scholarly journals Geographically Explicit Network Analysis of Urban Living and Working Interaction Pattern in Shenzhen City, South China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhilu Yuan ◽  
Haojia Lin ◽  
Shengjun Tang ◽  
Renzhong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Interaction Pattern ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Shenzhen City ◽  
The City

Human daily mobility plays an important role in urban research. Commuting of urban residents is an important part of urban daily mobility, especially in working days. However, the characteristic of the mobility network formed by the commuting of urban residents and its impact on the internal structure of the city are still an important work that needs to be explored further. Aiming to study the living–working interaction pattern of meta-populations over urban divisions within cities, a fine-grained dataset of living–working tracking of Shenzhen is curated and used to construct an urban living–working mobility network, and the living–working interaction pattern is analyzed through the community structures of the network. The results show that human daily mobility plays an important role in understanding the formation of urban structure, the administrative divisions of the city affect human daily mobility, and human daily mobility reacts on the formation of urban structure.

scholarly journals Invisible Body and the Predicaments of Existence in an Urbanizing China

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-197
Author(s):  
Meiqin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
Everyday Reality ◽  
The City

This article contextualises the art practice of Beijing-based artist Liu Bolin and examines ways in which his artworks illuminate the sociopolitical conditions that regulate the everyday reality of underprivileged social groups amid China's spectacular urban transformation in the 2000s. The tension between individual existence and the force of urbanization underlays Liu's most important work, entitled Hiding in the City. This performance photographic series, in which Liu covered his body thoroughly with paint so that he “disappeared” into the background, was initiated as a response towards the demolition of an artist village in Beijing where the artist resided and worked. The series has since been developed into an ambitious and years-long project in which the artist surveys the disparate urban living environment of the city, bringing to the surface dominant forces that render the existence of the individuals “invisible”.

scholarly journals Gentrifications in Hanoi city inner: Characteristics, causes and solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Thi Nhu ◽  
Nguyen Quoc Toan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Development Context ◽  
The Given ◽  
The City ◽  
Mobility Cost

Strong urbanization and enormous pressures of urban living and livelihoods have led to different development trends. A portion of urban residents choose to settle in the periphery to enjoy more quality living standard while suffering more mobility cost for work. Meanwhile, the others have decided to redevelop in the city inner to take advantage the available infrastructure, which leads the trend for revitalization. This later transition will be discussed in the paper and identified as "gentrification" process with both physical, economic and social changes. The "purification" of lifestyles and people in the given area during this process is a noteworthy point. The paper analyzes the characteristics, causes and solutions of gentrification in Hanoi historic inner under the local urban development context. Article history: Received 19 March 2018, Revised 27 March 2018, Accepted 27 April 2018

scholarly journals Air Quality Sensing Network in Smart City using Lora Wan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2521-2525
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
The City

Nowadays urban residents, especially ones in the city are more aware of air quality and how it can affect their health. Due to the limitation of spare sense nodes, the air quality information is very coarse in resolution that is not greatly understood nor accepted by the community. The demand for better resolution, information and prediction of air quality in these areas has brought us to this solution. Our proposed system gives us a real-time and fine-grained data map of the air quality in the city by using crowdsourced automobiles as well as their built-in sensors, which significantly improves the feasibility and practicability of the system in a more dynamic way. By using LoRa WAN network, we can increase the range without worrying about the amount of sensor data to be transmitted. Once the data from the sensors is obtained, it is sent to the cloud through a base station where the data is processed using various algorithms and a fine-grained air quality pollution map of the city is generated to help understand the air pollution levels properly.

Reclaiming the City as Commons. Learning from Latin American Housing Movements

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
Stavros Stavrides
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
City Life ◽  
Urban Condition ◽  
Collective Creativity ◽  
Urban Movements ◽  
The City

This paper explores a renewed problematization of contemporary metropolises' dynamics in the light of speci fic efforts to reclaim the city as commons. Building on Lefebvre's theorizations of the city's virtuality and comparing it to contemporary approaches to the urban condition that emphasize the potentialities of contemporary city-life, it suggests that urban commoning is unleashing the power of collective creativity and collaboration. Struggles to appropriate the city as a crucial milieu for sharing transforms parts of city and produces new patterns of urban living. Examples from Latin American urban movements focused on establishing emancipatory housing conditions are used to illustrate the transformative capabilities of urban commoning.

scholarly journals Urban Living Labs, Circular Economy and Nature-Based Solutions: Ideation and Testing of a New Soil in the City of Turin Using a Multi-stakeholder Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grazia Sveva Ascione ◽  
Federico Cuomo ◽  
Nicole Mariotti ◽  
Laura Corazza
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Living Labs ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
The City

AbstractIn the attempt to foster circular economy (CE), cities are increasingly adopting urban living labs (ULLs) as sites of co-production aimed at testing alternative solutions based on the reuse of products, reduction of consumption and recycling of materials. Taking this perspective, our study adopts an exploratory research design to discover the pragmatic implications emerging from a case study. The City of Turin joined proGIreg, a European project that entails the regeneration of former industrial districts by means of nature-based solutions (NBS). Ranging from aquaponics to green roofs, seven NBS have been experimented in Turin, which rely on the use of natural systems to tackle social, economic and environmental challenges efficiently and sustainably. Among them, the most promising is related to the production and test of the ‘new soil’, a blend obtained by mixing earth materials coming from construction sites with compost, zeolites and mycorrhizae. The case herein presented is interesting to analyse for the multi-stakeholder management setting used, where public institutions, private companies, research institutions, citizens and associations collaborated in the co-creation and testing phase of the NBS. Consequently, the data collected through participant observation and direct interviews allow researchers to describe multi-stakeholders’ dynamics and how they work. Thus, this paper narrates a micro-contextual experience while providing a critique. Results include an analysis of the unique combination of different stakeholders, which strongly impacted on the management and the effectiveness of the entire project. By consequence, the paper offers both theoretical contributions to the relational branch of stakeholder theory and practical evidence in demonstrating the importance of the relational branch of the theory over a more traditional transactional view.

scholarly journals Street context of various demographic groups in their daily mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Salgado ◽  
Weixin Li ◽  
Fahad Alhasoun ◽  
Inés Caridi ◽  
Marta Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Daily Mobility ◽  
Urban Science ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
The City ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractWe present an urban science framework to characterize phone users’ exposure to different street context types based on network science, geographical information systems (GIS), daily individual trajectories, and street imagery. We consider street context as the inferred usage of the street, based on its buildings and construction, categorized in nine possible labels. The labels define whether the street is residential, commercial or downtown, throughway or not, and other special categories. We apply the analysis to the City of Boston, considering daily trajectories synthetically generated with a model based on call detail records (CDR) and images from Google Street View. Images are categorized both manually and using artificial intelligence (AI). We focus on the city’s four main racial/ethnic demographic groups (White, Black, Hispanic and Asian), aiming to characterize the differences in what these groups of people see during their daily activities. Based on daily trajectories, we reconstruct most common paths over the street network. We use street demand (number of times a street is included in a trajectory) to detect each group’s most relevant streets and regions. Based on their street demand, we measure the street context distribution for each group. The inclusion of images allows us to quantitatively measure the prevalence of each context and points to qualitative differences on where that context takes place. Other AI methodologies can further exploit these differences. This approach presents the building blocks to further studies that relate mobile devices’ dynamic records with the differences in urban exposure by demographic groups. The addition of AI-based image analysis to street demand can power up the capabilities of urban planning methodologies, compare multiple cities under a unified framework, and reduce the crudeness of GIS-only mobility analysis. Shortening the gap between big data-driven analysis and traditional human classification analysis can help build smarter and more equal cities while reducing the efforts necessary to study a city’s characteristics.

scholarly journals Mental Health and the City in the Post-COVID-19 Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7533
Author(s):  
Jakub Bil ◽  
Bartłomiej Buława ◽  
Jakub Świerzawski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The City

The article describes the risks for the mental health and wellbeing of urban-dwellers in relation to changes in the spatial structure of a city that could be caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A year of lockdown has changed the way of life in the city and negated its principal function as a place of various meetings and social interactions. The danger of long-term isolation and being cut-off from an urban lifestyle is not only a challenge facing individuals, but it also creates threats on various collective levels. Hindered interpersonal relations, stress, and the fear of another person lower the quality of life and may contribute to the development of mental diseases. Out of fear against coronavirus, part of the society has sought safety by moving out of the densely populated city centres. The dangerous results of these phenomena are shown by research based on the newest literature regarding the influence of COVID-19 and the lockdown on mental health, urban planning, and the long-term spatial effects of the pandemic such as the urban sprawl. The breakdown of the spatial structure, the loosening of the urban tissue, and urban sprawl are going to increase anthropopressure, inhibit access to mental health treatment, and will even further contribute to the isolation of part of the society. In addition, research has shown that urban structure loosening as a kind of distancing is not an effective method in the fight against the SARS-COV pandemic. Creating dense and effective cities through the appropriate management of development during and after the pandemic may be a key element that will facilitate the prevention of mental health deterioration and wellbeing. It is also the only possibility to achieve the selected Sustainable Development Goals, which as of today are under threat.

scholarly journals Facilitating fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting by integrating urban environments measured from street-view images

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Ling Yin ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Min Kang ◽  
Ai-Ping Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Feature Vector ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Environmental Feature ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Street View ◽  
The City ◽  
Dengue Epidemic

Abstract Background Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that has threatened tropical and subtropical regions in recent decades. An early and targeted warning of a dengue epidemic is important for vector control. Current studies have primarily determined weather conditions to be the main factor for dengue forecasting, thereby neglecting that environmental suitability for mosquito breeding is also an important factor, especially in fine-grained intra-urban settings. Considering that street-view images are promising for depicting physical environments, this study proposes a framework for facilitating fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting by integrating the urban environments measured from street-view images. Methods The dengue epidemic that occurred in 167 townships of Guangzhou City, China, between 2015 and 2019 was taken as a study case. First, feature vectors of street-view images acquired inside each township were extracted by a pre-trained convolutional neural network, and then aggregated as an environmental feature vector of the township. Thus, townships with similar physical settings would exhibit similar environmental features. Second, the environmental feature vector is combined with commonly used features (e.g., temperature, rainfall, and past case count) as inputs to machine-learning models for weekly dengue forecasting. Results The performance of machine-learning forecasting models (i.e., MLP and SVM) integrated with and without environmental features were compared. This indicates that models integrating environmental features can identify high-risk urban units across the city more precisely than those using common features alone. In addition, the top 30% of high-risk townships predicted by our proposed methods can capture approximately 50–60% of dengue cases across the city. Conclusions Incorporating local environments measured from street view images is effective in facilitating fine-grained intra-urban dengue forecasting, which is beneficial for conducting spatially precise dengue prevention and control.

scholarly journals A New Methodology to Study Street Accessibility: A Case Study of Avila (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Manuel Curado ◽  
Rocio Rodriguez ◽  
Manuel Jimenez ◽  
Leandro Tortosa ◽  
Jose F. Vicent
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Combine Network ◽  
The City

Taking into account that accessibility is one of the most strategic and determining factors in economic models and that accessibility and tourism affect each other, we can say that the study and improvement of one of them involved the development of the other. Using network analysis, this study presents an algorithm for labeling the difficulty of the streets of a city using different accessibility parameters. We combine network structure and accessibility factors to explore the association between innovative behavior within the street network, and the relationships with the commercial activity in a city. Finally, we present a case study of the city of Avila, locating the most inaccessible areas of the city using centrality measures and analyzing the effects, in terms of accessibility, on the commerce and services of the city.

Some Reflections on Making Popular Culture in Urban Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
AbdouMaliq Simone
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Urban Africa ◽  
The City ◽  
Ways Of Being

Abstract:In contemporary urban Africa, the turbulence of the city requires incessant innovation that is capable of generating new ways of being. Rather than treating popular culture as some distinctive sector, this article attempts to investigate the popular as methods of bringing together activities and actors that on the surface would not seem compatible, and as experimental forms of generating value in the everyday life of urban residents. This investigation, sited largely in Douala, Cameroon, looks at how youth from varying neighborhoods attempt to get by, and at the unexpected forms of contestation that can ensue.

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