Generating automatic warning proposals

<p>A warning system is a complex chain, which builds on different applications leading to a customer friendly product. The goal of the product is to deliver useful information to the end-user, giving indication of the severity of the event and what best to do in order to avoid damages and/or injuries/fatalities. In-between the different production steps are a number of processes, which can be altered to improve the products; for example by including probabilistic information or by producing impact-oriented warnings.</p><p>As MeteoSwiss is renewing its warning system, it opens up the possibility to include the above-mentioned information. Furthermore, it also offers the option to automatize the warning generation chain. One key part of this process are the automatically generated first guesses of warning regions. These regions display the danger level of any given hazard based only on the meteorological situation; hence, no predefined regions will be used to generate the warning products. As of now, MeteoSwiss used a set of predefined regions on which the danger level was indicated. These regions were not necessarily defined to best represent weather phenomena but rather often municipal boundaries.</p><p>However, how to produce meaningful regions is not trivial and it requires discussions with the forecasters as there are a number of parameters to tune. Tuning the regions is needed as no forecasting system is perfect and ideally, the automatically generated first guesses compensate for these short-comings. However, realistically speaking, before achieving a fully automatic warning system, there will be an intermediate phase when first guesses will likely have to be manually adjusted by the forecasters.</p><p>We will present our work and first results of automatic warning proposals based on COSMO-2E and feedbacks thereof we got from discussions with the forecasters.</p>

Morphological transformations of AB diblock copolymer particles in soft confinement

The morphologies of diblock copolymers self-assembled under selected solvent have been investigated systematically using a simulated annealing method. Various categories of internal morphologies are observed. The morphology transform can be modulated by three important factors: softness of confinement, volume fraction of A/B monomers ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) and selectivity of solvent. With increase in [Formula: see text], the selectivity of solvent can determine the type and number of cores. The softness of confinement can greatly influence the shape of copolymer which prefers to be sphere or nonsphere. Stacked lamella morphology is an efficient method to reduce the contact number between A-B blocks in softer confinement. Core–shell morphologies usually have large curly degree with small end-to-end distance of AB complex chain. The nucleation condition is that the ratio of end-to-end distance of AB complex chain to the length of whole chain is lower than 0.28. The simulation results can provide theoretical guidance for experiment in synthesis of nanoparticles.

Masterpieces, Altarpieces, and Devotional Prints: Close and Distant Encounters with Michelangelo’s Vatican Pietà

Focussing on the response to the Vatican Pietà and perversely using as a point of departure a 1549 remark on Michelangelo as an ‘inventor of filth,’ this article aims to present Michelangelo as an involuntary inventor of devotional images. The article explores hitherto unconsidered aspects of the reception of the Vatican Pietà from the mid-sixteenth into the early seventeenth century. The material includes mediocre anonymous woodcuts, and elaborate engravings and etchings by renowned masters: Giulio Bonasone, Cornelis Cort, Jacques Callot and Lucas Kilian. A complex chain of relationships is traced among various works, some referring directly to the Vatican Pietà, some indirectly, neither designed nor perceived as its reproductions, but conceived as illustrations of the Syriac translation of the New Testament, of Latin and German editions of Peter Canisius’s Little catechism, of the frontispiece of the Règlement et établissement de la Compagnie des Pénitents blancs de la Ville de Nancy—but above all, widespread as single-leaf popular devotional images.

Crystal structure of idelalisib tert-butanol monosolvate dihydrate

In the title structure, 5-fluoro-3-phenyl-2-[(1S)-1-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)propyl]quinazolin-4(3H)-one (= idelalisib) tert-butanol monosolvate dihydrate, C22H18FN7O·C4H10O·2H2O, the idelalisib molecule displays planar quinazoline and purine systems which are nearly perpendicular to one another. Seven distinct hydrogen-bonding interactions link the idelalisib, t-BuOH and water molecules into a complex chain structure with the topology of a 2,3,4,5-connected 4-nodal net having the point symbol (3.4.52.62)(3.4.52.64.72)(3.5.6)(5).

Co-crystallization of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with two antipsychotic agents: a simple 1:1 salt with trihexyphenidyl and a 1:2 acid salt containing a very short O—H...O hydrogen bond with chlorprothixene

Co-crystallization of racemic 1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol (trihexyphenidyl) with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid gives a simple 1:1 salt, namely 1-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropyl)piperidin-1-ium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, C20H32NO+·C7H3N2O6 −, (I), whereas a similar co-crystallization using (Z)-3-(2-chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine (chlorprothixene) gives a 1:2 acid salt, namely (Z)-3-(2-chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-aminium hydrogen bis(3,5-dinitrobenzoate), C18H19ClNS+·[H(C7H3N2O6)2]−, (II), the anion of which contains a very short O—H...O hydrogen bond, with dimensions O—H = 1.04 (3) Å, H...O = 1.41 (3) Å, O...O = 2.4197 (15) Å and O—H...O = 161 (3)°. In the cation of (I), the cyclohexyl and piperidyl rings both adopt chair conformations, whereas in the cation of (II), the central heterocyclic ring adopts a boat conformation, so that the dihedral angle between the two aryl rings is 41.56 (4)°. A combination of O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the ions of (I) into a complex chain of rings, and these chains are linked into sheets by π–π stacking interactions between inversion-related pairs of anions. In compound (II), a different combination of O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the ions into sheets. Comparisons are made with some related structures.

Contract Packers

The rise of demand and supply chain management is of particular relevance to outsourced contracting companies as they are but one cog in a complex chain and have no end products of their own. They rely upon a range of customers and suppliers (the two sometimes being the same entity), who are in turn dependent upon the contract packer. This leads to a complex supply chain where profit margins are generally small and where internal process efficiency and excellent customer service are critical for survival. In this chapter, three projects that introduced new technologies to improve processes or services are reviewed. They all aimed to increase revenues and drive down costs but achieved mixed outcomes.

The argumentative and rhetorical function of multimodal metonymy

The aim of this article is to contribute to the theoretical development of multimodal metonymy and the argumentative and rhetorical role that the trope can fulfil in multimodal advertising campaigns. A model for the analysis of multimodal tropes in page-based advertising messages is developed by drawing insights from different disciplines. This model involves the identification of the elementary and layout components of the message, the description of its multimodal structure (in terms of the visual structure and the contribution of the verbal component), the reconstruction of its meaning operation, and the reconstruction of its enthymematic structure. In particular, the meaning operation is reconstructed by the employment of Conceptual Integration Theory, which we have slightly revised in order to better account for metonymical mappings. The enthymematic structure is reconstructed following the Argumentum Model of Topics, a model of argument schemes that enables one to make explicit the contextual and the logical dimensions of arguments. Based on the tenets of the two frameworks, we claim that multimodal metonymy condenses and gives access to a complex chain of connections, which mirrors the argumentation the audience is invited to infer. This argumentation is based on causal schemes of reasoning. This claim results in the in-depth analysis of both a billboard belonging to an anti-AIDS campaign and a social campaign by Greenpeace against the use of environmental-damaging paper for toy packages by Mattel.

TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AS PART OF A FUNCTIONAL MODERN SOCIETY

The European economy is dependent on transport. Electronics, fertilizer, medical items, metal paint, plastic, rubber and different modes of machinery are classified as dangerous goods when transported, as are pesticides and different products for agriculture and cosmetics. Within the transport context, dangerous goods are considered to be those goods which may cause harm to people, the environment or property. They are transported mainly by specialized companies, using special equipment. It is vitally important for the economy that dangerous goods are transported in a well-synchronized logistic chain that is both functioning and efficient. The transport often requires the use of different transport modes, intermediate storing or crossing of national borders. In order to ensure that the complex chain is efficiently functioning, the following article aims to summarize the harmonization and bridge the differences between the nation's legislations and those governing the various modes of transport. Innovative technical tools, methods, and systems are analyzed in cooperation with operators and infrastructure managers. The article describes how the economy is highly influenced by safety regulations and anti-terror actions

A Fish Story

This story underscores the conflicts between environment and economics, between necessary habitats and bad habits. The author dramatizes the myopia of public policy which ignores a complex chain of problems, instead absurdly blaming the end users-fishennen-- for overfishing a population actually decimated by dams and silting of spawning areas.