Studies of rootstocks for stone fruit breeds (sweet cherry) in the condition of Hissar valley in Tajikistan

This paper is about studying the rootstocks for stone fruit breeds (sweet cherry) in condition of Hissar valley in Tajikistan. Each type of rootstock has its own biological characteristics and imposes specific requirements for growing and development, both during reproduction in the mother plantation and during the growth of trees. For example, the root system in sour cherry is more superficial that of wild sweet cherry. Therefore, the care of trees grafted on sour cherry and wild cherry and of mother plantation bushes of these rootstocks cannot be same. Besides, there are very significant differences among the individual groups of rootstocks. Wild cherry, Mahaleb cherry and Lubskaya cherry are used as rootstocks in the conditions of the Hissar Valley in Tajikistan. High specificity of sweet cherry cultivar varieties depends on the rootstocks. Phenological observation were carried out in our experiments during years 2013-2018 in order to study their winter resistance, yield capacity and fruit quality. The same care for root and grafted plants was carried out during the entire observation period. At the same time a certain ratio between the leaf system of the rootstock and the graft was maintained by trimming the crown. As a result of the evolution and selection, we have identified the wild cherry forms which are distinguished by the highest yields. The most valuable cultivar varieties are Napoleon cherry and Bagration cherry. Compotes made of these varieties have received high evaluation in tasting.

Reclamation of the Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo L.) Genotypes Cultivated around Karasu, Sakarya

This investigation was carried out during 2015-2016 in the Sakarya area. Strawberry trees were selected by including naturally growing trees. In this selection study, each tree was considered as a tree species and 50 species of strawberry trees were examined. In the study of phenological observation, pomological analysis and Weighted Grading method were applied on Strawberry tree genotypes. 100 fruit samples were collected during the research years of 2015 and 2016 and 10 fruits were studied because of the importance of each species. The fruit weight ranged between 1.70 g and 9.03 g, width from 11.42 mm to 30.52 mm, length 10,15 mm to 14.09 mm, and the handle thickness was 1.13 mm to 3.29 mm, the number of fruits in a bundle wass 3 to 8, the amount of soluble dry matter 15 to 32%, fruit juice pH 3,09 to 3.51. At the end of the study, 5 genotypes with superior characteristics were selected.

Two species of Amaryllidaceae, new distributional record for Tripura, North East India.

The present studies provided the new distribution record of two species, Hymenocallis littoralis and Crinum latifolium of Amaryllidaceae from Tripura. These species, so far have not been recorded previously from Tripura. Both the species have ethnomedicinal usages. The plants were collected, identified with the help of various flora and available database. This communication highlighted brief description, proper citation, medicinal uses, distribution pattern, phenological observation, and photographs of the species.

Variation of Main Phenophases in Phenological Calendar in East China and Their Response to Climate Change

Based on the phenological data from China Phenological Observation Network, we compiled the phenological calendars of 3 phenological observation stations (Shanghai, Nanjing, and Hefei) in East China for 1987–1996 and 2003–2012 according to the sequences of mean phenophases. We calculated the correlated coefficient and the root mean square error (RMSE) between phenophases and the beginning of meteorological seasons to determine the beginning date of phenological season. By comparing new phenological calendars with the old ones, we discussed the variation of phenophases and their responses to temperature. The conclusions are as follows. (1) The beginning dates of spring and summer advanced, while those of autumn and winter delayed. Thus, summers got longer and winters got shorter. (2) The beginning time of the four phenological seasons was advancing during 1987–1996, while it was delaying during 2003–2012. (3) Most spring and summer phenophases occur earlier and most autumn and winter phenophases occur later in 2003–2012 than in 1987–1996. (4) The beginning time of phenological seasons was significantly correlated with temperature. The phenological sensitivities to temperature ranged from −6.49 to −6.55 days/°C in spring, −3.65 to −5.02 days/°C in summer, 8.13 to 10.27 days/°C in autumn, and 4.76 to 10.00 days/°C in winter.

Vegetative Potential of ‘White Tamianica’Vine Cultivar in Conditions of Župa Vine District

This paper presents results of some important agrobiological traits of the cultivar ‘White Tamianica’ in the agroecological conditions of Župa vine district. The investigation was carried out at a productive vineyard in private property, at the location Svračak. The vineyard was established in 1981. Planting distance was 2.8 x 0.9 m. This investigation lasted three years, the period 2000-2002, and it included phenological observation,average cane weightand total bearing balanceper bud and total bearing balancepervine. Weather conditions were favorable for development of this cultivar. The study aimed to observe important agrobiological traits of ‘White Tamianica’, as well as growing and spreading possibility in the conditions of Župa vine district. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that this cultivar has shown positive agrobiological traits.

An overview of the phenological observation network and the phenological database of Germany's national meteorological service (Deutscher Wetterdienst)

First phenological observations have been performed in Germany already in the 18th century. The onset dates of characteristic phases of plant development (phenological phases) are observed and recorded. Today, Germany's national meteorological service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD) maintains a dense phenological observation network and a database with phenological observations. The data are used in many applications, esp. for advisory activities to agriculture or pollen dispersion information.

Synphenology of Herb Layer of Carpinion betuli Community in the Báb Forest

The submitted paper presents the results of a phenological research of herb layer of Carpinion betuli community which was realized on the locality of the Báb forest in 2012 and 2013. During 2012, there were 25 species recorded in an herbal layer and for a phenological research in 2013, I was able to document 24 taxa. In 2012, the highest number of present species in a phenological spectrum occurred. Especially, it was during March and October. In 2013, the highest number of species in a phenological spectrum was found on March and April and also later from September to October which is a period when forest species start to grow because of a temperature increase and it also occurred in the autumn period when a repeated growth of forest species took place. In 2012, species in generative phases occurred from 11th March until 1st September and after that, taxa in vegetative phases were found only. In 2013, because of low March temperatures, it was possible to observe generative phases only since 22nd March until the last date of a phenological observation – 11th December. A change in the onset, interphase duration and ending of the monitored phenophases between the years 2012 and 2013 was observed. Specifically, a shift in the onset of the vegetative and generative phenophases was noted. This distinction was caused by a different average week temperature measured in 2012 and 2013. In March 2013 a significant temperature decrease and even ground frost occurred.