexual abuse in the Anglican Church. The two salient ethical problems identified are: (1) design of safety measures in the light of the statistical preponderance of male on male sexuality; (2) justice issues arising from redress schemes established or proposed to provide redress to victims.

THE LEVEL STRUCTURE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

В отличие от классической теории научного познания, где выделялось только два уровня научного знания в любой из конкретных наук: эмпирический и теоретический, в современной эпистемологии выделяют четыре качественно различных уровня научного знания: чувственный, эмпирический, теоретический, метатеоретический. Все они отличаются друг от друга по происхождению (эпистемологии), содержанию (онтологии), методам обоснования и критериям истинности(методологии). Несмотря на то, что указанные уровни относительно независимы друг от друга, все они связаны между собой при функционировании любой конкретной науки как некоей целостной системы знания. Основной методологической процедурой обеспечения ее целостности является интерпретация. Она представляет собой конструктивноволевую деятельность мышления по идентификации содержания понятий разных уровней знания. Любая интерпретация всегда заключает в себе существенный момент риска и может быть неверной. Современная неклассическая концепция уровневой структуры научного знания позволяет осуществлять более глубокий и конкретный анализ закономерностей функционирования и развития науки по сравнению с классической эпистемологией. In contrast to the classical theory of scientific knowledge, where there were only two levels of scientific knowledge in any of the specific sciences: empirical and theoretical, in contemporary non-classical epistemology there are four qualitatively different levels of scientific knowledge: sensory, empirical, theoretical and metatheory. All of them differ in their content (ontology), means of genesis (epistemology), method of justification and criteria of truth (methodology). At the same time, although all these levels of scientific knowledge are relatively independent from each other in terms of their ontology and epistemology, they are all interrelated within the framework of the functioning of any particular science as the integrity system of knowledge. The means of achieving such integrity is a procedure of interpretation (identification) of the content of concepts of different levels of scientific knowledge. It is the constructive strong-willed activity. Every interpretation always consists of essential moment of risk and may produce an error. The non-classical approach to the level structure of scientific knowledge developed in the article allows for a deeper and more specific analysis of the laws of the functioning and development of real science, than the classical philosophy of science allowed.

ONTOLOGICAL AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF NATIONAL TRADITIONS

This article examines the ontological and epistemological meaning of national traditions, it also says that the concept of "national tradition" is, as it were, a fixed form of spiritual - practical, cognitive activity of the subject for the development of the immanent content of the changing integrity-system of societies in the globalizing world, in particular in Kyrgyzstan, mainly in the context of relativity, reciprocity, events of a person, people, nation, ethnic groups and the world community.