Algorithm for constructing a route to pass a narrow fairway

Modern navigation systems often employ the algorithms for plotting lines for the preliminary route construction. The current conditions of technological development imply the simplicity of constructing routes. However, the most important part was and remains the speed of the system that generates the route. The authors of the paper proposed a universal algorithm for constructing a navigation route in narrow channels of the sea. The presented algorithm identifies the middle of the fairway as the safest point at each narrow segment and connects them with track lines. The problem that can arise is smoothing, as the middle of the fairway can shift significantly. To solve this problem, new relative and absolute parameters that characterize plotting of turning points were introduced. In addition, a unified universal formula was proposed for finding the coordinates of these points on a line perpendicular to the current route of the vessel. It was experimentally proved that correctly selected empirical parameters enable the algorithm to quickly construct a route in any navigation area with a relatively low computational complexity. This approach is appropriate for clearly delineated zones of the fairway, and it is compatible with zone methods.

Endotaxis: A Universal Algorithm for Mapping, Goal-Learning, and Navigation

An animal entering a new environment typically faces three challenges: explore the space for resources, memorize their locations, and navigate towards those targets as needed. Experimental work on exploration, mapping, and navigation has mostly focused on simple environments - such as an open arena, a pond [1], or a desert [2] - and much has been learned about neural signals in diverse brain areas under these conditions [3,4]. However, many natural environments are highly constrained, such as a system of burrows, or of paths through the underbrush. More generally, many cognitive tasks are equally constrained, allowing only a small set of actions at any given stage in the process. Here we propose an algorithm that learns the structure of an arbitrary environment, discovers useful targets during exploration, and navigates back to those targets by the shortest path. It makes use of a behavioral module common to all motile animals, namely the ability to follow an odor to its source [5]. We show how the brain can learn to generate internal "virtual odors'" that guide the animal to any location of interest. This endotaxis algorithm can be implemented with a simple 3-layer neural circuit using only biologically realistic structures and learning rules. Several neural components of this scheme are found in brains from insects to humans. Nature may have evolved a general mechanism for search and navigation on the ancient backbone of chemotaxis.

Computing the Sound of the Sea in a Seashell

The question of whether there exists an approximation procedure to compute the resonances of any Helmholtz resonator, regardless of its particular shape, is addressed. A positive answer is given, and it is shown that all that one has to assume is that the resonator chamber is bounded and that its boundary is $${{\mathcal {C}}}^2$$ C 2 . The proof is constructive, providing a universal algorithm which only needs to access the values of the characteristic function of the chamber at any requested point.

Algorithm for the torque sensorless worm gearbox servo application based on kinetic motion/friction realization

This paper provides an effective systematic procedure for the efficient treatment of worm gearboxes for industrial-grade cases. The accurate and general dynamic model of the worm gearbox is analytically obtained and the effects of the dominant factors, such as the disturbance torque and friction between the teeth and threads, are also addressed. A universal algorithm is proposed for accurate estimation of the disturbance torque that makes no utilization of any designated sensing unit. Numerous experimentations have been conducted to validate the proposed procedure and algorithm. The contributions of this paper are not limited to worm gearboxes but rather are extendable to all other conventional gearboxes that use similar power transmission methods. The gradient patterns of the normal force, the friction force, and the coefficient of friction in worm gearboxes are also identified as a function of the effective elements, such as the output loading torque and angular velocity.

Measuring Intelligence in Natural and Artificial Systems

A systematic understanding of the relationship between intelligence and consciousness can only be achieved when we can accurately measure intelligence and consciousness. In other work, I have suggested how the measurement of consciousness can be improved by reframing the science of consciousness as a search for mathematical theories that map between physical and conscious states. This paper discusses the measurement of intelligence in natural and artificial systems. While reasonable methods exist for measuring intelligence in humans, these can only be partly generalized to non-human animals and they cannot be applied to artificial systems. Some universal measures of intelligence have been developed, but their dependence on goals and rewards creates serious problems. This paper sets out a new universal algorithm for measuring intelligence that is based on a system’s ability to make accurate predictions. This algorithm can measure intelligence in humans, non-human animals and artificial systems. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated that it can measure the changing intelligence of an agent in a maze environment. This new measure of intelligence could lead to a much better understanding of the relationship between intelligence and consciousness in natural and artificial systems, and it has many practical applications, particularly in AI safety.

The elements of public administration theory in the “projects” of Count P. I. Shuvalov

The subject of this research is the development of theoretical representations on the mechanism of public administration in Russia of the XVIII century. The goal is to determine in the texts of draft reforms prepared by Count P. I. Shuvalov the provisions on the objectives and principles of public administration, as well as to analyze his views on the process of reforming state and social institutions. In the texts of P. I. Shuvalov examines such elements of public administration theory as the administrative objectives, its subject matter, instruments, and administrative decision-making process. It allowed establishing correlation between the two concepts: “the good of the state” and “the common good”, as the goals pursued by public administration. The formulated by Shuvalov principles of public administration fully corresponded to the principles advanced by the philosophers of the European Enlightenment. The conducted analysis decision-making mechanism reveals a universal algorithm, which implies several stages of development of the reforms: a) outlining the problem that needs to be solved using the instruments of public administration ; b) determining the causes of this problem; c) proposing solution to the problem, d) discussing the proposed solution, indicating the instruments that need to be implemented by the state.

Automation of Enterprise Business Processes Using the Method of Stochastic Modeling and WorkFlow Techniques – EPC

The article is aimed at improving the theoretical and methodical instrumentarium for automating business processes in the context of developing a universal algorithm for optimizing and automating business processes of an enterprise using the stochastic modeling method and WorkFlow techniques – EPC. As result of the research, the authors’ approaches to defining the fundamental principles of automation of enterprise business processes are analyzed. The expediency of practical use of the stochastic modeling method and WorkFlow techniques – EPC for optimization of business processes is specified. Practical recommendations on the management of automation of business processes at the domestic enterprise using the stochastic modeling method are provided. It is proved that the use of the proposed algorithm of automation of business processes makes it possible to significantly increase the likelihood of its urgent and unimpeded implementation (in terms of the project implementation). Prospects for further research in this direction are the analysis of the problems of evaluating the efficiency of business processes of enterprise, in particular, the use of the control points method for the formation of an intra-organization system of audit for basic business processes. Specific notations of business process modeling in the context of their application in the realities of domestic doing business require additional research and analysis.