Ways of solving the problems of rational nature management in the areas of alluvial deposits development

A characteristic feature of the developed placer deposits is that most of them (up to 90–95%) are hard to develop, and the sands included in them are hard to enrich, due to their location in the geographic and climatic zones with a harsh climate, where perennial and deep seasonal permafrost is widespread almost everywhere. About 40% of alluvial deposits are clayey, highly clayey or cemented. As a consequence, there are significant losses of the valuable component and a large negative impact on the environment, including due to repeated re–mining. The studies presented in this paper help to significantly reduce losses and increase the productivity of the dredge, thereby increasing metal recovery.

RATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT AS A COMPONENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY: ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS

The article deals with the analysis of economic and legal aspects of rational nature management as a component of ecological safety. The ecological problems of the current state of the natural environment of the country are analyzed. It is stated that environmental security is one of the most important components of national security of Ukraine, which depends on the rational use and reproduction of natural resources. The concept of rational nature management is formulated, the concept consists in the sphere of production and scientific activity aimed at the study, development, protection and transformation of nature in order to ensure favorable conditions for human life. It was found out that the rational use of nature necessarily involves the economic and legal component, which lies in getting the most out of economic and other activities in the use of natural resources at economically reasonable costs. The concept of economic and legal mechanism of nature management is defined, which is enshrined in the system of economic and legal measures, incentives and other regulators aimed at ensuring environmental protection, environmental safety and organization of rational nature management and is based on the concept of payment for the use of natural resources, introduction of economic and legal responsibility. Proposals have been formulated as for the implementationof additional measures of fiscal regulationof nature use by Ukraine, granting tax benefits to enterprises implementing relevant environmental protection programs, insurance of environmental risks. Key words: ecological safety, rational nature use, economic and legal mechanism, legal regulation, environment, norms of law. JEL Classification К32 Formuls: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 23.

Attributing Inferred Causes and Explanations to Behavior

Behavior is a reflection of the intentions, attitudes, goals, beliefs, and desires of a person. These intra-individual factors are coordinated with what opportunities the situation affords and the perceived constraints placed on the person by their context and the norms of the culture they are in. Further, the intentions, attitudes, goals, beliefs, and desires of a person are often not known to them in any given moment, and because they reside within the mind of that person they are almost always not known to the people who are perceiving that person. To know anything about other people we must observe and identify/classify their behavior and then attribute to the observed behavior inferences and judgments about the internal states of that person serving as the motivating force behind their behavior. This entry explores this process of attribution. Heider described attribution as the process that determines “how one person thinks and feels about another person, how he perceives him and what he does to him, what he expects him to do or think, how he reacts to the actions of the other.” The entry explores the rules that people follow in order to make sense of behavior, and the rational versus non-rational nature of the procedure. Even when highly motivated to think rationally, this process can be biased, and flaws can appear in the attribution process, such as from chronic differences among perceivers due to culture, experience, or personality. How the process would unfold if accurate and purely rational is contrasted with how it unfolds when biased. How we feel, and how we choose to act, are derived from how we make sense of the world. Thus, attribution processes are foundational for understanding how we feel, for establishing expectations, and planning how to act in turn.

Sustainable Natural Resource Management to Ensure Strategic Environmental Development

The article reveals the issue of irrational use of natural resources in Ukraine that affects public health, population working ability and macroeconomic performance. It has been found that heavier responsibility of each individual and changes in values can improve the current situation. It is concluded that the general utility function can be increased by rational nature management and implementation of the development strategy minimizing such negative risk factors as ecological state deterioration, inefficient functioning of the healthcare system, excessive use of chemical compounds while producing agricultural products, etc. The key in the study is the formation of a holistic view of the relationship between pollution and the state of the environment and harm to public health based on the analysis of rational nature management and environmental pollution and their negative impact on environmental health. A model has been developed that takes into account the negative environmental impact on health and the investment that is necessary to be healthy and stay productive.

The legal principle of rational nature management: modern context

The main aim of the article is to consider the modern scientific and practical legal views on the principle of rational nature management. To meet the objective of the study, the universal systems approach as a methodology of cognition is used. The summary of the article includes the conclusion that any use of natural resources should be rational, which implies the use of fewer natural resources while meeting the needs of the same level, provided there is no or minimal residual environmental harm. In the end, some practical recommendations are made to be taken into consideration in the future relevant studies

Should we Dispense with the Idea of Personhood? The Impoverishment of Philosophical-Theological Language

«Who is a person?» is a question with moral, theological and even legal consequences, but it seems now apparently entangled in intractable puzzles; therefore, it has become frequent to suggest that we should entirely dispense with the idea of «personhood». This essay argues that the notions of «person», and rational «nature» which are essential in theological exploration, cannot be easily discarded from the philosophical vocabulary either. The paper argues that the preferred route of access should preserve the noetic heterogeneity of beings, because it is the current «scientistic» straitjacket that has made very articulation of the question fruitless and impoverished.

The Kantian ethical perspective seen from the existential philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard’s Victor Eremita

This article compares two groundings of ethics: the ethical postulates of Immanuel Kant with the existential thinking of S. Kierkegaard. To achieve this goal, first, it proposes highlighting the fundamental ideas of Kantian ethics; then, secondly, highlighting Kierkegaard’s ethical stance; and finally, contrasting both approaches to identify differences and similarities. Conclusively, we can say that the pure Kantian ethical formality of duty for duty’s sake necessarily dispenses with existential and concrete content; it is an ethics that is grounded in itself, that refers to itself, to the rational nature of the human being and its universality. In contrast, Kierkegaardian ethics is a Christian ethics, it is the ethics of love for one’s neighbour and, above all, for God; it is a relational and existential ethics of the single individual.

THE CONCEPT OF FORMING A UNIFIED GEOINFORMATION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR RATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT

Rational use of natural resources is impossible without the use of a single geoinformation support. Such support is provided by geographic information systems (GIS) and BIM technologies. The article discusses the foreign experience of integrating GIS (ArcGIS) and BIM (Autodesk), as well as domestic experience in creating a BIM model of the city of Nizhny Novgorod. The concept of the formation of a unified geoinformation support for the system of rational nature management in the framework of cross-border cooperation between Russia and the CIS countries is presented.