PYROLYTIC RECOVERY AS A PROSPECTIVE USE OF PLASTIC WASTE MATERIALS

Prospective use of plastic material components resulting from their pyrolytic recovery is presented in the paper. Selected plastic waste materials (PE, PP, PS) were evaluated using modern analytical method GS-MS after the low-temperature pyrolysis. The low-temperature pyrolysis shows that the sample of PS was well-suited to this application and this recovery is important in the case of all three samples as well. The presence of 26 substances with 1-Hexene (13.72%) was observed in the case of pyrolysis products, specifically PE. When investigating PP, 36 substances with the highest content of 2.4-Dimethyl-1-heptene (38.35%) were defined. 20 substances containing especially Styrene (79.97%) were determined as the major products of PS pyrolysis. Moreover, using the GC-MS analysis, it was found out that chemical compounds present in all samples could be further recovered. The possibility of using the pyrolysis to recover the plastic waste materials in order to protect the environment is necessary.

Quantitative Content Parameter in the Standardization of Veratrum Aqua, Veratrum Lobelianum Bernh. Based Drug

Introduction. According to the XIV Edition of the Russian Federation State Pharmacopoeia, the quality control of the «Veratrum Lobelianum rhizome and roots» herbal substance is carried out through the determination of the alkaloid sum by means of the titration-based method. There are no selective and sensitive instrumental methods for the quantitative analysis of veratrum aqua active ingredients either. Veratrum aqua is produced from the mentioned above herbal substance. Therefore, the study of veratrum aqua alkaloid composition is relevant, as well as the development of a modern analytical method for individual alkaloid determination that can be implemented in veratrum aqua standardization.Aim. To develop an approach to the quantitative analysis in Veratrum Aqua standardization.Materials and methods. Two analytical methods were developed: one for the veratrum alkaloid determination in veratrum aqua samples by means of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass-spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), another – for jervine, the main veratrum aqua alkaloid, quantitation by means of HPLC with diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD).Results and discussion. Three main alkaloids, namely jervine, protoveratrine A and protoveratrine B, were identified in veratrum aqua. Jervine was found to be the most abundant one, hence it was chosen for the further development of a more affordable HPLC-DAD method. This method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision. Jervine concentrations were measured in seven veratrum aqua samples produced by different manufacturers.Conclusion. The highest jervine concentration among the examined samples was found to be 170 µg/ml, the lowest – 136 µg/ml. It is proposed to implement the following quantitative content parameter in veratrum aqua standardization: «Quantitative test. Jervine content should be not lessthan 136 µg/ml». This parameter is to be determined by HPLC-DAD.

AB1110 QUANTUM BLUE® RAPID TDM ASSAY STANDARDIZATION HIGHLY CORRELATES WITH WHO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR INFLIXIMAB

Background:Therapeutic drug monitoring of RA patients under anti-TNF therapy is based on trough level determination of the drug. Rapid assays and multiple ELISAs are available that measure anti-TNF biologics. An international standard is required to improve comparability among different assays. Recently, WHO introduced a series of anti-TNF standards for etanercept, adalimumab and infliximab. This is the first step for achieving common standardisation of assays available on the market.Objectives:The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation of the WHO standard with BÜHLMANN Quantum Blue® Infliximab standardization and to compare spiking recovery in three commercially available infliximab ELISAs and one infliximab rapid test.Methods:Calibration curves were generated with BÜHLMANN calibrators and with calibrators made from WHO international standard for infliximab (NIBSC 16/170). Twenty-six serum samples, covering a concentration range from 0.5 µg/mL to 19 µg/mL, were analyzed with both calibration curves and compared by Bland-Altman and Passing-Bablok analysis. Furthermore, recovery of six serum samples spiked with WHO international standard for infliximab was determined in Theradiag LISA TRACKER Infliximab (a), Grifols/Progenika Promonitor-IFX (b), Immundiagnostik IDKmonitor Infliximab drug level (c) and BÜHLMANN Quantum Blue® Infliximab (d). Spiking recovery experiments were performed according to Westgard 2008.Results:The sample values gained with BÜHLMANN calibrators showed an excellent correlation with values gained with the WHO international standard for infliximab as calibrator. Passing-Bablok regression analysis revealed a slope of 0.96 and correlation coefficient (R) of 0.99. Bland-Altman analysis revealed a mean difference in the obtained values of less than five percent. Regarding spiking recovery analysis, all tests exhibit an excellent mean recovery of 101% (85-114%; a), 99% (91-105%; b); 101% (95-107%; c) and 94% (88-100%, d).Conclusion:Current standardization of Quantum Blue® Infliximab rapid test correlates very well with the WHO international standard for infliximab (NIBSC 16/170). Spiking recovery was highly comparable for ELISAs and the Quantum Blue® Infliximab assay. This rapid test represents a unique and modern analytical method, for fast time-to-result and simplicity of usage in a more patient near medical environment.References:[1]Westgard, James. (2008). Basic Method Validation.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

NMR spectroscopy – a modern analytical tool for serum analytics of lipoproteins and metabolites

NMR spectroscopy is a modern analytical method which is extremely suitable for the analysis of various body fluids. In addition to small metabolite quantification, the method is capable of differentiated lipoprotein subfraction measurements. The technique can be well standardized and allows extensive automation and good sample throughput compared with lipoprotein fractionation via ultracentrifugation. Because all evaluated parameters are determined simultaneously in one measurement, this method is especially suitable for metabolomics approaches in which even subtle changes in metabolite ratios may be relevant. This review gives an overview of the current methods of NMR spectroscopy, analysis strategies, and practical applications in various studies concerning lipid analysis as well as metabolomics. Over the course of the past years, NMR spectroscopy has heavily evolved from a mere research method into a tool that can be expected to play an important role in routine diagnostic testing in the future.

The Ruprechtov Natural Analogue Site (CZ) Study: Mobile Natural Organic Matter Identification, Characterisation and Link to PA Relevant Processes

The Ruprechtov Natural Analogue (CZ) Programme has been focused on studying real system processes, relevant to performance assessment (PA) of sediment formations that can form the overburden of geological repository host rocks. The site has been extensively studied due to its geological constitution (granite – kaolin – clay – U mineralisation – organic matter). The presented study used Ruprechtov unique but well-described geological conditions in order to identify and characterise mobile organic matter (MOM) that can be easily released into groundwater and can influence PA relevant specie migration due to complexation/sorption reaction. The modern analytical method MALDI-TOF MS was used for characterisation. It was found that only a small fraction of sedimentary natural organic matter (NOM) from the site was easily releasable (max. 5%) as MOM, resulting in low organic substance concentration in natural groundwater. MOM amount released was decreasing with increasing NOM content. MALDI-TOF MS proved to be a useful tool to characterize organic substances, either natural ones or artificially released from natural organic matter samples. A noticeable fingerprint for all the MOM compounds analysed was found at MALDI-TOF MS spectra. This showed that MOM from the Ruprechtov site was in all cases composed of molecules with low molecular weight (under 1000 Da). As determined by the consequent geochemical analyses, despite groundwater reducing conditions MOM compounds would be mainly interacting with U(VT) in the groundwater, being present as more abundant U specie. Good correspondence of results enabled to consider the extracted humic acid HA 12/3 as a mobile organic matter fraction representative.