Growth of celery (Apium graveolens L.) in the red-yellow podzolic soils as inoculated by earthworms Pontoscolex corethrurus

In this study, the inoculation effect of earthworms Pontoscolex corethrurus on celery growth (Apium graveolens L.) has been carried out in red-yellow podzolic (RYP) soils. The research studied in a pot experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 (six) treatments and 3 (three) replications. One-pot consists of 4 (four) plants. The treatments carried out were as follows: I0 (without inoculum of earthworm), I1 (inoculum of 5 earthworms pot-1), I2 (inoculum of 10 earthworms pot-1), I3 (inoculum of 15 earthworms pot-1), I4 (inoculum of 10 earthworms pot-1) and I5 (inoculum of 25 earthworms pot-1). Observation parameters were the number of tillers clumps-1, fresh biomass clumps-1 (g clump-1), and root volume (mL). The observations were statistically analyzed using variance (one-way ANOVA) and followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a level of 5%. Treatment I5 gave the best results on celery crop in all parameters, i.e., 20.33 tillers per hill; fresh biomass per clump 113.93 g; and a root volume of 10 mL. The results showed that earthworms' inoculation into RYP soils significantly affected all parameters. There was also an increase in pH in each treatment that was inoculated with earthworms.

PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PROFENOFOS INSECTICIDE TOWARDS CONSUMPTION RATE 6 AND ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY OF COW – DUNG BY EARTHWORMS 7 PONTOSCOLE CORETHRURUS FR. MULL

The purpose of this research is to determined the effect of insecticide profenofos to the rate of consumption and assimilation efficiency of cow- dung by earthworms Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr. Mull. This research used Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 5 repetition. Treatments that was given to sample are the insecticide profenofos with concentration of 0 % (control); 0.1%; 0.2 %; 0.3 %; 0.4 %; 0.5 %. Data analysis was using Varians Analysis. If there was real difference then data analysis continued with The Duncan Test on level of confidence of 95%. The results of this research show us that several concentration of insecticide carbaryl have the real effect to the average of consumption rate and the efficiency of absorption. The lowest average of consumption rate on earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr.Mull is on concentration of 0.5 % (0.23 ± 0.02 mg/g day) and the highest average of consumption 26 rate on earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr. Mull is on concentration of 0% (control) (2.53 ± 0.05 mg/g day). The lowest average of approach digestyon earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus is on concentration of 0 % (control) (40.78 28 ± 2.56 %) and the highest average of digestion earth worm Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr.Mull is on concentration of 0.5 % 29 (70.76 ± 3.67 %).

Macrofauna edáfica em cultivo orgânico de cana-de-açúcar no norte do estado do Paraná, Brasil

Os organismos do solo desempenham papel predominante na formação e manutenção da estrutura do solo, e suas atividades afetam os processos físicos, químicos e biológicos do ecossistema edáfico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento da macrofauna edáfica em um sistema de cultivo orgânico de cana-de-açúcar. Foram realizadas amostragens de solo no verão e inverno, nos anos de 2014 e 2015utilizando-se monólito para a coleta, e separando o solo em três camadas nas profundidades de 0-10, 10-20 e 20-30 cm. Em laboratório as amostras foram triadas e os invertebrados separados em Filos, contados e identificados. Os valores de abundância foram submetidos ao teste de médias Fisher LSD (p< 0,05) e feita também a Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). Foram encontrados 5.760 indivíduos m-², concentrados na camada de 0-10 cm da superfície do solo, e no verão de 2014 ocorreu a maior diversidade populacional da macrofauna edáfica. Predominaram os grupos Formicidae, Chilopoda, Isopoda e Oligochaeta e, neste último, a espécie peregrina Pontoscolex corethrurus, cuja ocorrência sugere perturbações antrópicas.

A new earthworm species of the genus Rhinodrilus (Rhinodrilidae, Clitellata) and new records of earthworms species from the Amazon-Cerrado-Caatinga transition in the State of Maranhão, Brazil

We describe a new species of the genus Rhinodrilus from the transition between the Amazon, Cerrado and Caatinga biomes in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. The region is currently being converted to large-scale agriculture, which may cause severe losses in the local fauna and flora diversity yet very poorly studied. Rhinodrilus antonioi sp. nov. has irregular setae in the posterior region of the body, spermathecae without diverticula, tubercula pubertatis in the form of band extended in the line BC in XXI–XXV and clitellum from XIV–XXVII. Five new records are reported for the region, Dichogaster bolaui, Liodrilus mendesi, Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) corethrurus, Urobenus brasiliensis and Urobenus petrerei.