Spectral Relative Attenuation of Solar Radiation through a Skylight Focused on Preventive Conservation: Museo De L’almoina in Valencia (Spain) Case Study

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative attenuation of VIS, UV and NIR solar radiation through a large pond skylight into the interior of the l’Almoina Archaeological Museum (Valencia, Spain), and to determine how relative attenuation varied throughout the year and time of day. Measurements were taken at 9:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m. and 3:00 p.m. during July 2019 and January 2020. Relative attenuation values were obtained from the measurement of spectral irradiance in the exterior and at different points in the interior by means of two Ocean Optics spectrometers: HR4000CG-UV-NIR for VIS (400–700 nm) and NIR (700–1000 nm) bands, and FLAME-S-UV-VIS for UV-A (280–315 nm) and UV-A (315–400 nm) bands. The central points of the skylight had relative attenuation at 520 nm, reaching a value of 50% in summer at noon and 38% in the afternoon. At noon in winter, there were two relative attenuation peaks above 33% at 520 nm and at 900 nm. For mean relative attenuation, in the UVB range, the highest relative attenuation (20%) was inside the ruins in the morning in both summer and winter, and the UVA band relative attenuation was quite constant throughout the museum, but lower than that of the UVB band, in the range 0–3%.

Sprung mass positioning by semi-actively controlled damper

Recently, the intensive wear of rails, especially in curves of small radii and at switches, has been studied. The wear is caused by the high lateral force peak of the wheel against the rail when entering the curves. An effective solution for reducing undesirable lateral forces on the rail is to rotate the vehicle bogie in the direction of the rail curve, which influences the distribution of lateral force over the first and second wheelset. This reduces the force peak and thus the track wear. The bogie rotation is nowadays realized by actuators, which replace the yaw dampers. However, actuator implementation is complicated, expensive, energyintensive and demanding for the performance of a fail-safe system. From this point of view, a semi-actively controlled yaw damper appears to be a better candidate. An algorithm such as Skyhook can hold the sprung mass in the desired position. It is believed to be possible to rotate the vehicle bogie by the special S/A control strategy of a yaw damper. This paper deals with the possibilities and limits of the positioning of the sprung mass by the semi-actively controlled damper. It has been shown that the system relative attenuation and the damper response time have the greatest influence on the mass positioning efficiency.

Широкополосная фильтрация рентгеновского спектра при прохождении через поликапиллярную структуру

The efficiency of broadband filtering of a polychromatic X-ray spectrum by a polycapillary structure in the region of photon energies E > 10 keV was demonstrated. A polycapillary 40.5-mm-long rod made of borosilicate glass and containing 10^6 parallel hexagonal capillaries was used as a filter. Filtering was performed by introducing a misalignment of 0–4 mrad between the axis of this capillary structure and the primary beam direction. The relative attenuation of spectral density observed at energies ranging from 12 to 23 keV was as high as 17 dB.

ЕПІЗООТОЛОГІЧНИЙ МОНІТОРИНГ СКАЗУ ТВАРИН У ЛЬВІВСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ ЗА 2014–2016 РОКИ, АНАЛІЗ ПРОВЕДЕНИХ АНТИРАБІЧНИХ ЗАХОДІВ

It was found that the main source of rabies in our time are the foxes, the share of which exceeds 50% of the diseased animals. Probability bitten animal diseases depends on the number of supported bites, their location, extent of tissue damage, and amount of virus virulence.It notes some cyclicality in the emergence of rabies outbreaks. Periods of relative attenuation of infection are replaced with new lifts every 3 – 4 years. It was found that durig the period from 2014 to 2016 it was registered 57 unfavorable items rabies animals in the Lviv region. Among them: the fox – 36; dogs – 11; cats – 9; ferrets – 1. In 2014 eight disadvantaged areas with rabies foxes has been recorded, in 2015 – 8, 2016 – six disadvantaged areas. By the number of animal deaths the first place belongs to the foxes, the second dog place on the third and fourth cat – ferret. The weak link in the system of measures to combat rabies infection is the lack of work on the elimination of stray animals (dogs and cats) and a decrease in the population of foxes, as well as the failure to implement fully the annual vaccination of dogs and lack of oral immunization of wildlife species. Today a vaccine based on a recombinant strain «V–RG» for the oral immunization of wild carnivores registered in Ukraine, which is produced by LLC «Ukrvetprompostach», Brovary, Kiev region, Ukraine.