Formation of Syntactic Connection in Modern German Applied Constructions

Annotation: The article analyzes the problems of formation of syntactic connections in applied constructions in modern fiction. The author tried to justify the need to separate the applied phenomenon as a separate type of syntactic connection with specific structural and semantic features. Applied phenomenon is expressed by a stylistic style that allows one or another piece of information in a sentence to be activated and is a type of syntactic connection in the modern syntactic system of the German language that requires more consistent and systematic study and description. Keywords: syntactic connection, applied phenomenon, applied construction, complex sentence, compound sentence.

Methods of calculation of cold-formed structures

Cold-formed structures are a separate type of metal structures and require more complex mathematical models in comparison with massive profiles. The development of main theories was described. A new type of buckling is also taken into account - warping, which is characteristic only of cold-formed bars.

Verbal Plurality in the Romance Languages

Verbal plurality is commonly defined as a morphological means of marking event plurality on verbs. However, the definition of verbal plurality in terms of discrete event plurality hides a number of complexities. Firstly, many verbal markers that may mark discrete event multiplicities do not intrinsically mark discrete events, as they also allow durative, intensive, and attenuative readings. This suggests that discrete event multiplicity may emerge from quantity expressions that do not themselves impose discreteness. Secondly, markers of discrete event multiplicities fall into different classes. Additive markers in particular have to be treated as a separate type of event plurality, as they include presupposed and asserted events in the event plurality.

Escapes from Special Settlements: Goals, Means, and Sanctions

This paper explores escapes from special settlements by analysing three key escape components: goals, means, and sanctions. Based on this, the author identifies the correlation between the factual circumstances of the escape and the subsequent punishment. As a result, the paper expands on the understanding of policies pursued by the Soviet regime in relation to special settlers. More particularly, it offers a new analysis of the decree of 26 November 1948, according to which escape from such settlements was to be punished with twenty years of penal servitude. Further, the paper explains in detail why special settlers violated the rules established by the regime, providing an answer to the question about whether this behavior was a form of protest or a means to potentially improve their situation in exile. In addition, particular attention is paid to analysing the methods that special settlers used to make their escapes. The paper explores where escapees procured money and false documents, what type of transport they preferred, and who hid them. The information presented is drawn from Soviet documentation, party, and law enforcement agencies of various levels (district – region – centre). These sources make it possible to analyse the positions of various actors on fighting escapes, as well as to characterise the confrontation not only as being one between the centre and the regions, but also as being a confrontation between different power and economic structures. The chronological framework covers the post-war period; the territory examined encompasses three regions of western Siberia, i. e., Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, and Tomsk. The article is divided into three parts, each of which considers a separate type of escape: unauthorised absences, unauthorised relocations, and intentional escapes. These categorisations are determined in accordance with the final goals that the special settlers wanted to achieve.

“Fake” Phenomenon in the System of Types of Linguistic Manipulation

The article is devoted to the definition of the linguistic status of the “fake” phenomenon, the study of the sources of its destructiveness as one of the types of linguistic manipulation. The work examines speech models of argumentation, persuasion, communicative pressure and fake in order to establish a number of their differential and integral features, to distinguish fake from related linguistic phenomena. The material for the study is represented by the web pages of print and online media of various levels and formats, blogs operating within the framework of public discourse. The basis for the analysis is an approach taken to distinguish between linguistic and rhetorical norms, according to which the argumentation should be considered as a correct non-rhetorical type of persuasion. In turn, as rhetorical types of persuasion, one should consider conviction, which is realized as a correct rhetorical influence, communicative pressure and fake, which are incorrect (destructive) rhetorical types of linguistic manipulation. Analysis of the components of the speech model of these linguistic phenomena and the establishment of the sources of their destructiveness makes it possible to more clearly determine fake as a separate type of linguistic manipulation. It is concluded that fake differs from argumentation by the presence of pathos in the structure of the speech model of persuasion; from argumentation and persuasion - by the implicit nature of the intention and destructive communicative orientation. Fake should also be distinguished from communicative pressure, based on the following principles: fake is unreliable false information, as well as an implicit form of intention; communicative pressure is an excess of the permissible norms of morality and ethics of a measure of influence, as well as an explicit form of intention.

About Estimation Spare under Their Confession in Accounting Commercial Organization

Rules of the estimation separate type spare are analyzed in article in accordance with FSBU 5/2019 «Spares» with theoretical and practical position, is motivated possibility of their using in Russian practical person.

AGAINST EPISTEMOLOGICAL HIERARCHIES: ON THE VALUE OF FORMING BODILY KNOWLEDGE

The article reveals such concepts as “metis,” “body techniques,” “practical skill,” “kinesthetic intelligence,” and “movement skill.” These concepts are united by the fact that the accumulation of knowledge is presented as a largely unconscious process in which muscles play the same role as the brain. The essence of these concepts can be expressed in the term “bodily knowledge,” which contrasts itself in the epistemological sense with codified practical knowledge, instructions, and rules – techne. Bodily knowledge is based on movements and muscle sensations. Russian physiologist I.M. Sechenov called this sensation “dark,” pointing out that such sensations are almost impossible to comprehend, describe, and analyze. However, such feelings cannot be entirely opposed to thought. This “smart skill,” as poet and writer Varlam Shalamov called it, can be considered a separate type of cognition. This article is an attempt to comprehensively discuss the concept of “body knowledge.”

ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN UKRAINE

The article is focused on studying the epidemiological well-being as an object of administrative and legal regulation; the author has also defined the purpose of the article, which is to solve the following scientific problems: characterizing the concepts of “sanitary well-being” and “epidemiological well-being”; defining the essence of administrative and legal regulation as a separate type of legal regulation; establishing the essence of epidemiological well-being as a specific object of administrative and legal regulation. As a result of revealing the tasks formulated in the article, during which general and special methods of scientific cognition were used, the author has determined features of epidemiological well-being as an object of administrative and legal regulation, the most significant of which is the fact that such an object has its own structure including administrative legal relations that are aimed at creating a safe environment during a pandemic. On the basis of the features of epidemiological well-being, the author has substantiated the expediency of using a dualistic approach on determining its content, we mean broad and narrow content. It has been indicated that taking into account all the constituent elements of the system of epidemiological well-being without any exception, it must be defined in a broad sense. Such administrative and legal regulation includes a set of measures of different nature aimed at localization and prevention of mass spread of infectious diseases caused by natural pathogens. It has been emphasized that we should use a narrow approach under the priority of elements of medical and legal nature in the system of epidemiological well-being in order to its definition and its provision only through measures of a medical nature regulated by the current legislation.

On the issue of using a training ground “Square” for training the patrol-guard service officers

The research object is the process of teaching police officers the basic elements of patrol-guard service. The research subject is the systematization of using a training ground “Square” as one of effective ways of reinforcing skills required for patrol-guard service. The training ground “Square” is considered as a separate type and means of teaching. The author attempts at solving the problem of using the training ground “Square” for training police officers in new conditions connected with the application of interactive technologies and the combination of various elements of the modern process of police officers training.  The author substantiates the role of training grounds in the formation of professional competence of the patrol-guard service officers. The author formulates the main requirements to the module configuration and technical equipment of the training ground “Square”. The research reveals the peculiarities of conducting classes on a training ground, the author analyzes the use of general pedagogical and special teaching method, and designs a logically structured system of teaching with the help of a training ground. The research can be used for further improvement of the process of patrol-guard officers training. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that it proves the good perspectives of using the training ground “Square” as a means of teaching.