Expert System of Anti-Diabetic Medicine Selection

The Prediction of World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in 2030 the number of diabetics in Indonesia reached approximately 21.3 million people. Moreover, the development of medicine consumed by diabetics also varies. In this paper, we present a system that represents a diabetes expert into a knowledge based on the domain ontology. The early stage of the system is developing drugs ontology (including functions and contraindications) and patient ontology. Then, matching a weighted ontology will give drugs recommendations that are suitable with the patient's condition. The system is able to analyze diabetes symptoms to give drugs recommendations to the patient.

Solar photocatalytic degradation of metformin by TiO2 synthesized using Calotropis gigantea leaf extract

A novel TiO2 nanoparticle was prepared through green synthesis using Calotropis gigantea (CG) leaf extract. Morphological analysis showed dispersed spherical CG-TiO2 nanoparticles with an average size of 42 nm. The prepared catalyst was used for the degradation of metformin (a widely used diabetic medicine) by solar photocatalysis. A three-factor central composite design (CCD) was used to explore the effect of independent variables, i.e., pH 3–7, metformin concentration 1–10 mg/L, and catalyst (CG-TiO2) dosage 0.5–2.0 g/L. A maximum metformin degradation of 96.7% was observed under optimum conditions i.e., pH = 9.7, initial metformin concentration = 9.7 mg/L and catalyst dosage = 0.7 g/L, with ∼86% mineralization efficiency. A quadratic model with an error <5% was developed to predict the metformin degradation and the rate of degradation under the optimum conditions followed pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.014/min). CG-TiO2 exhibited higher metformin degradation efficiency (96.7%) compared to P-25 (23.9%) at optimum conditions. The recyclability study indicated effective reuse of the catalyst for up to three cycles. The proposed metformin degradation route is hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation on the CG-TiO2 surface, transfer of •OH to the aqueous phase from CG-TiO2 and subsequent oxidation of metformin in the aqueous phase.

Mid-late pregnancy maternal glycolipids in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) fluctuated in glycosylated hemoglobin levels of 5.5%-6.4% associated with umbilical cord blood of amino acid and carnitine profiles: a nested case-cohort observational study

Background To explore the relationship between maternal-neonatal clinical data and the changes of cord blood amino acid and carnitine levels between pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) when glycosylated hemoglobin levels of 5.5%-6.4% excluded diabetic medicine as GDMa group and the control group. Methods In all, 312 qualified participants were recruited with permission from the ethical department of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University and divided into two groups (GDMa and non-GDM) after adjusting for maternal age and body mass index (BMI) between the 1 June 2017 and 30 April 2020. All maternal-neonatal data were collected and analysed at the centre. Results Interestingly, glycine in cord blood was not only significantly different between groups(594.19 vs 407.45, P < 0.001), but also associated among those pregnant women in GDM when glycosylated hemoglobin levels of 5.5%-6.4% through the standard of diet control and exercise (b = 0.449, P = 0.010). Meanwhile, neonatal hypoglycemia had the positive association with GDM monitoring glycosylated hemoglobin levels of 5.5%-6.4% (P = 0.031, OR 5.77 95%CI[1.18, 28.36]), but none of correlations with umbilical cord blood of amino acids and carnitines. Conclusions The study identifies some differences and relationships in maternal-neonatal data only when GDMa group, glycosylated hemoglobin levels of 5.5%-6.4% without diabetic medicine, compared with the control group which adjusted by age and BMI. Particularly, umbilical cord blood of glycine levels is related to the diabetic status of glycosylated hemoglobin 5.5%-6.4% in GDM during pregnancy and could be potential diabetic mechanism by maternal-fetal interface.

Formulation of Sea Buckthorn Diabo Juice on Treatment of Diabetes

Now days lot of diabetic medicine are available in market having chemical substance. They have lots of side effect but now days lot of anti diabetic medicines are available but sometimes they does not show effect on same patient. Their bodies does not stimulate B-pancreatic cells in bodies which are insulin production. To overcome this problems by using anti diabetic herbal formulation. It is effective, safe to use It maintain blood sugar level , Regulate the blood flow, It has anti diabetic , antioxidant , anticancer, anti microbial and antiinflammatory properties without any side effect.

Remarkable improvement and weight reduction in obese diabetic patient by continuation of super low carbohydrate diet (LCD)

The case was 39-year old female patient with T2DM (BMI 33.3). She had a strong hope to receive Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), but she could not take the operation of LSG because of severe diabetic control (HbA1c 11.4%). She was treated with 5 kinds of diabetic medicine such as, Exenatide, Alogliptin, Metformin, Mitiglinide and Miglitol. She continued LCD successfully, with the improvement of HbA1c 10.8 % to 6.3% and weight reduction 83.2 kg to 66.6 kg. At 7 months, medicine was only Metformin. In our activity of Japan LCD Promotion Association (JLCDPA), super-LCD has been effective with 12% of carbohydrate.

Characterizing Hotspots and Frontier Landscapes of Diabetes-Specific Distress from 2000 to 2018: A Bibliometric Study

Objectives. This work aims to comprehensively characterize hotspots and frontier landscapes concerning diabetes-specific distress from 2000 to 2018. Materials and Methods. Firstly, diabetes-specific distress-related literature was retrieved and downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Secondly, WoSCC self-contained toolkits and GraphPad Prism7 were conducted to analyze general characteristics, including literature products, countries, institutes, authors, and journal resource. Finally, CiteSpace V Toolkits was put forward to implement advanced analysis, consisting of keyword-term frequency and co-occurrence, references-cited frequency and co-occurrence, and burst detection for keyword terms and references cited, which uncovers the hotspots and frontiers of diabetes-specific distress. Results. After preprocessing, our study included a total of 1051 papers concerning diabetes-specific distress. Publication outputs increased smoothly year by year. Compared with other journals, diabetic medicine delivered the largest number of documents. The United States occupied the leading positions, and the most productive institution was the University of California System in terms of literature products. Fisher L. has the highest references-cited frequency. Prevalence of diabetes-specific distress, diabetes-specific distress and glycemic control, diabetes-specific distress and depression comorbidity, and diabetes-specific distress and risk factors were the research hotspots, whereas the measure of diabetes-specific distress and latent and serious/severe diabetes-specific distress was the research frontiers. Conclusions. Overall, our study may inspire researchers to show great interest in diabetes-specific distress in the next few years.