The Danjiangkou Reservoir in China is characterized by significantly high concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), and the sources are not clear. Recently, research on this reservoir has focused on the N cycle, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of N, and the factors influencing N concentration. Significant temporal and spatial differences in TN concentrations exist, both in the reservoir area and the tributaries. N concentration in the area is affected by numerous factors, including N transported by tributaries, nonpoint source pollution around the reservoir, internal N release, and atmospheric N deposition. Moreover, a dam heightening project led to a larger water-fluctuation zone and more bays in the reservoir, directly affecting its N cycle. However, further research is required to explore the N cycle on a large watershed scale in the Danjiangkou Reservoir and upper stream areas, determine N pollution sources using satellite remote sensing, and conduct simulations of a water body N cycle model based on data fusion. Although the issue of excessive TN has been alleviated to some extent by the South-North Water Diversion Project, the excessively high TN concentrations require more research to aid the implementation of N-reducing strategies.