scholarly journals Russian Polyptoton: Grammatic Form and Rhetorical Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Georgy G. Khazagerov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Song Of Songs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Classical Rhetoric ◽  
Case System ◽  
Instrumental Case ◽  
Descriptive Set ◽  
The Russian Language

The article uses a narrow understanding of polyptoton (repetition of a word in different cases), which goes back to classical rhetoric. This allows to consider the specifics of the polyploton in the Russian language with its developed case system. The Russian polyptoton can be reduced to four types. We distinguish an intensive polyptoton, an extensive polyptoton, a contrasting polyptote and a descriptive set type. All these types express the category of plurality in different ways. A good example of intensive polyploton is biblical phrases like “song of songs”. Such a polyptot is called a genitive superlative. There is also a way of expressing superlativeness in Russian with the help of the instrumental case like дурак дураком. Intensive polyptoton can also express the meaning of reflexivity: слово о словах, каталог каталогов. The extensive type of polyptote coincides with a figure called an epimone. Unlike the other three types of polypoton, it is not associated with binomials and can form a rather long row with a word in different cases. The contrasting polyptoton is the antithesis within one word, as in the Latin proverb: homo homini lupus est. Polyptoton describing a set - a phenomenon not yet studied in Russian grammar. The Russian polyptoton is interesting in that it manifests itself in different inflections. Therefore, the widespread understanding of a polypoton as a repetition of words with one root is not relevant for the Russian language. Russian polyptoton is as far as possible from paranomazia, pun. Its grammatical nature is strongly expressed.

scholarly journals UKRAINIAN OIKONYMS MOTIVATED BY PLANT NAMES: STRUCTURAL, WORD-FORMATION AND MORPHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Maksym Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Current List

The article analyzes structural, word-formation and morphological peculiarities of Ukrainian oikonyms motivated by plant names. The conducted research of fixed in the «History of Cities and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR» and «Administrative and Territorial System of Ukraine» for 2019 (current list of Ukrainian oikonyms) confirmed the opinion of many linguists that the most productive way of creating names of settlements is the suffixation, on the other hand, far fewer units are formed with the help of compounding and prefixation. The following groups were distinguished on the basis of the analysis of oikonym-phrases formed from plant names: oikonym-phrase in which the noun is motivated by the plant name and the adjective indicates colour; oikonym-phrases in which one of the components is in the most cases an adjective motivated by plant name, and the main noun is one of the types of landscape, etc. We have considered some interesting oikonym-phrases which occur in all regions of Ukraine, for example, с. Кисла Дубина, с. Красні Лози, с. Мокра Рокитна etc. Some of the names of settlements have been significantly influenced by the Russian language, especially at the morphological level.

Towards the explication of the universals of the Russian language personality on the model of the associative-verbal network

2021 ◽  
pp. 314-329
Author(s):  
Irina V. Shaposhnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Gradual Accumulation ◽  
Verbal Processes ◽  
The One ◽  
The Russian Language

The study of the universals of the Russian language personality on the model of the associative-verbal network (AVN) proceeds from ontological and epistemological aspects. Ontologically the AVN “inherits” a number of functional properties from the human cognitome hypernetwork. Along with the dissipation of grammar and stochastic formation of the vectors of associative dominants, they can be attributed to universals in the narrow sense of the word (ultimately due to the evolutionary biological specifics of the species). On the one hand, the dissipated character of grammar in the AVN and stochasticity of the emergence of meaningful vectors impose epistemological restrictions on the methods used to study the AVN phenomena. On the other hand, the gradual accumulation of the new Russian corpora of verbal associations opens a window of research perspectives for studying culturally imposed universals of the Russian language personality in current diachrony with reference to ethno-social and regional variability. The formalization of associative-verbal processes is associated with methods of explicating grammar (dissipated in AVN) and its role in the emergent meaning-formation. The author’s techniques of working with the AVN of the Russian language personality on the latest experimental materials (the database SIBAS and its subcorpora) are aimed at explicating the associative profiles of lexico-grammatical phenomena and their relevance for the analysis of the universals in a broad sense of the term, the associative dominants creating a unified but dynamic with their fluctuations semantic field of the personality’s verbal culture.

scholarly journals The Translator as a Mediator in the Dialogue of Literatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Yuanchun Li ◽  
Landysh G. Latfullina ◽  
Elvira F. Nagumanova ◽  
Alsu Z. Khabibullina
Keyword(s):  
Large Time ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The World ◽  
Word Translation ◽  
Foreign Work ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Russian Language

<p>The article raises the issue of translating the works of national literatures through an intermediate language since most of the works of the peoples of Russia find their readers in the world thanks to the Russian language. The urgency of this problem is obvious in modern conditions when the interest in Turkic-speaking literature is growing, and many Russian poets, like in the Soviet era, see themselves as the translators from national languages. On the example of the translation of the poem «tɵshtǝgechǝ bu kɵn – sǝer Һǝm iat …» (“the day is like a dream”) of the contemporary poetess Yulduz Minnullina both the strengths and the weaknesses of the modern translation school are considered. The word for word translation can lead to the unification of differences between literatures when the dominant language (the Russian language) imposes certain aesthetic principles on the original text. The most important aspect of the topic of interest is the consideration of the role of interlinear translation in the establishment of interliterary dialogue. Through interlinear translation a foreign work, endowed with its special world of ideas, images, national and artistic traditions, serves as the basis for dialogical relations that are indispensable for both the Russian-speaking reader who discovers the “other” literature, and the very work that is included in the dialogue in the “large time”. At the same time, the elimination of differences between literatures occurs when the translator, through the Russian language, by means of line-by-line translation, introduces the features of his own consciousness into a foreign work. In this case, the translation simplifies the content of the literature, equalizes the artistic merits, thereby projecting the life of the work onto communication, rather than dialogue.</p>

scholarly journals Sootechestvenniki (compatriots) in the 19th century: semantic profile based on the data of the National Corpus of the Russian language

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
S. T. Zolyan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

The concept “sootechestvenniki” is one of the key tools for self-description of society; it is an instrument for drawing borderlines between “we” and “they”. The article describes the development of the meaning of this word since its coinage. The word appeared in the 18th cen­tury as a merger of the Old Slavic and Old Russian ‘otechestvo’ (fatherland, understood as one’s place of origin) and the French ‘compatriot’. This merger resulted in the formation of two new prototypical meanings: one is civic, collective and elevated, and the other gravitates to ethnicity since it is used to refer to Russians. With the strengthening of state institutions in Russia, the first meaning was bound to dominate and it did at the beginning of the 19th century. However, one should speak not about the synthesis, but rather about the discordance of the two meanings. In the 19th century, another meaning developed in the semantic struc­ture of the word: ethnic Russians living abroad. Gradually, the word acquired new evaluative meanings, while negative connotations still prevailed. The basic oppositions (we — they, here — there, ours — alien) interacted in an ambiguous way, substituting each other. A variety of hy­brid “compatriots” arose: we are there, they are here, etc. The heterogeneity of the seman­tics of the word reflects collisions within society, which faced a tragic internal split in the 20th century.

scholarly journals Multilingual Internet Space and Teaching Foreign Students the Russian language in Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
Tatiana E. Vladimirova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Students ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Human Dimension ◽  
Pedagogical Discourse ◽  
The Social ◽  
Epistemological Position ◽  
The One ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to the consideration of teaching Russian to foreign students in the context of the growing popularity of the social network Instagram as an attractive learning environment that offers a variety of online services for Russian students. Particular attention is paid to foreign sites of the Russian language, which count from hundreds of thousands to a million or more views. This allowed, on the one hand, to identify the reasons for their relevance, and on the other hand, to reveal the underutilized potential of pedagogical discourse, which suggests 1) the human dimension of educational activity; 2) the attitude to the student as a person with his/her own project of selfdevelopment and 3) a certain epistemological position of the observer.

scholarly journals Chapter 15. Epilogue: Reflections on a Triangle

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Nesset
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistics ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Font Size ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Looking Back

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">Welcome to the other side! Thanks for travelling in time with me. Whether you read the whole book from beginning to end or just read selected chapters or sections, I hope you know more about the history of the Russian language than you did before you started reading. I will not review the contents of the book here, since each chapter contains a detailed summary. Instead, I offer some reflections on the three kinds of information you find in this book, and the relationship between them. Thinking about these issues will help you to go further in your study of the history of Russian – and historical linguistics in general.</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">Click on the links below to learn more!</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><a href="/index.php/SapEdu/article/downloadSuppFile/3505/159"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: medium;">15 Looking back</span></span></a></p>

scholarly journals Evolution of Number Names in Modern Russian

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-104
Author(s):  
Mariya Shulga
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Singular Number ◽  
Systematic Description ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Instrumental Case ◽  
Countable Noun ◽  
Syntactic Relations ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
Modern Russian

The paper deals with the evolution of morphological forms and syntactic relations of numerals which give names to categories of numbers. The ways of formation of a number name тысяча / tysjatscha and its part-of-speech signs are illustrated with the texts taken from the Russian National Corpus. It's the first systematic description of transition of a noun into a number name regarded as a complex grammatical process – morphological unification of case forms (instrumental case тысячью / tysjatschju); substitution of countable noun government by coordination with it in every indirect case; loss of syntactic forms of gender and number (i.e. their ability to correlate with words in gender and number); loss of morphological forms of the plural number and their substitution by forms of the singular number; formation of compound numerals on the bases of the numeral тысяча / tysjatscha; signs of morphological separation of the number name тысяча / tysjatscha and the name of quantity. The development and grammatical adaptation of тысяча / tysjatscha in the line of numerals is reported to have taken long. The article presents a sequence of obtaining new features of the numerals. Evolution of numerals is presented as a relevant grammatical process that implements synthetic potential of the Russian language grammatical system.

scholarly journals ON SOME RELICS OF THE OLD IRANIAN LEXICON IN THE TOPONYMY OF OSSETIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ю. ДЗИЦЦОЙТИ
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Place Names ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
Mountain Landscape ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South ◽  
The Russian Language

В статье рассматриваются реликты древнеиранской лексики в топонимии Осетии. Большинство из них представлено как в Северной, так и Южной Осетии. Многие реликты встречаются в составе двух и более топонимов. Иранская этимология рассматриваемых здесь реликтов вполне вероятна. Особый интерес представляют агиотопонимы (Ʒirijy ʒwar и др.), позволяющие дополнить наши представления о древнеосетинском пантеоне богов. Среди анализируемых топонимов довольно много названий горного ландшафта. Это свидетельствует о том, что лексемы, лежащие в их основе, еще недавно были в свободном употреблении. Основа *mar- ‘запруда’ представлена и в топонимии современной Украины и Северного Кавказа. Это свидетельствует о скифском и аланском наследии в этих регионах. Топооснова *Baz- ‘загон’ оставила свой след также и в апеллятивной лексике русского языка — ср. диалектное баз (ок) ‘загон’. Это свидетельствует, как минимум, об аланском возрасте лексемы. Топооснова *Zжr- ‘трава’ подтверждает мнение В. И. Абаева, выделившего данную основу на базе нескольких осетинских апеллятивов. На правах заимствования она представлена в диалектах русского, удмуртского и коми языков. Два топонима позволяют реконструировать утраченные названия древнеосетинской фауны: wжrg- ‘волк’ и *nāga- ‘змея’. Среди рассматриваемого материала встречается и топоформант -sar-, представленный в качестве непродуктивного аффикса и в апеллятивной лексике осетинского языка, а также в остальных иранских языках. В целом анализируемые тополексемы подтверждают славу о топонимии как о хранительнице архаичной и реликтовой лексики. The article deals with relics of the Old Iranian lexicon in the toponymy of Ossetia. Most of them are represented both in North and South Ossetia. Many relicts are found in two or more place names. The Iranian etymology of relics considered here is quite probable. Of particular interest are the agiotoponyms (Ʒirijy ʒwar, etc.), which allow us to supplement our knowledge about the Old Ossetian pantheon of the gods. Among the toponyms under discussion there are quite enough names of the mountain landscape. This indicates that the lexemes underlying them have recently been freely used. The stem *mar- ‘dam’ is also represented in the toponymy of modern Ukraine and the North Caucasus. This points out to the Scythian and Alan heritage in these regions. The stem *Baz‘sheep-pen’ left its mark also in the appellative vocabulary of the Russian language — cf. dialect stem baz (ok) ‘sheep-pen’. This indicates, at least, the Alanian age of the lexeme. The stem *Zжr- ‘grass’ confirms V. I. Abaev’s opinion, who singled out this stem on the basis of several Ossetian appellatives. As borrowing, it is represented in the dialects of the Russian, Udmurt and Komi languages. Two toponyms allow reconstructing the lost names of the Old Ossetian fauna: wжrg- ‘wolf’ and *nāga‘snake’. Among the material under consideration there is also the topo-formant -sar-, represented as an unproductive affix also in the appellative vocabulary of the Ossetian language, as well as in the other Iranian languages. In general, the analyzed toponyms confirm the glory of toponymy as a keeper of archaic and relict vocabulary.

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