The Portable Coup: The Jurisprudence of ‘Revolution’ in Uganda and Nigeria

In the years after independence, former British colonies in eastern and southern Africa struggled to fill the ranks of their judiciaries with African judges. Beginning in the mid-1960s, states including Uganda, Tanzania, and Botswana solved this problem by retaining judges from the Caribbean and West Africa, especially Nigeria. In this same period, a wave of coups brought many independent states under the rule of their militaries (or authoritarian civilian regimes). Foreign judges who had been appointed in the name of pan-African cooperation were tasked with interpreting the laws that soldiers imposed, and assessing the legitimacy of regimes born of coups. The decisions they rendered usually accommodated authoritarianism, but they could also be turned against it. To understand how colonial law and postcolonial solidarities shaped Africa's military dictatorships, this article focuses on one judge, Sir Egbert Udo Udoma of Nigeria, who served as Uganda's first African chief justice and was an influential member of the Nigerian Supreme Court. Udoma and other judges like him traversed the continent in the name of African cooperation, making a new body of jurisprudence as they did so. Their rulings were portable, and they came to underpin military rule in many states, both in Africa and in the wider Commonwealth.

ESTIMATING THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF NIGERIA DURING MILITARY AND CIVILIAN REGIMES: A CHOW TEST

Gross domestic product is the commonest economic vari- able that is used to measure economic performance, either for intertemporal or international comparison. Nigeria as a country has been ruled since independence by two sets of regimes: the military and the civilian. Arguments were and still are concerned with which of the two regimes favoured the country economically. The study therefore estimates the gross domestic product of Nigeria using Chow test. The essence of Chow test is to determine if there was structural break from the point the country fully began civilian dis- pensation from the previous military regime. Using both the F statistic and the Chow test, the results show that there was indeed structural break between the military regime and the civilian regime. This result was further confirmed by the Cusum Square test that shows that the overall model was unstable before the correction. The results further show that out of five components of aggregate demand, four of the variables have coefficients higher during the civilian than the military regime. The study therefore concluded that civilian rule is better economically than military rule in Nigeria. It was recommended that politicians and politi- cal office holders should act within the ambit of the law to sustain the democracy the country is currently enjoying.

The impact of government funding on senior high enrolment in Ghana

Successive governments, both military and civilian regimes, funded senior high school education in Ghana to increase access and improve quality since the nation attained independence on 6 March 1957. In the study reported on here we adopted a quantitative research method using secondary data from five public senior high schools in the Wa Municipality, as these schools are beneficiaries of government funding in Ghana. We used the generalised linear model to test the impact of government funding on student enrolment. The study reveals that government funding has a significant impact on increasing enrolment among girls but it is not statistically significant in increasing boys’ enrolment.

About the Comparative and Qu’ranic Analysis of cdots in Nigeria

It is written that The paper examines and compares the performance of the agricultural sector during the Military and the Civilian Regimes in Nigeria. It also compares the proportion of public expenditures on agriculture with the allocations to other sectors of the economy such as Education, Health and Transport.The paper adopts a descriptive approach and the findings show that there is a direct relationship between the proportion of public expenditure and agricultural performance and that public expenditure on the Agricultural Sector lags behind the expenditures on these other sectors. The paper also shows that the Agricultural Sector received more percentage of public expenditure during the Civilian regime but the contribution of agriculture to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was higher during the Military than the Civilian regime. This shows that the performance of agriculture is not only a function of the proportion of public expenditure, but a combination of factors such as judicious use of the resources, the quality of agricultural policies/programmes embarked upon, among others. The paper therefore recommends increased budgetary allocation to the Agricultural Sector as well as its proper and judicious use to guarantee poverty reduction, sustainable livelihood and enhanced food security.

Urban Growth During Civilian and Military Administrations in Osogbo, Nigeria

Research on comparative analysis of urban growth and structure during military and civilian regimes most especially in Africa where coup d’etats is common and where private individuals mainly control land is limited. This study analyzed the temporal patterns and morphological characteristics of urban growth during the military and civilian regimes as well as during different civilian administrations using eight landscape metrics. Landsat satellite images of 1984, 1991, 2000, 2003, 2010 and 2014 were used in the analysis. It was found that urban growth occurred primarily through expansion (annexation) of extant urban areas rather than spontaneous and detached development.

Rule of Law, Governance, and Sustainable Development

The chapter is predicated on the premise that strong adherence and commitment to the rule of law and good governance is essential for sustainable development. Using a holistic approach, the study established that Nigerian leaders have consistently disregarded the principles of rule of law and good governance, violating the ideal democratic values and institutions which undermine the country's sustainable development. Over long years of military rule, governance has been badly and negatively impacted because observance of rule of law and democratic tenets are not in consonance with military ethics and rule. Civilian regimes have not fared better. The process leading to non-sustainable development and underdevelopment are mostly accompanied by the subversion of due process, the manipulation of existing laws and regulations to suit parochial interests. The chapter concluded that for sustainable development to take effect, there is need for re-orientation of political leaders towards adherence to the principle of rule of law and good governance as the foundation for sustainable development in Nigeria.