Analisis Risiko Pelaksanaan Proyek Konstruksi Gedung Perawatan Paru dan HIV BLUD Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Nabire

Penelitian ini bertujuan, untuk menganalisis, risiko, pelaksanaan proyek, konstruksi, gedung, perawatan paru dan HIV BLUD rumah sakit umum daerah Nabire. Khususnya pada risiko pelaksanaan. Pengumpulan data berupa wawancara serta kuesioner terhadap staf diproyek. Hasil analisis 20 faktor risiko terhadap pelaksanaan proyek menyatakan bahwa kehilangan material 30%, kerusakan material 32,5%, kelangkaan material dipasaran 30%, keterlambatan pengiriman material dari supplier 82,5%, kenaikan harga material 32,5%, adanya change order 70%, kurang baiknya inventory control 77,5%, kurangnya control dan konstruksi dalam tim 30%, kurangnya tenaga kerja 32,5%, adanya ketidakdisiplinan pekerja 35%, pencurian bahan material 77,5%, biaya yang tak terduga 82,5%, tingginya frekuensi perubahan pekerjaan 32,5%, sering terjadinya penundaan pekerjaan 32,5%, pengendalian control keuangan yang tak terkendali 77,5%, system laporan yang kurang terkendali 87,5%, perubahan kondisi perekonomian yang sering terjadi 37,5%, cuaca buruk diluar kendali 80%, banyaknya hasil pekerjaan yang harus diganti karena cacat atau salah 40%, sering terjadinya hal-hal yang tak terduga selama pelaksanaan konstruksi 82,5%. Rata-rata nilai diatas 50% dalam range berpengaruh sampai sangat berpengaruh. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa risiko tersebut sangat berpengaruh dalam pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi.

Identifikasi Material Sisa dan Penanganan Pada Pekerjaan Kontruksi Jalan

Pesatnya perkembangan infrastuktur transportasi khususnya jalan raya memainkan peranan penting dalam menghasilkan material sisa baik itu material sisa kontruksi maupun akibat pembongkaran, terutama pada pekerjaan tanah, pondasi base, aspal dan rigid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya material sisa pada pekerjaan kontruksi jalan. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan melalui studi literature dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukanFaktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya material sisa antar lain Proses pengiriman material, adanya perubahan desain (redesign), adanya perubahan pekerjaan oleh owner (change order), adanya pekerjaan yang diulang (rework), kualitas material, keahlian/keterampilan SDM (skil)l, cara penyimpanan material di lokasi proyek, pengawasan, metode kerja, miskomunikasi (salah pengertian), informasi kurang jelas, kondisi lapangan. Pengelolaan Material sisa kontruksi dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan langkah-langkah reduce, reuse, recycle, maupun salvage terhadap material sisa itu sendiri.

Quantifying costs of the productivity loss due to schedule changes in construction projects

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to develop a method to integrate the schedule-based analysis with a productivity-based analysis to prove and support the result of the damages calculation.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, a “cost and schedule impact integration” (CSI2) model is proposed to objectively show and estimate lost productivity due to changes in construction projects.FindingsA schedule-based analysis to include separate tracking of change order costs can be used to predict productivity due to the delay and disruption; changes in construction projects almost always result in delay and disruption. However, the schedule-based analysis needs to be integrated with a productivity-based analysis to prove and support the result of the damages calculation.Practical implicationsThe results of this study expand upon construction practices for proving and quantifying lost productivity due to changes in construction projects.Originality/valueThe contribution of the paper is summarized as the introduction of a “schedule impact analysis” into a “cost impact analysis” technique to assess the damages, as well as to demonstrate the labor productivity impact due to delay and disruption in construction projects.

Fast Dynamic IR-Drop Prediction Using Machine Learning in Bulk FinFET Technologies

IR-drop is a fundamental constraint by almost all integrated circuits (ICs) physical designs, and many iterations of timing engineer change order (ECO), IR-drop ECO, or other ECO are needed before design signoff. However, IR-drop analysis usually takes a long time and wastes so many resources. In this work, we develop a fast dynamic IR-drop predictor based on a machine learning technique, XGBoost, and the prediction method can be applied to vector-based and vectorless IR-drop analysis simultaneously. Correlation coefficient is often used to characterize the symmetry of prediction data and golden data, and our experiments show that the prediction correlation coefficient is more than 0.96 and the average error is no more than 1.3 mV for two industry designs, which are of 2.4 million and 3.7 million instances, respectively, and that the analysis is speeded up over 4.3 times compared with the IR-drop analysis by commercial tool, Redhawk.

CHANGE ORDER DAN RISIKO CHANGE ORDER PADA PROYEK JALAN DI JAWA BARAT

Change Order merupakan perubahan yang terjadi pada proyek konstruksi dan tidak bisa dihindari. Analisis change order pada 10 Proyek pembangunan jalan Jawa Barat meneliti bagaimana penyebab change order bervariasi antara proyek peningkatan versus proyek pemeliharaan, dan jenis konstruksi (mis. pekerjaan aspal, drainase, struktur, dan pelebaran bahu jalan dan perkerasan berbutir, pengembalian kondisi dan pekerjaan minor dan pekerjaan harian). Penelitian ini juga meneliti risiko yang ditimbulkan oleh change order dengan mengukur frekuensi dan rata-rata persentase perubahan biaya proyek untuk berbagai jenis change order. Metodologi penelitian dangan mencari data riil proyek pembangunan jalan dari tahun 2014-2018. Hasilnya adalah penyebab utama change order secara konsisten adalah penghilangan kontrak, peningkatan yang disebabkan oleh pemilik, dan membengkaknya item kontrak dan kelalaian kontrak. Risiko change order pada tertinggi pada pekerjaan: Campuran Aspal Panas, Lapis Pondasi Atas Kelas S, Laston Lapis Aus, Pasangan batu, Lapis Pondasi Atas Kelas B, Perkerasan Beton Semen, Beton mutu rendah f'c 15 MPa, Pasangan Batu dengan Mortar, Timbunan Pilihan, Marka Jalan Termoplastik.

IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO CHANGE ORDER PROYEK KONSTRUKSI JALAN

A Change Order is a written and legal work order that changes the scope of the original contract, with compensation that has been agreed upon by the owner and the contractor. Changes can be in the form of adding or reducing the scope of work, changing materials, or changing schedules. Change Order causes the cost of contract items to swell, planning errors and negligence as well as changes in scope that can be reduced by sharpening planning results. The scope of research on road construction in Indonesia, especially in DKI Jakarta and Banten provinces. This study aims to determine the identification of change orders in road construction projects. Data obtained from real data on road construction projects from 2013-2018 on 16 road construction project packages in the form of road construction project addendum contracts. Based on the addendum contract, added work, less work, addition of new items and removal of work items are determined. The identification of change order risk is seen from three aspects, namely the addition and reduction of work items, the removal of items and the addition of new items and the wishes of the owner, thereby increasing the cost of the change order contract. This study found 732 changes in construction work items. Risk identification is obtained from the frequency of changes above 35% which is an intermediate frequency that tends to increase the occurrence of change orders. The results of risk identification were obtained for 31 construction work items, the highest percentage was for Thermoplastic Road Marking work, followed by 30 other construction work items. Keywords: risk identification; change orders; road construction projects AbstrakChange Order adalah perintah kerja tertulis dan sah yang mengubah lingkup kontrak semula, dengan kompensasi yang sudah disetujui oleh pemilik dan kontraktor. Perubahan dapat berupa penambahan atau pengurangan lingkup pekerjaan, perubahan material, atau perubahan jadwal. Change Order menyebabkan biaya item kontrak membengkak, kesalahan perencanaan dan kelalaian serta perubahan ruang lingkup yang dapat dikurangi dengan mempertajam hasil perencanaan.. Lingkup penelitian pada konstruksi jalan di Indonesia khususnya provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Banten. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui identifikasi change order proyek konstruksi jalan. Data didapat dari data riil proyek konstruksi jalan dari tahun 2013- 2018 pada 16 paket proyek konstruksi jalan berupa kontrak addendum proyek konstruksi jalan. Berdasarkan kontrak addendum maka ditentukan pekerjaan tambah, pekerjaan kurang, penambahan item baru dan penghilangan item pekerjaan. Identifikasi risiko change order dilihat dari tiga aspek yakni penambahan dan pengurangan item pekerjaan, penghilangan item dan penambahan item baru dan keinginan dari pihak owner sehingga meningkatkan biaya kontrak change order. Penelitian ini mendapatkan 732 perubahan item pekerjaan konstruksi. Identifikasi risiko didapat dari frekuensi perubahan diatas 35% yang merupakan frekuensi menengah yang cenderung meningkatkan terjadinya change order. Hasil identifikasi risiko didapat pada 31 item pekerjaan konstruksi, yang tertinggi persentase pada pekerjaan Marka Jalan Termoplastik, diikuti 30 item pekerjaan konstruksi lainnya.

A dynamic Modelling of Labor Productivity Impacts Arising from Change Orders in Road Projects

It is vital to investigate the system dynamics (SD) between the change orders and labor productivity to identify the causes of the productivity loss of the construction projects. Most productivity loss studies were financed from the contractor’s part and rely on the contractor’s data. This research highlighted the problem of productivity loss resulting from issuance of a change order by utilizing a previously developed SD model. It conducted a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of overtime, overmanning, temperature and learning on the behavior of the SD model quantifying change orders' impact on labor productivity. Based on the results, SD provides more reliable results comparing with the measured mile analysis (MMA) approach for the compensation request, considering the leading factors affecting the productivity loss other than the change order. The model developed in this study can accept or reject the responsibility of a change order for occurrence of productivity loss.

Risk and Change Order Impact Analysis of Costs in Tamansari Iswara Bekasi Project

In every construction project, there is always a change or what is commonly called a change order (CO). CO greatly affects the effectiveness of project work where its sustainability depends on three interrelated components namely quality, time and cost. The purpose of this study is to determine the causes, risks, impact of CO and risk management on costs. This research was conducted in the Bekasi area at the Tamansari Iswara project. This study uses descriptive analysis methods and direct interviews with the experts concerned by distributing questionnaires to 85 respondents and producing data for analysis. With the help of statistical analysis software that is SPSS researchers use several tests such as validity test, reliability test, descriptive analysis test, regression analysis, and risk analysis to determine the dominant variables and risk management. From the results of the analysis conducted there are 6 dominant variables namely X18, X19, X15, X28, X21, X9, X25, and the highest risk is found in variables X1 and X21.