Pass-and-swap queues

Order-independent (OI) queues, introduced by Berezner et al. (Queueing Syst 19(4):345–359, 1995), expanded the family of multi-class queues that are known to have a product-form stationary distribution by allowing for intricate class-dependent service rates. This paper further broadens this family by introducing pass-and-swap (P&S) queues, an extension of OI queues where, upon a service completion, the customer that completes service is not necessarily the one that leaves the system. More precisely, we supplement the OI queue model with an undirected graph on the customer classes, which we call a swapping graph, such that there is an edge between two classes if customers of these classes can be swapped with one another. When a customer completes service, it passes over customers in the remainder of the queue until it finds a customer it can swap positions with, that is, a customer whose class is a neighbor in the graph. In its turn, the customer that is ejected from its position takes the position of the next customer it can be swapped with, and so on. This is repeated until a customer can no longer find another customer to be swapped with; this customer is the one that leaves the queue. After proving that P&S queues have a product-form stationary distribution, we derive a necessary and sufficient stability condition for (open networks of) P&S queues that also applies to OI queues. We then study irreducibility properties of closed networks of P&S queues and derive the corresponding product-form stationary distribution. Lastly, we demonstrate that closed networks of P&S queues can be applied to describe the dynamics of new and existing load-distribution and scheduling protocols in clusters of machines in which jobs have assignment constraints.

The New Face of Medicine –care flow strategies developed during COVID

The COVID-19 pandemic has redefined the practice of medicine. Adaptive care models to sustain access through integration of virtual and in person essential services have been implemented. Utilization of novel scheduling protocols can create a safe and efficient clinic experience for children and staff in this pandemic time.

Survey: energy efficient protocols using radio scheduling in wireless sensor network

An efficient energy management scheme is crucial factor for design and implementation of any sensor network. Almost all sensor networks are structured with numerous small sized, low cost sensor devices which are scattered over the large area. To improvise the network performance by high throughput with minimum energy consumption, an energy efficient radio scheduling MAC protocol is effective solution, since MAC layer has the capability to collaborate with distributed wireless networks. The present survey study provides relevant research work towards radio scheduling mechanism in the design of energy efficient wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The various radio scheduling protocols are exist in the literature, which has some limitations. Therefore, it is require developing a new energy efficient radio scheduling protocol to perform multi tasks with minimum energy consumption (e.g. data transmission). The most of research studies paying more attention towards to enhance the overall network lifetime with the aim of using energy efficient scheduling protocol. In that context, this survey study overviews the different categories of MAC based radio scheduling protocols and those protocols are measured by evaluating their data transmission capability, energy efficiency, and network performance. With the extensive analysis of existing works, many research challenges are stated. Also provides future directions for new WSN design at the end of this survey.

Design of Routing Protocols in IoT

IoT is an emerging technology nowadays and it has many applications in our day to day life. Through Internet of Things, millions of devices can be connected to the internet which can communicate each other by exchanging the data. For efficient transmission of packets, proper routing and scheduling alga- rhythms are required. Efficient routing and scheduling strategies ensure proper resource allocation in the network. Most of the IoT system uses the effective packet scheduling and routing concepts to enhance the performance of the network. This paper describes the concepts of various routing and scheduling protocols used in Internet of Things. Working of different protocols and its merits ands merry serial sodas sled in this art icle.

Challenging research for networked control systems: A survey

Nowadays, networked control systems (NCSs) have been a popular research topic in both academia and industry areas. However, the NCSs also present great challenging problems due to imperfect communication, node moving, external interference and hacker attack. In this paper, we review some of the recent challenging researches for NCSs. Several concerned research subjects in NCSs are surveyed, including network-induced delays, packet dropouts, packet disordering, external disturbance, parameter uncertainty, data quantization, event-triggers mechanism, sensor or actuator failures, scheduling protocols, network attack and network topology. Correspondingly, various control laws to deal with these issues are discussed. Finally, some conclusions are given, and possible future directions are explored.