Prospects of reproduction by green stem cuttings of species and varieties of the genus actinidia lindl. for landscaping in the conditions of the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

Research focuses on the study of the laws of the passage of the subordinate root formation processes that determine the formation of the woody stem cuttings of the root system and the improvement of agricultural practices of individual varieties of seedlings growing Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr. et Maxim.), Actinidia arguta (Siebold et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. and Actinidia purpurea Rehd. based on the technology of stem grafting in the agro-climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The object of study : the process of creation of quality planting material Actinidia Lindl., depending on the varieties, characteristics, shoots, shoots and timing of harvesting and grafting concentrations of biologically – active substance KANO (10 % solution of potassium salt of α-naphthalene acetic acid).The subject was: the cultivation of own-rooted seedlings of varieties of Lasunka, Pomarancheva, Kyivska hibrydna, Kyivska krupnoplidna, Purpurna sadova, Sentiabrska, Samoplidna, Fihurna, Don Zhuan (male form). Investigations were carried out in nurseries Uman National University of Horticulture, National Park arboretum «Sofievka» NAS and private enterprise «Brusvyana». Found that the lignified stem cuttings of Actinidia Lindl. varieties have a low regenerative capacity, and their rooting depends on the variety, planting and harvesting dates on the rooting zone of the escape and its metamerically. It is shown that the improvement of the methods of stem grafting varieties of Actinidia Lindl. in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine can be achieved by inducing activity of rizogenenez stem cuttings of biologically – active substance auxin nature KANO with optimum application rate of 10–15 ml/l. Three-node cuttings and quadrangular, harvested from the basal part of the shoot, the processing KANO aqueous solution at a concentration of 10-15 ml/l , rooted, depending on the variety, within 89,–94,2 %, which is 40,2–44, 2 % higher than the control experiment embodiment. The selection and cultivation of varieties of blueberry seedlings in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine is one of the important aspects of fruit growing. Their limited distribution mated with insufficient study of the biological characteristics of effective methods of cultivation and breeding. Therefore, improvement of agronomic measure accelerated reproduction of stem cuttings has theoretical and practical importance.

THE EFFICIENCY OF DIHYDROQUERCETIN IN THE FEEDING OF BROILER CHICKENS

The purpose of the research was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of using a natural antioxidant of plant origin – dihydroquercetin (DHA), as a biologically active substance, in combination with the main standard diet of broiler chickens. Scientific and economic experience conducted in production conditions on broiler chickens of the "COBB-500" cross allowed us to objectively establish that the addition of the biologically active substance Dihydroquercetin to mixed feed contributes to the increase in meat productivity and safety of broiler chickens. Feeding of broiler chickens was carried out with full-fledged compound feeds, in accordance with the recommendations of the originator for this cross. In terms of energy nutrition and the content of nutrient active substances, they were the same and differed between the groups in the amount of the additive administered. Chickens of the 1st control group received only feed (basic diet), the 2nd experimental group – advanced antioxidant supplement Dihydroquercetin in the amount of 0.5 g per 100 g of feed, the 3rd – 0.75 g per 100 g of feed, and 4th – 1 g per 100 g of feed. The duration of the experiment was 40 days and to clarify the effectiveness of increasing the duration of the broiler fattening period, it was extended to 60 days. Broiler chickens were reared on the floor, temperature and light conditions, air humidity, feeding and watering front of the bird during the experiment corresponded to the recommended standards. As a result of the conducted studies on the effect of adding optimal levels of biologically active feed additive Dihydroquercetin to the diet of broiler chickens, it was found that during the growing period, a higher coefficient of live weight gain was established in broiler chickens of the 3rd and 4th experimental groups, whose live weight increased by 105.32 and 120.48 times by the age of 40 days, while in broiler chickens of the 2nd experimental group by 102.57 times and the lowest–in control group chickens only in 90.96 times. The selected feed additive can be considered as an alternative to the use of feed antibiotics in the feeding of broiler chickens in industrial poultry farming technology.

One-Step Synthesis of Magnetic Nanocomposite with Embedded Biologically Active Substance

Magnetic nanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite were prepared by a one-step process using the hydrothermal coprecipitation method to sinter iron oxides (Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3). The possibility of expanding the proposed technique for the synthesis of magnetic composite with embedded biologically active substance (BAS) of the 2-arylaminopyrimidine group was shown. The composition, morphology, structural features, and magnetic characteristics of the nanocomposites synthesized with and without BAS were studied. The introduction of BAS into the composite synthesis resulted in minor changes in the structural and physical properties. The specificity of the chemical bonds between BAS and the hydroxyapatite-magnetite core was revealed. The kinetics of the BAS release in a solution simulating the stomach environment was studied. The cytotoxicity of (HAP)FexOy and (HAP)FexOy + BAS composites was studied in vitro using the primary culture of human liver carcinoma cells HepG2. The synthesized magnetic composites with BAS have a high potential for use in the biomedical field, for example, as carriers for magnetically controlled drug delivery and materials for bone tissue engineering.

BIODEGRADABLE NANOSPHERES - CURRENT STATUS

Nanospheres are polymeric matrix of spherical shape that ranges in size between 10- 200 nm in diameter. The drug is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to the matrix of polymer. The nature of nanospheres can be amorphous or crystalline, and they potentiate to protect the drug from chemical and enzymatic degradation. In the matrix of this polymer, a drug will evenly distribute as well as physically and uniformly disperse and can enclose a variety of drugs, enzymes and, genes, providing a long circulation time. Nanospheres have the capability to convert poorly soluble, poorly absorbed and labile biologically active substance into promising deliverable drugs. This review focuses on the mechanism for synthesis of nano-based drug delivery systems, characterization, and application of biodegradable nanospheres and mainly on successful formulations based on biodegradable nanospheres.

Microemulsions based on polyglycerol polyricinoleate as drug delivery systems

The aim of the work is to develop composition of reverse microemulsion stabilized by the surfactant from a number of polyglycerol polyricinoleates for encapsulating water-soluble biologically active substance (BAS) and studying the kinetics of its release into the medium simulating the medium of the small intestine. Materials and methods. Possible stable (equilibrium) phases of the reverse microemulsion in the pseudoternary system water–PG-3-PR/Tween 80–paraffin oil were determined by titration of surfactant/co-surfactant mixtures–oil in water with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values of the surfactant mixture ranging from 4.0 to 7.0. Stability of a number of compositions during storage at 20 °C for 6 months was studied. Based on the obtained data, a composition was selected for encapsulating methylene blue (MS) dye as a model of a water-soluble biologically active substance. Microemulsion was obtained by mixing paraffin oil and surfactants with selected mass ratio followed by the addition of an aqueous phase. Reverse microemulsion morphology was evaluated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To evaluate the in vitro drug release rate, aliquots of an aqueous dye solution (control sample) and MB-containing microemulsions were placed in dialysis bags and immersed in 0.01 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.4) in a thermostatic shaking incubator at 180 rpm and 37 °C. Aliquots of the release medium were selected at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of MB dye was determined using a UV spectrophotometer at 660 nm. Results. Composition containing 13.5 wt% paraffin oil, 76.5 wt% mixture of PG3-PR/Tween 80 (HLB 5.5) and 10 wt% water was chosen to encapsulate the biologically active agents. Number average droplet diameter in the dispersed phase of the obtained microemulsion was 55 nm. Dye-loaded microemulsion sample showed a prolonged release of biologically active substances within 48 hours of the experiment (15.2%) and low initial release rate. Conclusion. Possible stable phases of reverse microemulsion in the pseudoternary system water–PG-3-PR/Twin 80–paraffin oil were determined in the course of the work and optimal microemulsion composition for encapsulating medicinal substances was found. It was shown that the resulting microemulsion system provides a sustained release of methylene blue as a model of a water-soluble biologically active substance in a medium simulating medium of the small intestine. The obtained data allow to consider this composition as a potential nanoscale system for the sustained delivery of water-soluble drugs.

Development of UV-spectrophotometry Method of the Quantitative Determination of a New Substance Quinazoline-4(3h)-on Derivate

Introduction. The aim idea of this research article is a development of the quantitative determination of a biologically active substance quinazolin4(3H)-on derivate with laboratory cypher «VMA-10-182, by UV-spectrophotometry with followed validation. The substance is an effective remedy that combines several pharmacological effects, like an antidepressant, anxiolytic and nootropic. As a result of preclinical trials, the research compound has proven to be an effective remedy in the fight and prevention of acute cerebrovascular accident (stroke). The substance realized pharmacological effects by stimulating the production of nitric oxide by the endothelial cells of the brain. As aresult of stimulating is a vasodilation of the vessels and improvement of blood flow in the ischemic part of the vessels occur. Therefore, for introducing the biologically active substance into medical practice we need to develop ways to control the quality of substance.Aim. The objective of this research work is to develop a method of the quantitative determination of a biologically active substance, derivative quinazolin-4(3H)-on (laboratory sypher – VMA-10-18), by method of UV spectrophotometry. The results of the research work were validated.Materials and methods. In this research we used a substance VMA-10-18 wich was previously purified from the initial and intermediate products of the synthesis. This substance is a white crystalline powder, odorless, hygroscopic.Results and discussion. The quantitative content of the active substance derived quinazolin-4(3H)-on has been determined. The specific absorption rate was calculated, followed by statistical processing of the results. The validation was carried out according to the «Specificity», «Linearity», «Accuracy», «Repeatability». The results indicate the effectiveness of the developed methodology and experimental reproducibility.Conclusion. Researches of physicochemical properties show al us use 95 % ethanol as a solvent. As a result we developed a method for the quantitative determination of the substance which can be proposed for inclusion in the normative documents. The quantitative determination of the active substance in the test substance was established, and the specific absorption index was calculated. All information are statistically processed and meet the requirements of regulatory documentation.