Anomaly Negative Resistance Phenomena in Highly Epitaxial PrBa0.7Ca0.3Co2O5+δ Thin Films Induced from Superfast Redox Reactions

Thin films of Ca-doped double perovskite, PrBa0.7Ca0.3Co2O5+δ (PBCC), were epitaxially grown on (001) SrTiO3, and their redox reactions under a switching flow of H2 and O2 gases were examined at various temperatures by measuring the resistance R(t) of the films as a function of the gas flow time t. In the temperature range between 350 and 725 °C, these thin films are reduced and oxidized in an ultrafast manner under the flow of H2 and O2 gases, respectively, suggesting that PBCC thin films are promising candidates for developing ultra-sensitive oxygen sensors or SOFC cathodes at intermediate or high temperatures. When the gas flow is switched to O2, the reduced PBCC thin films exhibit a negative resistance at temperatures above 600 °C but a positive resistance at temperatures below 600 °C. The probable cause for these anomalous transport properties is the diffusion of the H atoms from the cathode to the anode in the PBCC film, which provides a current opposite to that resulting from the external voltage.

Comparison of Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) of Core Voltage Using the On-board Voltage Regulator and External Voltage Regulator via I2C Protocol in Automotive Micro controller

Dynamic Voltage Scaling is performed on automotive micro-controller AURIX from Infineon Technologies. In this micro-controller the core and different IPs operate on the 1.25 V supply rail, so dynamically voltage is changed according to the workload in the micro-controller. DVS is done either using an internal onboard voltage regulator or an external voltage regulator. An External board (KITPF3000FRDMEV), which has a controller and a Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC) is used for changing the supply voltage to the micro-controller during DVS using an external voltage regulator. The micro-controller is predicting the workload and according to workload, the control command is sent to the controller (FRDM-KL25) in the kit through I2C communication and then the controller sends the command to adjust the voltage of PMIC (PF3000) through I2C communication. Both current measurements for the internal voltage regulator and external voltage regulator are measured for various loads and latency is measured for various baud rates while using external voltage regulator through I2C protocol.

Elongated-Hexagonal Photonic Crystal for Buffering, Sensing, and Modulation

A paradigm for high buffering performance with an essential fulfillment for sensing and modulation was set forth. Through substituting the fundamental two rows of air holes in an elongated hexagonal photonic crystal (E-PhC) by one row of the triangular gaps, the EPCW is molded to form an irregular waveguide. By properly adjusting the triangle dimension solitary, we fulfilled the lowest favorable value of the physical-size of each stored bit by about μ5.5510 μm. Besides, the EPCW is highly sensitive to refractive index (RI) perturbation attributed to the medium through infiltrating the triangular gaps inside the EPCW by microfluid with high RI sensitivity of about 379.87 nm/RIU. Furthermore, dynamic modulation can be achieved by applying external voltage and high electro-optical (EO) sensitivity is obtained of about 748.407 nm/RIU. The higher sensitivity is attributable to strong optical confinement in the waveguide region and enhanced light-matter interaction in the region of the microfluid triangular gaps inside the EPCW and conventional gaps (air holes). The EPCW structure enhances the interaction between the light and the sensing medium.

Transformation of the Nanoporous Structure of Anodic Aluminium Oxide and its “Nonelectrolysis” Electroluminescence

On a film of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) formed by electrolytic oxidation in distilled water (DW), the growth, transformation of its nanoporous structure, and the generation of electroluminescence (EL) in ketones and related compounds containing carbonyl groups were studied. For those contributing to the brightest EL – acetylacetone and methylpyrrolidone, it was found that the processes described in these electrolytes proceed with the highest intensity. Under the same electrolytes and conditions, similar processes, but with a lower intensity, proceed for A2O3 formed on pure aluminum. It was found that, with the external voltage, thermodynamic and geometrical parameters of the electrolytic system being constant, the brightness characteristics of the EL of the anodic Al2O3 are influenced by its structural organization and the electrophysical characteristics of the electrolyte surrounding the oxide film, which is proposed to be arbitrarily called “nonelectrolysis” because electrolysis products are not revealed in it.