Contract Theory-Based Incentive Mechanism for Full Duplex Cooperative NOMA with SWIPT Communication Networks

Cooperative Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) with Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) communication can effectively improve the spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency of the wireless networks with extend coverage. An important design issue is to incentivize a relaying center user to participate in the cooperative process and achieve a win-win situation to both the BS and the center user. Some private information of the center users are hidden from the BS in the networks. We apply a contract theory-based incentive mechanism under such asymmetric information scenario to incentives center user to join the cooperative communication to maximize the BS profit utility and to guarantee the center user’s expect payoff. A match theory-based Gale-Shapley algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal strategy with low computation complexity. Simulation results indicated the network performance of our proposed cooperative transmission is much better than the conventional NOMA transmission and the benefit utility of the BS with the stable match strategy is nearly close to the complete channel state information multi-users scenario while the center users get the satisfied expect payoffs.

Control to Assurance – A Re-Imagined Health Safety and Environment HSE Leadership in the Oil and Gas Industry

The importance of HSE in oil and gas activities especially in drilling operations cannot be overemphasized. Over the years, many systems of how to reduce and eliminate HSE challenges in our operations have been implemented. These systems keep changing to meet goal zero target. Despite the implementation and the published advances in HSE approaches and tools, HSE performance continues to be at least one incident above target which is Goal Zero. This paper is focused on identifying if the Best Value Approach (BVA) can be modified into a HSE leadership model to help HSE leaders, frontline barrier leaders with delivering GOAL ZERO. This paper specifically focuses on identifying the unique practice of the BVA that has generated a significant amount of documented high-performance results in the procurement of services and project management. This paper will translate this proven performance to HSE leadership. The paper will match this theory with a current HSE leadership practice of Assist and Assure in Shell. The aim, match theory to practice and then to theory and then produce a concept that will help HSE leaders optimise the implementation of the Assist and Assure Process.

On the Left-/Right-Branching Asymmetry in Mandarin Tone 3 Sandhi

In Mandarin, a left-/right-branching asymmetry is observed when the Tone 3 Sandhi (T3S) process interacts with the syntactic structure of an expression: while expressions that have a left-branching syntactic structure only have a non-alternating sandhi pattern in which all but the rightmost T3 is changed to the sandhi tone, for expressions that have a right-branching syntactic structure various sandhi patterns are possible. This paper proposes that T3S applies cyclically bottom-up on a prosodic structure matched from the syntactic structure of an expression, along the lines of the Match Theory of syntactic-prosodic constituency correspondence (Selkirk 2011). The interaction of Match Phrase constraints and Strong Strong Start, which is a more restricted version of Selkirk’s (2011) Strong Start constraint, predicts that different prosodic structures are possible outputs for a right-branching expression, while for a left-branching expression the only possible output is a left-branching prosodic structure. The various possible sandhi patterns for a right-branching expression and the non-alternating sandhi pattern for a left-branching expression are derived when T3S applies cyclically bottom-up on the proposed prosodic structures.

Overtly Headed XPs and Irish Syntax-Prosody Mapping

Analyses of Irish phonological phrasing (Elfner 2012 et seq.) have been influential in shaping Match Theory (Selkirk 2011), an OT approach to mapping syntactic to prosodic structure. We solve two constraint ranking paradoxes concerning the relative ranking of Match and StrongStart. Irish data indicate that while XPs with silent heads can fail to map to phonological phrases in certain circumstances, overtly headed XPs cannot. They also indicate that rebracketing due to the constraint StrongStart occurs only sentence-initially, contrary to predictions. We account for these puzzles by invoking Van Handel's (2019) Match constraint which sees only XPs with overt heads, and by positing a new version of StrongStart which only applies to material at the left edge of the intonational phrase. Our analysis is developed using the Syntax-Prosody in Optimality Theory application (SPOT) and OTWorkplace.

MATCHING Phrases in Norwegian Object Shift

One significant contribution of generative linguistics has been to our understanding of 'movement,' which occurs when a word is linearized in a position different from where it is interpreted. Even though movement often is considered a syntactic phenomenon, some cases seem best analyzed prosodically, such as pronoun post-posing in Irish (Bennett, Elfner, & McClosky 2016). We explore prosodically driven movement in Norwegian, which is known for having pronominal object shift (OS). We show that OS can be explained by Match Theory (Selkirk 2009, 2011), but only if the MATCH constraints are sensitive to lexical items and their projects instead of Elfner's (2012) definition where Match is sensitive to lexical and functional elements and their projections (see also Ito & Mester 2019).

Phase-based Constraints within Match Theory

This paper argues that Match Theory (Selkirk 2011) cannot account for some types of phrasal syntax-prosody correspondence in Blackfoot (Algonquian; Frantz 2017). I focus on the verbal complex and show that the verbal complex contains phrasal syntactic structure all the way up to a CP phrase, and that it contains two distinct prosodic constituents corresponding the vP/VP and the CP, respectively. Since the verbal complex contains phrasal syntax, theories of phrasal syntax-prosody correspondences should apply. I argue that the definitions of the syntactic units which correspond to prosodic constituents must be redefined based on phases, and show how a phase-based revision of Match Theory can account for the syntax-prosody correspondence in Blackfoot verbal complexes. The result is a unified theory of the prosodic phonology of stems and phrases which is built on universal syntactic definitions. Although Match Theory is the theoretical focus of this paper, the evidence from Blackfoot implies that phrasal syntax-prosody correspondences can and should be brought 'below the word' in any theory of prosodic phonology.

Matching overtly headed syntactic phrases in Italian

In this paper, I develop an analysis of the Italian syntax–prosody interface in Match Theory, revisiting three φ-diagnostics from previous work: word-final vowel deletion, stress retraction and final lengthening. I show that these processes sometimes diverge in their distribution, supporting the existence of two phrasal domains in Italian. These domains are analysed using prosodic recursion. I then develop a novel formulation of MatchXP, according to which only syntactic XPs with phonologically overt heads, whether lexical or functional, are visible to the syntax–prosody mapping. This formulation is argued to be superior to versions of MatchXP that only match lexical XPs or that attempt to match all XPs, at least in Italian, suggesting that implementation of syntax–prosody mapping constraints may be subject to cross-linguistic variation.

Optimasi DF Berbasis Posisi Jendela Menggunakan Estetika Asimetris

<p class="Abstrak">Jendela merupakan elemen arsitektur yang berfungsi memasukan pencahayaan alami dari luar kedalam bangunan. Distribusi pencahayaan siang yang merata masuk kedalam ruangan dapat meminimalkan penggunaan pencahayaan buatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mencari optimasi posisi jendela dengan pendekatan kepada distribusi jarak <em>daylight factor </em>(<em>DF</em>) dan estetika komposisi spasial. Analisis dilakukkan berdasarkan kualitatif distibusi <em>DF</em> pada ruangan terhadap posisi bukaan jendela secara estetika komposisional beradasarkan grafik teori kecocokan represetasional. Tahap fitting dan normalisasi pada nilai daylight factor dan estetika asimetri dari teori kecocokan represetasional merupakan langkah awal untuk mendapatakan optimasi nilai faktor yang nantinya akan diberikan suatu nilai faktor bobot ( ) untuk kedua variabel. Hasil studi di dapat posisi jendela paling optimal berada pada posisi jarak 23% dari lebar bidang dinding bukaan jendela terhadap sisi jendela bagian dalam, dimana nilai faktor bobot = 0,5. Optimasi dengan menggunakan nilai dapat digunakan arsitek untuk menentukkan distribusi <em>DF</em>, estetika asimetri atau bahkan keduanya.</p><p class="Abstrak"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>The window is an architectural element that functions to incorporate natural lighting from outside into the building. Even daylight distribution into the room can minimize the use of artificial lighting. This research was conducted to find window position optimization by approaching the daylight factor (DF) distance distribution and spatial composition aesthetics. The analysis was carried out based on the qualitative distribution of DF in the room to the position of the window opening aesthetically compositional based on a graph of the theory of repetational compatibility. The fitting and normalization phase of DF values and the asymmetry aesthetics of the repetational match theory are the first step to get an optimization of the factor values which will be given a weight factor value (α) for both variables. The results of the study in the most optimal window position can be located at a distance of 23% from the width of the window opening wall area to the inner side of the window, where the weight factor value α = 0.5. Optimization using the can be used by architects to determine the distribution of DF, asymmetry aesthetics or even both. <strong></strong></em></p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong><br /></strong></em></p>

Prosody and EPP in Swahili

The precise motivation for affixation has not been entirely settled. Noyer (1992) and Hankamer & Mikkelsen (2018) argue that the identity of an affix is recognized in syntax-free contexts or in postsyntactic environments. On the other hand, Richards (2010, 2016) proposes a way of identifying affixes by looking into their metrical dependencies initially detected in narrow syntax. Here, I argue alongside Richards (2016) that these suprasegmental features are visible in syntax and that they trigger XP-movements (see also Branan 2018). According to Contiguity Theory (Richards 2016), overt movements triggered by syntactic features such as [uwh] and Extended Projection Principle (EPP) in the Minimalist Program (Chomsky 1993, 1995) are reanalyzed as operations sensitive to the interaction between syntax and prosody. To be more specific, narrow syntax looks at certain phonological information that works in favor of the initial shape of prosody. This suggests that syntactic movement is sensitive to prosodic contiguity prior to spell-out. Richards (2016) discusses some key motivations for movement. They include Probe-Goal Contiguity, Affix Support, and Untethering. Adopting some of the basic assumptions proposed in Match Theory (Selkirk 2009, 2011), Contiguity Theory looks into phonological motivations for wh-movement and EPP. In this paper, I argue that Swahili demands additional explanation as to how prosodic requirements are satisfied. In detail, I present an analysis accounting for the wh-in-situ phenomenon as well as the presence of EPP in Swahili. With regards to the presence of EPP, I propose that Swahili tense affixes require metrical boundaries on both left and right of their peripheries. The metrical boundary on the right is satisfied by the phonological content inside vP. The metrical boundary on its left is satisfied by an XP targeting [Spec,TP] which gives rise to the desired EPP-effect.