Global aspects of measure preserving equivalence relations and graphs

This paper is an introduction and survey of a “global” theory of measure preserving equivalence relations and graphs. In this theory one views a measure preserving equivalence relation or graph as a point in an appropriate topological space and then studies the properties of this space from a topological, descriptive set theoretic and dynamical point of view.

Equilibria Existence in Bayesian Games: Climbing the Countable Borel Equivalence Relation Hierarchy

The solution concept of a Bayesian equilibrium of a Bayesian game is inherently an interim concept. The corresponding ex ante solution concept has been termed a Harsányi equilibrium; examples have appeared in the literature showing that there are Bayesian games with uncountable state spaces that have no Bayesian approximate equilibria but do admit a Harsányi approximate equilibrium, thus exhibiting divergent behaviour in the ex ante and interim stages. Smoothness, a concept from descriptive set theory, has been shown in previous works to guarantee the existence of Bayesian equilibria. We show here that higher rungs in the countable Borel equivalence relation hierarchy can also shed light on equilibrium existence. In particular, hyperfiniteness, the next step above smoothness, is a sufficient condition for the existence of Harsányi approximate equilibria in purely atomic Bayesian games.

Russian Polyptoton: Grammatic Form and Rhetorical Content

The article uses a narrow understanding of polyptoton (repetition of a word in different cases), which goes back to classical rhetoric. This allows to consider the specifics of the polyploton in the Russian language with its developed case system. The Russian polyptoton can be reduced to four types. We distinguish an intensive polyptoton, an extensive polyptoton, a contrasting polyptote and a descriptive set type. All these types express the category of plurality in different ways. A good example of intensive polyploton is biblical phrases like “song of songs”. Such a polyptot is called a genitive superlative. There is also a way of expressing superlativeness in Russian with the help of the instrumental case like дурак дураком. Intensive polyptoton can also express the meaning of reflexivity: слово о словах, каталог каталогов. The extensive type of polyptote coincides with a figure called an epimone. Unlike the other three types of polypoton, it is not associated with binomials and can form a rather long row with a word in different cases. The contrasting polyptoton is the antithesis within one word, as in the Latin proverb: homo homini lupus est. Polyptoton describing a set - a phenomenon not yet studied in Russian grammar. The Russian polyptoton is interesting in that it manifests itself in different inflections. Therefore, the widespread understanding of a polypoton as a repetition of words with one root is not relevant for the Russian language. Russian polyptoton is as far as possible from paranomazia, pun. Its grammatical nature is strongly expressed.

Gambaran Pelaksanaan Social Distancing dan Protokol Kesehatan dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 pada Mahasiswa

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease that is becoming a worldwide epidemic during this time. Cheap and easy preventive measures to help reduce the transmission and spread of COVID-19, are including; social distancing, wearing mask, washing hands, and physical distancing. The research aim was to identify the implementation of social distancing and health protocols during the pandemic of COVID-19 among the student. The descriptive design was used to the 222 students which were selected by a simple random sampling technique. The independent variables are including social and physical distancing, wearing proper masks, and washing hands regularly. Online-based questionnaires of social distancing implementation and health protocol handed over to the participant. Data were analyzed using a sort of descriptive set. The results showed most of the participants practice the social distancing and physical distancing (64.9%), wearing proper masks (95%), and washing their hands regularly (58.1%). Further observation to the implementation of social distancing and health protocols of COVID-19 incident in the Indonesian education environment is demanding to avoid highly positive confirmed case among the university students.

Dense Orbits of the Bayesian Updating Group Action

We study dynamic properties of the group action on the simplex that is induced by Bayesian updating. We show that, generically, the orbits are dense in the simplex, although one must make use of the entire group, hence departing from straightforward Bayesian updating. We demonstrate also the necessity of the genericity of the signalling structure, a relationship to descriptive set theoretical concepts, and applications thereof to repeated games of incomplete information, as well a strengthening concerning the group action on itself.

Topological Manifolds and Polish Spaces

We give,as a preliminary result, some topological characterizations of locally compact second-countable Hausdorff spaces. Then we show that a topological manifold, with boundary or not,is precisely a Polish space with a coordinate open cover; this connects geometry with descriptive set theory.

Exploring tactical choices and game design outcomes in a simple wargame ‘Take that Hill’ by a systematic approach using experimental design.

Experimental Design (ED) technique is a proven analytical method used in the chemicals industry. We have taken this approach and applied it to Phil Sabin's ‘Take That Hill’, a simple wargame presented at Connections 2014. By evolving the tactical turn game choices into playable full-game strategies, a descriptive set of game outcomes can be delivered and optimised to produce winning strategies. This provides a systematic approach to testing a game, with full post-game deconstructive analysis which is capable of being used to identify flaws, and find optimal strategies in playing the game. The most successful strategies found by ED outperformed individual strategies developed by experienced players. ED allowed pairing of obvious good play with seemingly counterintuitive play that were found to work well in unexpected combinations.

GAMBARAN TANDA INFEKSI LOKAL LUKA POST SIRKUMSISI PADA USIA DEWASA DI KLINIK RATANCA MALANG

Khitan or sirkumsisi is the act of cutting or completely wash out most cover foreskin of the penis based health reasons, culture or religious belief . The act of sirkumsisi going to leave scar tissue that need attention the handling and so does not carry infection. The Research aimed to identify marks infection of local injuries post sirkumsisi among those persons sirkumsisi in adult at ratanca malang clinic .The research uses observational descriptive design .The population all participants who register as many as 20 sirkumsisi operation of a person taken in total the sampling method .Variable free consisting of pain , reddish , heat , swollen , and the existence of the pus to wounds post sirkumsisi 3rd day .Data analyzed a sort of descriptive set .The results of the study or the sign of a local infection consisting of a reddish (95%) , pain (95%) , heat (85%), swollen (85%), and the absence of pus (80%) in about wound post sirkumsisi . Further Research said must be implemented to observe sirkumsisi wound among respondents adults in a longer period of time and measuring factors influencing the healing of injured sirkumsi.