DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED DESIGN SYSTEM FOR FLEXIBLE AUTOMATED PRODUCTION

Design of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) of modern multi-level production is usually carried out on the basis of general rationing when using large recommendations. At the same time, the specifics and features of a particular production are not always taken into account. In such a design, the most important is the experience of the designer, which is not always based on modern methods of optimizing project solutions. Therefore, the problem of creating automated design systems in the development of flexible automated productions (FAP), which use cost equipment with numerical control (CNC) is extremely urgent. The development of automated design systems is based on the ideas of a systematic approach that determine different cycles of the process: design - production preparation - production. Information about the projected object is generated in the process of project development by different groups of users: researchers, designers, designers, technologists, production organizers. A multilevel, cyclical design process requires the use of such a volume of information that cannot be processed without the use of modern mathematical methods and calculated equipment. Therefore, it is extremely important to create automated gap design systems, which are marked by greater versatility, efficiency and possibility of development, improvement and adaptation to the conditions of various enterprises. Such requirements served as the basis for the creation of an automated design system , which allows to take into account a huge amount of information in the automatic cycle during the development of the project. The scientific novelty of the work is the development of an integrated automation system for the design of processing technology and the selection of elements of FMS structures. At the same time, information unity with the system of technological training of production at the level of operation of FMS is ensured.

Effect of infant meal home preparation temperature on surviving of Bacillus cereus sensu lato: A case of Bechar city, Algeria

This work aimed to enumerate the Bacillus cereus sensu lato from infant’s flour sampled at Béchar city and evaluate its resistance to different heating conditions during meal preparation patterns at home. Our findings revealed a prevalence of 74% with 2.4 to 3.9 CFU/g in the analyzed samples. Regarding the heat resistance at 90 °C to 98 °C, our results showed heat resistance variability which depends on the isolate, for example, D90 °C and zT °C values varied from 3.24 to 5.52 min and 11.56 to 89.74 °C respectively. Then, the decimal reduction (n) was calculated at all preparation temperatures (50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 °C). Low “n” was observed with the preparation at T≤50 °C as recommended by the fabricant. However, at the other temperatures, high “n” was observed at 100°C with median and 95th values of 2.22 and 12.36 respectively. Therefore, bacterial concentrations (99th) were estimated at 0.124 log CFU/g for 100 °C. These concentrations could be increased with bacterial growth during meal storage and then achieve critical concentrations. Thus, the results of this work highlight the interest to establish a risk assessment for babies and to improve the production, preparation, and storage conditions of the infant’s flour.

How to Build a Linkage between High-Quality Assurance Production System and Production Support Automated System

To maintain the planned production volume for potential disaster, the Japanese manufacturing industry needs to develop and rebuilt the global product that is to strengthen QCD (Quality, Cost, and Delivery). The keys to fulfilling this need are automated facility, human skills to operate the facility (production operator), and a production system incorporated with production data systems that activate the facility and human system subject to each overseas plant conditions. Therefore, the author has created a new system that ensures the necessity of building a new production system for global production, eliminates ambiguity among the processes of production planning, production preparation, production and process control, and formalizes and builds the linkage among the processes. This paper is to reveal the effectiveness of the above-specified objectives of the newly created systems. Especially the highly accurate robot production system has been tested and confirmed at Toyota Motor Corporation.

ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE MICRORELIEF PARAMETERS FORMED AS A RESULT OF CENTERLESS GRINDING OF THE FULL SPHERE

При технологической подготовке операций чистовой и отделочной обработки деталей абразивными инструментами очень важными задачами являются прогнозирование ее результатов в зависимости от назначенных режимов и назначение режимов в зависимости от требуемого качества обработанных поверхностей. Имеющиеся многочисленные справочные материалы такого характера получены в лабораторных условиях, носят дискретный характер, не учитывают специфическую топографию поверхностей абразивных инструментов и множества других условий и поэтому недостаточно достоверны. На их основе возможно планировать технологический процесс только предварительно, а затем неизбежно требуется уточнять его параметры экспериментальным путем, что приводит к значительному удорожанию процесса подготовки производства. Наличие достоверной аналитической методики позволяет кратно снизить эти затраты, и поэтому она настоятельно необходима не только и даже не столько при выполнении научных исследований, сколько в реальном производстве. В статье аналитически определены параметры микрорельефа, образующегося в результате бесцентрового шлифования полной сферы. Уточнено влияние процесса выхаживания на формирование шероховатости сферы. Приведена методика расчета среднеарифметического отклонения микропрофиля сферической поверхности In the technological preparation of the operations of finishing processing of parts with abrasive tools, it is very important to predict its results depending on the assigned modes and the purpose of modes depending on the required quality of the processed surfaces. The available numerous reference materials of this nature were obtained in laboratory conditions, are discrete in nature, do not take into account the specific topography of the surfaces of abrasive tools and many other conditions, and therefore are not reliable enough. On their basis, it is possible to plan the technological process only in advance, and then inevitably it is necessary to refine its parameters experimentally, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of the production preparation process. The availability of a reliable analytical method allows you to multiply these costs, and therefore it is urgently needed not only and even not so much when performing scientific research, but in real production. In the article, we analytically determine the parameters of the microrelief formed as a result of centerless grinding of a full sphere. We determined the influence of the nursing process on the formation of the sphere roughness. We present a method for calculating the arithmetic mean deviation of the micro-profile of a spherical surface

Examining the current value of indigenous plant material culture in Limpopo Province, South Africa

Indigenous plant-derived material culture dominates many of the tools and utensils manufactured and used by communities that depended on the natural resources for their livelihoods. Endemic plants provide humans with essential materials for construction purposes and for the design of household utensils. The goal of this study was to describe the current value of indigenous plant material culture. Semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 127 respondents provide 13 native plants as sources of fibre, timber, culms, oil and dye used to make household utensils, huts, brooms, mats and baskets. The cultural significance of these materials includes the production, preparation, serving and storage of food; house construction; protection of courtyards; and cleaning. These materials are still valued in the culture of the studied community, and represent the tangible heritage of the community.

PRINCIPLES OF APPROACH TO DETERMINATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL ELEMENT BASE FOR AUTOMATION OF MACHINING PRODUCTION PREPARATION THROUGHOUT CYCLE

The use in the practice of design works of technological preparation of production (CCI) of parameters of design quality of the main elements of integration of the design (checkpoint) element base prevents transition of CCI to information technology of automation of a certain level of solution of problems of practice throughout its cycle. This is manifested, in particular, in the fact that during the change of technological operations of transformation along their route, as well as between the stages of CCI and checkpoint, information and logical links of knowledge are objectively interrupted. When determining a continuous, flexible algorithm in the technology of automation of solving problems of CCI practice, significant difficulties arise. Concepts of existing knowledge were often not up-to-date, which hampered automation – a fast communication system was needed. The primary basis of automation is the formalization of knowledge. Insufficient formalization of knowledge (the content is descriptive) leads to the use of inefficient dialogue technologies, the work of which is organized with reference information in the electronic form of its display. To overcome these difficulties, the structure of the CCI knowledge base in its hierarchy is proposed for seven levels of basic objects of various types, it is based on formalized approaches. Knowledge objects are focused on the consistent and continuous solution of CCI practice throughout its cycle. The structure of all knowledge objects is based on its own technological element base, which is organic for CCI. Only on such an elementary basis can the main target functions of CCI be realistically achieved in solving the problems of its practice on their possible set.

Analysis and improvement in the Electrical Discharge Machining process used on the manufacturing of moulds for plastics injection moulding

Due to increasing competitiveness in the industry, companies will invariably adopt strategies to ensure that their employees continuously eliminate waste and create more value. This concept was applied at a company that designs, develops, and manufactures steel moulds for the injection of thermoplastics, with the purpose of implementing Lean thinking in the production sector, thus achieving the following objectives: organization of production; preparation of documents to support production, and standardization of graphite stock. Regarding the application of the 5S tool, an improvement in worker safety, and in cleaning was observed, which also led to a reduction in the time wasted when locating tools. Through the implementation of 5S auditing, enabling to verify an overall improvement, from a rating of 35% in the first audit to 85% in the subsequent audit. The tools implemented allowed for improvements in communication between sectors, leading to increased productivity and productive autonomy. Finally, graphite stock was standardized by means of Kanban.