scholarly journals Evidence for the Presence of Hyphae and Fruiting Body Calcium Oxalate Crystallites in Schizophyllum commune

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyue Xiao ◽  
Tianji Huang ◽  
jingyi zhang ◽  
qiuyi su ◽  
Lin Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Saprophytic Fungus ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
The World

Biomineralization is a phenomenon in which organisms form crystals. Studies have shown that many fungi have the ability to biomineralize, it can exhibit calcium oxalate crystals on their hyphae and fruiting body.  Schizophyllum commune  is a common saprophytic fungus distributed all over the world, but there is little research on its biomineralization. In this paper,  S. commune  fruiting body from three different provinces of China were collected, and isolation for hyphal cultured to obtain several samples. Utilizing light microscope, FE-SEM, and EDAX, the existence of crystals on the fruiting body and mycelium of each strain was found, and their morphological characteristics and ion content were analyzed. It was ultimately established that biomineralization occurs on  S. commune.

An SEM study of raphide crystal initials in the leaves of vitis (grape)

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 984-985
Author(s):  
H. J. Arnott ◽  
M. A. Webb ◽  
L. E. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystal ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crystal Cells ◽  
Crystal Idioblast

Many papers have been published on the structure of calcium oxalate crystals in plants, however, few deal with the early development of crystals. Large numbers of idioblastic calcium oxalate crystal cells are found in the leaves of Vitis mustangensis, V. labrusca and V. vulpina. A crystal idioblast, or raphide cell, will produce 150-300 needle-like calcium oxalate crystals within a central vacuole. Each raphide crystal is autonomous, having been produced in a separate membrane-defined crystal chamber; the idioblast''s crystal complement is collectively embedded in a water soluble glycoprotein matrix which fills the vacuole. The crystals are twins, each having a pointed and a bidentate end (Fig 1); when mature they are about 0.5-1.2 μn in diameter and 30-70 μm in length. Crystal bundles, i.e., crystals and their matrix, can be isolated from leaves using 100% ETOH. If the bundles are treated with H2O the matrix surrounding the crystals rapidly disperses.

Oxalic acid and calcium oxalate produced by Leucostoma cincta and L. persoonii in culture and in peach bark tissues

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1952-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Traquair
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes

Oxalic acid and crystals of calcium oxalate were produced during growth of Leucostoma cincta and L. persoonii on potato dextrose agar and in peach bark tissues. The identification of calcium oxalate was based on solubility characteristics, the results of KMnO4 titration, positive staining with silver nitrate – dithiooxamide, and crystal morphology as observed with light and scanning electron microscopes. Oxalic acid was detected by gas chromatography. This is the first report of oxalic acid production by both Leucostoma species causing peach canker. Calcium oxalate crystals observed on or near hyphae in culture were similar to crystals in artificially inoculated peach bark tissues. Addition of oxalic acid solutions alone to inner bark tissues caused maceration and necrosis. These results indicate a role for oxalic acid in the early stages of pathogenesis by Leucostoma spp. Tetragonal (bipyramidal) and prismatic calcium oxalate crystals formed on bark wounds treated with oxalic acid solutions were similar to those observed in infected tissues and in culture media amended with oxalic acid.

scholarly journals Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Eucalypt Ectomycorrhizae: Morphochemical Characterization

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e67685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Satler Pylro ◽  
André Luiz Moreira de Freitas ◽  
Wagner Campos Otoni ◽  
Ivo Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Arnaldo Chaer Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Oxalate Crystals
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