Evidence for the Presence of Hyphae and Fruiting Body Calcium Oxalate Crystallites in Schizophyllum commune

Biomineralization is a phenomenon in which organisms form crystals. Studies have shown that many fungi have the ability to biomineralize, it can exhibit calcium oxalate crystals on their hyphae and fruiting body. Schizophyllum commune is a common saprophytic fungus distributed all over the world, but there is little research on its biomineralization. In this paper, S. commune fruiting body from three different provinces of China were collected, and isolation for hyphal cultured to obtain several samples. Utilizing light microscope, FE-SEM, and EDAX, the existence of crystals on the fruiting body and mycelium of each strain was found, and their morphological characteristics and ion content were analyzed. It was ultimately established that biomineralization occurs on S. commune.

Concomitant Liver Disease: Echinococcosis and Aspergillosis

Aspergillosis covers a wide range of diseases caused by the genus Aspergillus fungi. Aspergillus saprophytic mold is widespread in the environment; its spores are easily inhaled. However, despite the fact that most people inhale aspergillus spores daily, aspergillosis develops mainly in immunocompromised individuals (due to illness or during immunosuppressive therapy).the lungs are affected most often, being the portal for the fungus penetration, but the naso-orbital sinus is also involved in the process. There are few reports on extrapulmonary aspergillosis. Even rarer in the literature are publications about the co-infection of a saprophytic fungus and a hydatid cyst. Only single clinical observations of the coexistence of aspergillosis and echinococcosis in the lungs have been described. No literature data are available on the coexistence of these two pathogens in the liver. The authors present a clinical case of a 54-year-old woman with two echinococcal cysts in the liver and Aspergillus revealed in their structure. The co-infection of liver echinococcosis and aspergillosis is extremely rare. Preoperative verification of the presence of local aspergillosis in this case is practically impossible. However, early diagnosis and treatment are vital, preventing possible complications from becoming infected with these two pathogens. Treatment is based on an early morphological diagnosis and the detection of both pathogens.

A Sequence Resource of Autosomes and Additional Chromosomes in the Peach Pathotype of Alternaria alternata

Alternaria alternata is a generally saprophytic fungus. Its genome consists of 10 autosomes, while some strains have one or two additional chromosomes, called a conditionally dispensable chromosome (CDC). A CDC is not required for reproduction but confers host-specific pathogenicity. We sequenced the genome of the peach pathotype of A. alternata using Nanopore and assembled it into 20 sequences. The 10 largest sequences corresponded to 10 gapless sequences of A. solani autosomes, and 1 sequence was a mitochondrial genome. Nine other sequences may be derived from CDCs because of lack of similarity with autosomes of other Alternaria spp. The sequence information could provide novel insights into genomes of Alternaria spp. and on the biosynthesis of a novel host-specific toxin in the peach pathotype of A. alternata.

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur Pada Buah Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) Yang Bergejala Antraknosa Dari Lahan Pertanian Di Dusun Jeruk

Anthracnose is a disease that often attacks cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L). This study aims to determine the species of fungus from the fruit of cayenne pepper with anthracnose symptoms. Fungal isolation was carried out using the direct plating method and fungal identification was carried out by observing the macromorphological and micromorphological characteristics of the fungi. The results showed that two fungal species were obtained, namely Colletotrichum sp (WA2) and Idriella sp. (WA3). Colletotrichum sp. (WA2) is a pathogenic fungus that causes anthracnose and Idriella sp (WA3) is a saprophytic fungus, but it is also known to be capable of being a pathogenic fungus.

Adrenal involvement in Histoplasmosis

Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by a dimorphic, saprophytic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum with primary predilection for the lungs and disseminated infections occurring rarely. Our case illustrates the case of disseminated adrenal histoplasmosis in an immunocompromised 42-year-old diabetic man. Radiological diagnosis suggested bilateral malignant adrenal mass, most likely metastasis. FNAC yielded blood only. Excisional biopsy from left adrenal gland, Hematoxylin & Eosin staining along with special stains as Periodic Acid Schiff and Grocott’s Methenamine Silver were performed to yield the concluding diagnosis of histoplasmosis.

First record of fungus Cryptomarasmius T.S. Jenkinson & Desjardin (Physalacriaceae: Agaricales: Basidiomycota) from India

The saprophytic fungus genus Cryptomarasmius has 28 reported species worldwide. We report here the first record of Cryptomarasmius exustoides in India, extending the distribution of Cryptomarasmius. A detailed taxonomic description with illustrations, and phylogenetic analysis with related species are provided.

A saprophytic fungus (Sepedonium) associated with fatal pneumonia in a patient undergoing stem cell transplantation

Sepedonium sp . is a saprophytic fungus that inhabits soil and plant material. Few cases of infection with this fungus have been reported. We describe a case of a child who received haploidentical stem cell transplantation. The patient developed Sepedonium sp . infection after graft failure accompanied by cytomegalovirus infection. This was associated with two genotypes corresponding to a gB1 and gB3 mixture, which suggested involvement of two strains. Throughout the clinical course, immunosuppression and subsequent development of the fungal infection was observed. Our findings add to the available evidence regarding the potential for acquisition of fungal infection from the environment in patients at high risk because of immunosuppression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of Sepedonium sp . infection following graft failure accompanied by previous cytomegalovirus infection in a patient with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.