Problems That Accompany School Education for Combating Socio-Pathological Behaviors

Going to school today means living a creative life worthy of a young man. The school is a living community of students, teachers, and parents. Problems arising from the school environment are very common today and are present at all levels of education. The pursuit of a quality, free, and democratic school has become a reality in many parts of the world, but due to the complexity of certain curricula, and rigorous assessment techniques, schools are sometimes still a place of coercion to learn. It is especially important to know the prerequisites for proper school education, the problems faced by students, and the measures that can be taken to prevent, reduce, or eliminate them. In order for school education to be realized in accordance with positive educational outcomes, it is necessary to organize, realize, and monitor its outcomes and results in an appropriate manner.

Is another democracy possible in schools? Challenges to create a truly democratic school

In most schools everywhere, democracy and participation continue to be carried out through the usual channels based on representative democracy and the vote of elected representatives. However, this reality is not monolithic, and we do find centers committed to practise a full and more profound democracy. Based on a case study, the article analyzes the theoretical and practical approach of Germinal School. Despite some difficulties, this school has successfully implemented a project of radical democracy, both through micropolitics and daily pedagogical action. This article also examines why it is so difficult to democratize school and how to create a truly democratic institution. Finally, we address the possibility of extending the democratic model presented here to other schools.

A gestão escolar democrática na perspectiva freireana

O artigo discute a gestão escolar na perspectiva freireana a partir do estudo de casos múltiplos envolvendo escolas públicas de Salvador, Bahia, utilizando abordagem qualitativa e baseado na questão de como a gestão escolar municipal tem efetivado a gestão democrática considerando a perspectiva freireana de participação popular. O estudo visou refletir acerca da concretização da gestão escolar democrática envolvendo a participação dos sujeitos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). A pesquisa demonstrou que para alcançar uma perspectiva freireana na gestão escolar é necessário que o diálogo e a participação estejam presentes, condições essenciais para que a democracia seja vivida e experienciada com a participação efetiva dos sujeitos da EJA na condução dos processos de gestão da escola, com vistas a auferir uma educação mais humanizadora, includente e que tencione atender aos reais anseios dos estudantes.Palavras-chave: Gestão escolar democrática. Diálogo. Educação de Jovens e Adultos.Democratic school management from the freirean perspectiveABSTRACT The article discusses the school management from Freire's perspective through the study of multiple cases involving public schools in Salvador, Bahia, using a qualitative approach and based on the question of how municipal school management has implemented democratic management considering the Freirean perspective of popular participation. The study aimed to reflect on the implementation of democratic school management involving the participation of the subjects of the Youth and Adult Education (YAE). Research has shown that in order to achieve a Freirean perspective in school management, dialogue and participation must be present, essential conditions for democracy to be lived and experienced with the effective participation of the subjects of YAE in the conduction of school management processes, with the purpose of obtaining a more humanizing and inclusive education, that intends to meet the real concerns of the studentsKeywords: Democratic school management. Dialogue. Youth and Adult Education.La gestión escolar democrática en la perspectiva de FreireRESUMENEl artículo analiza la gestión escolar en la perspectiva de Freire basada en estudio de casos múltiples que involucran escuelas públicas en Salvador, Bahía, utilizando un enfoque cualitativo basado en la cuestión de cómo la gestión escolar municipal ha implementado la gestión democrática considerando la perspectiva de Freire de participación popular. El estudio tuvo como objetivo reflexionar sobre la implementación de la gestión escolar democrática que involucra la participación de sujetos de la Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos (EJA). La investigación ha demostrado que, para lograr una perspectiva de Freire sobre la gestión escolar, debe haber el diálogo y la participación, condiciones esenciales para que la democracia sea experimentada con la participación efectiva de los sujetos de EJA en la conducción de los procesos de gestión escolar, con el fin de obtener una educación más humanizada e inclusiva que tenga la intención de satisfacer los verdaderos deseos de los estudiantes.Palabras clave: Gestión Escolar Democrática. Diálogo. Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos.

Democratic School Culture and Democratic School Leadership / Demokratska školska kultura i demokratsko školsko vođenje

The paper presents the results of research exploring the relationship betweendemocratic school leadership and democratic school culture in primary schools.The research is based on the present knowledge that points to the significant role ofprincipals in the process of developing and changing school culture (Fullan, 2005).The aim of the research was to determine the extent of primary teachers’ perceptionregarding the level of development of selected characteristics of democratic schoolleadership and its connection to their estimate of the level of development of selectedcharacteristics of democratic school culture. The research comprised 651 teachersfrom the City of Zagreb and Zagreb County. The research was conducted by meansof a survey using a questionnaire containing two instruments: the Instrumentfor the measurement of characteristics of democratic school leadership (designedfor the research) and the Instrument for the measurement of characteristics ofdemocratic school culture (adopted from Spajić-Vrkaš, 2016). According to theteachers’ perception, principals in the City of Zagreb and Zagreb County implementcharacteristics of democratic school leadership to a significant degree. They perceivethe level of characteristics of democratic school culture as moderate. In addition, theresearch has determined a statistically significant high positive correlation betweencharacteristics of democratic school leadership and democratic school culture.Key words: democratic school culture; democratic school leadership; primary school;principal, teachers. - U radu je prikazano istraživanje u kojem je provjeren odnos između demokratskogaškolskog vođenja i demokratske školske kulture u osnovnim školama. Istraživanje setemelji na dosadašnjim spoznajama koje upućuju na značajnu ulogu ravnatelja urazvoju i mijenjanju školske kulture (Fullan, 2005). Svrha je istraživanja utvrditije li i u kojoj mjeri procjena učitelja osnovnih škola o stupnju razvijenosti odabranih obilježja demokratskoga školskog vođenja povezana s njihovomprocjenom stupnja razvijenosti odabranih obilježja demokratske školske kulture.U istraživanju je sudjelovao 651 učitelj iz grada Zagreba i Zagrebačke županije.Istraživanje je provedeno anketnim ispitivanjem u kojem je korišten upitnik kojije sadržavao Instrument za mjerenje obilježja demokratskoga školskog vođenja(izrađen za potrebe istraživanja) i Instrument za mjerenje obilježja demokratskeškolske kulture (preuzet od Spajić-Vrkaš, 2016.). Prema percepciji učitelja ravnateljiu Gradu Zagrebu i Zagrebačkoj županiji u značajnoj mjeri implementiraju obilježjademokratskoga školskog vođenja te percipiraju da u školama postoji osrednjarazina prisutnosti obilježja demokratske školske kulture. Nadalje, istraživanjemje utvrđena statistički značajna visoka pozitivna povezanost između obilježjademokratskoga školskog vođenja i demokratske školske kulture.Ključne riječi: demokratska školska kultura; demokratsko školsko vođenje; osnovnaškola; ravnatelj; učitelji.