Floristic findings on the Putorana Plateau

A list of new floristic findings in the north-west of the Putorana Plateau (Taimyr Municipal District of Krasnoyarsk Territory – TSR) discovered in 2018–2020 is presented. A brief description of the surveyed areas is given. The annotated lists of plants are given: 1) new species for the entire territory of the TSR (8 species: Poa vivipara (L.) Willd., Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb., Juncus stygius L., Astragalus gulemiensis Sytin et Pospelov, Vicia sepium L., Hackelia deflexa (Wahlenb.) Opiz, Galium trifidum L., Saussurea purpurata (Fisch. ex Herder) Lipsch.; 2) species new to the Putorana Plateau (29 species, of which the most interesting are the findings of species included in the Red Data Book of the Krasnoyarsk Territory: Carex spaniocarpa Steud., Rumex aureostigmaticus Kom., Oxytropis czekanowskiiJurtz., O. tichomirovii Jurtz., Taraxacum byrrangicum Ju. Kozhevn.); 3) new localities of the species rarely found in the TSR (24 species, including extremely rare Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó, Drosera × obovata Mert. et W. D. J. Koch,Potentilla drymeja Soják, Eritrichium sericeum (Lehm.) DC.).

STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF LARCH STANDS IN THE UPPER PART OF THE MOUNTAIN-FOREST BELT OF THE MASSIF DRY MOUNTAINS (PUTORANA PLATEAU)

Общеизвестно, что каждое из трех последних десятилетий характеризовалось более высокой тем- пературой у поверхности Земли по сравнению с любым предыдущим десятилетием начиная с 1950 г. На фоне этих изменений в научной литературе в последнее время появляется все большее количество работ, свидетельствующих об экспансии древесных и кустарниковых видов в арктические и высокогор- ные экосистемы. В статье приведены результаты исследования формирования древостоев верхней гра- ницы леса и зарослей крупных кустарников в одном из малоизученных регионов центрального сектора Субарктики России – плато Путорана. Объектом исследования явились древостои лиственница Гмелина Larix gmelinii Rupr. и заросли ольхи кустарниковой Duschekia fruticosa (Rupr) Pouzar. Показано, что на фоне современных изменений климата в последнем столетии (особенно во второй половине) происхо- дило смещение верхней границы распространения древесной и кустарниковой растительности выше в горы. Доказательством данных процессов служит закономерное изменение морфометрических параметров и среднего возраста изучаемых видов по мере продвижения в гору в последнем столетии. It is well known that each of the last three decades has been characterized by a higher temperature at the Earth’s surface compared to any previous decade since 1950. Against the background of these changes, an increasing number of works have recently appeared in the scientifi c literature, indicating the expansion of tree and shrub species into Arctic and high-altitude ecosystems. The article presents the results of a study of the formation of stands of the upper border of the forest and thickets of large shrubs in one of the poorly studied regions of the central sector of the Subarctic of Russia – the Putorana plateau. The object of the study was stands of Gmelin larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) and thickets of shrub alder (Duschekia fruticosa (Rupr) Pouzar). It is shown that against the background of modern climate changes in the last century (especially in the second half), the upper limit of the distribution of woody and shrubby vegetation was shifted higher into the mountains. The proof of these processes is the regular change in morphometric parameters and the average age of the studied species as they move uphill in the last century.

Processes of runoff formation at the Putorana Plateau (Central Siberia, Russia)

<p>The Putorana Plateau is located in the North-West of the Central Siberian Plateau in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in permafrost zone. Some mountain peaks reach a height of 1400 - 1700 m. The plateau is composed of stepped canyons formed by the outpouring of a huge mass of red-hot basalts. The Putorana Plateau is the territory that is still unexplored in hydrological terms. Climate change contributes to an increase in the thickness of seasonal thawing, therefore, the conditions of runoff formation change.</p><p>The purpose of the work is to study the factors of runoff formation, including the research of geocryological conditions based on short-term expedition data of the State Hydrological Institute (St. Petersburg, Russia) collected in small catchments in 1988-1990.</p><p>The object of study is the catchment of the stream Dupkun (an area of 2.75 sq. km), which is located in the basin of the Kureyka river basin, the right tributary of Yenisei River in the southwestern part of the Putorana Plateau. The maximum height of the catchment is 1228 m, and the hydrological gauge is located at an altitude of 923 m. The average slope of the catchment area is 12°. The landscape is a moss-grass mountain tundra, and perennial snowfields are also formed.</p><p>The expedition studies in the period from July 19 to September 4, 1990 included the collection of hydrometeorological information, the determination of soil characteristics (moisture content, temperature, structure at different depths and landscapes), and the study of snow cover. The route studies were conducted to determine the characteristics of landscapes, vegetation and soils in the basins of the rivers Kureyka and Khantayka.</p><p>The data of the expedition studies were processed, digitized and systematized.  Based on the collected material, the water balance of the stream Dupkun was calculated. The presence of perennial snowfields has a significant impact on the formation of runoff. At the beginning of observations, the area of snowfields was 15 %, the average snow height was 2.6 m, and the average density was 0.7 g / cm<sup>3</sup>. At the end of observations, snowfields occupied 8% of the catchment area. For 20 days, the snowmelt depth was 38 mm, the precipitation reached 140 mm, and the runoff was 167 mm. The runoff coefficient is 0.89. During the entire observation period, the runoff reached 355 mm.</p><p>These observations are considerable value due to the lack of knowledge of the geocryological, landscape and hydrological conditions of the Putorana Plateau. Since there are practically no hydrological stations in this region that study the processes of flow formation, the collected data become even more unique. Extremely scarce data allowed to conduct the assessment and verification of the parameters of the hydrological model "Hydrograph". The developed set of the model parameters was used to simulate the river flow of tundra landscapes of the Putorana Plateau and assess its contribution to the formation of the water balance of the territory in the current climate.</p><p>The study was supported by the RFBR (project No. 19-55-80028).</p>

To cognition of the scientific contribution of Professor L.I. Malyshev to the floristic research of Siberia and other territories: a brief analytical review

Analytical review of scientific contribution of Professor Malyshev is performed and presented on the floristic research of Siberia and other territories (Ural Mountains, Mongolia, Russian Far East, etc.). It was shown, that there were several stages in these researches: from Eastern Sayan to Stanovoy Uplands, Putorana Plateau, and then Central (Baikalian Siberia and Dahuria) Siberia, Siberia in whole, and joined flora of Siberia and Russian Far East, usung different methodical approaches (method of concrete flora of A.I. Tolmachev adopted to mountain regions, and various techniques of multivariate statistics, such as rank correlations for familiesspecies, families-genera, and genera-species in head parts of taxonomic spectra, usually consists of 10 to 20 taxa (families or genera). To solve some florogenetic issues, the concept of floristic complexes as stable groups of species located in a certain belt of mountains (for example, alpine and mountain-steppe) was proposed and applied. At all stages of floristic research, the task was set to maximally identify the species composition on territories of various sizes for subsequent subdivision, with the identification of the boundaries for floristic regions, subregions, provinces and sub-provinces. The local floras and working floristic districts were taken as the basic elements of such division.

Some repeated inventory results of the Putorana plateau vascular flora

Resulting generalization of herbarium and literature data and our own observations, a list of vascular plants growing on Putorana plateau territory was compiled, including 736 species (without adventive). The history of the plateau flora study since the 70s of the last century is described. The analysis of geographical and ecological-coenotic structure of the flora is carried out, according to the results of which it can be attributed to the hypoarctic type. The cluster analysis of the flora let to distinguish 3 clusters within the territory – the eastern one, with the flora of the moderately hypoarctic subtype, the central one and the southwestern one, the flora of which belongs to the hypoarcto-boreal subtype. Considerations concerning the history of the formation of the plateau flora are presented. Plant invasion on the Putorana plateau occurred both from the north, where Arctic species penetrated into the highlands, and from the south and west – these are boreal species mainly of the Eurasian and Asian fractions. A certain role in the formation of the flora is played by historical factors, especially the impact of the occurrence and melting of glaciations, which differ in different parts of the plateau.

Contribution to the knowledge of the bumblebee fauna in the Southern Taymyr

The bumblebee fauna of the Southern Taymyr region, northern Siberia, is represented by 10 species, i.e., Bombus consobrinus, B. flavidus, B. lapponicus, B. hypnorum, B. jonellus, B. cingulatus, B. balteatus, B. pyrrhopygus, B. hyperboreus, and B. cryptarum. During the field research for this study, 7 species of bumblebee on the Putorana Plateau (or the Putorana Mountains, on the northwestern edge of the Central Siberian Plateau) and 6 species near Dudinka Town were observed and B. consobrinus was found for the first time on the Putorana Plateau. To date, B. consobrinus was known only in the southern and central parts of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Regarding the regional fauna, Transpalaearctic and Holarctic species are presented. According to the latitudinal aspect, in this region there are arcto-boreal, arcto-temperate, boreal and temperate species. An analysis of the community was carried out regarding bumblebees that live on the Putorana Plateau. It was found that species of the subgenus Pyrobombus and Alpinobombus, that are typical for the tundra and forest-tundra zones in the Northern Palaearctic, are dominant within the bumblebee community.