Factors Related to Rape Victims’ Decision to File Police Reports

Victims of rape must decide whether to file a police report, and many victims decide not to report the rape to the police. The literature on the associations between demographic and individual factors and reporting rape to the police is limited. Here, we investigated the associations between demographic and individual factors (education, socioeconomic status, age, native country, years lived in Finland, gender, sexual orientation, relationship status, close persons, substance use, and mental disorder) and police reporting in a Finnish sample of rape victims (N = 191) from the Helsinki Seri Support Center. We collected data through an online survey. We found that victims with a university degree were less likely to report than those with a vocational qualification. None of the other factors measured were robustly associated with reporting. It is possible that the Seri Support Center successfully mitigates otherwise encountered obstacles to reporting. The present study was the first to investigate this topic in Finland. The practical implications of these findings are discussed, and the value of support services highlighted.

Double Burden of Disability and Poverty: Does Vocational Rehabilitation Ease the School‐to‐Work Transition?

Poor young people more often face health difficulties, (learning) disabilities, and are overrepresented in special schools. Consequently, youth from poor households disproportionately frequently participate in disability‐specific programs aiming to improve their educational levels and labor market opportunities. They face a double burden of disability and poverty. In our study, we look at poor and non‐poor youth with disabilities (YPWD) who participate in vocational rehabilitation (VR) and whether VR helps them (a) in transitioning into employment and (b) in leaving poverty. We examine the association between the receipt of initial basic income support (BIS) as a poverty indicator, later labor market outcomes, and earned vocational qualification using administrative data. We make use of a sample of all persons accepted for VR in 2010 (N = 36,645). We employ logit models on VR attendees’ labor market outcomes three and five years after being accepted for VR as well as on their earned vocational qualifications. Beside initial poverty status, we control for educational level, type, and degree of disability and program pattern during the VR process. Our findings show that YPWD from poor households have a decreased likelihood of a vocational certificate and employment. Additionally, they are more likely to receive BIS than young people not from poor households and thus more likely to remain poor. In conclusion, VR seems to support poor YPWD less in their school‐to‐work transitions. Thus, disability‐specific programs should be more tailored to the social situations of participants, and counsellors should be more sensitive to their social backgrounds.

In Search of the Essential Competences for Overcoming Language Barriers in Public Services

It is argued in the article that despite the relatively strong presence of English in Slovenia, the use of English as a lingua franca (ELF) alone does not guarantee access to quality public services. To supplement the use of ELF interpreting support is needed, in particular in high-risk situations. A step in this direction was the certification of a national vocational qualification for community interpreters for Albanian in 2020. Since at the same time a new vocational profile for intercultural mediators was created, which also aims to assist the inclusion of migrants in the Slovene society, we investigated the differences between these two profiles by comparing the competences defined in both. The results show that despite some overlaps Slovene vocational standards for both professions differ significantly: while transfer and linguistic competences are central to community interpreter’s profile, conflict resolution and mediation competence figure more prominently in the intercultural mediator’s profile.

INTRODUCTION OF HR-NAVIGATOR ELEMENTS IN ACTIVITY KP “SHLYAKHREMBUD” WITH THE USE OF STATISTICAL TOOLS

The theoretical foundations of technology personnel in the modern personnel management system and the trends of modern HR management are considered. The growth of the role of the human factor in the activities of enterprises has proved the need to find ways to increase the efficiency of the use of labor potential. Of course, the efficiency of companies depends on a number of socio-economic factors, among which the human factor is the most important. That is why scientists are paid to the development of theoretical and applied aspects of personnel management. The work of the KP "Wayerbud" is analyzed. The road economy is characterized by a significant level (more than a third) of the staff in comparison with other industries, which negatively spills the effectiveness of enterprises of this industry. Among the reasons, it should be noted the complex working conditions associated with the open air work with an elevated and low temperature of the air and seasonal nature of the activity, as well as the data of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine Low level of remuneration – 3200–4000 UAH. Informatization of society and the development of information technologies have largely reflected on the personnel management system. Informatization of personnel work allowed to improve the efficiency of personnel management based on completeness, efficiency, complexity, systematic and probability of information necessary for the adoption of personnel decisions, as well as expanding opportunities for its accumulation, preservation and processing. Measures were developed for the formation of the motivational policy of the enterprise, justified to reduce labor costs and improved methodological approaches to determining the number of managerial staff. In order to effectively, a new organizational thinking, team culture and new business standards are required. In addition, cooperation between employees should be based on the principles of creative interaction and mutual respect. Conducted in previous studies of personnel management systems and personnel management analysis on the research object, allowed to identify the main directions of work with personnel: vocational qualification and job promotion of employees (career management); creation of permanent personnel (stabilization of existing ones); improvement of morally – psychological climate; provision of jobs; accounting for qualification and personal skills with the formation of a data bank; evaluation of labor results for detecting the potential of each employee; training, advanced training in the organization. The results obtained can be used in the practical activity of the KP "Wayerbud" and other branches of the industry.

Supra-company apprenticeship training in Austria: a synopsis of empirical findings on a possibly early phase of a new pillar within VET

Since 2008, the Austrian Vocational Training Act has given young people the opportunity to obtain vocational qualifications in supra-company training workshops. In addition to the traditional full-time vocational school system and company-based apprenticeship training, a third vocational qualification path has thus been established. This article presents empirical findings on this innovation in skill formation and examines the question of whether conditions for the sustainable establishment of a third pillar for acquiring vocational qualifications are given with regard to regulatory, normative, and cultural cognitive dimensions.

LIFELONG LEARNING - A FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL REALIZATION

The article deals with the problem of full professional realization of the personality based on permanent enrichment of knowledge, skills and competences. The modern man lives in a society defined as a "knowledge society." In order to keep up-to-date in the labor market, where some professions are losing their importance and the need for new ones is created, they are faced with the need to learn throughout their whole life. The article presents the results of an empirical study. The study covers 66 graduate students in a one-year specialization to acquire a new vocational qualification "teacher", who study at the Faculty of Education at Trakia University in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. The results indicate that the sustainability of the idea of lifelong learning is being considered and realized by representatives of different generations. The age of the respondents varies over a very wide range – from 23 to 56 years of age. The persons surveyed clearly differentiate the strengths and weaknesses of their studies at the university. They express their satisfaction with the theoretical and practical training they have received in the higher education institution. They unambiguously define their motives for acquiring a new professional qualification – from the realized opportunity for a new professional realization, competitiveness in the labour market, desire for change, to the realization of an unfulfilled dream.