Pemaknaan Ibadah Live Streaming Berdasarkan Fenomenologi Edmund Husserl

This study aimed to find the meaning of worship, fellowship and liturgy experienced by the congregation during Sunday Worship live streaming during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used was descriptive qualitative phenomenological Edmund Husserl, which explains the meaning or meaning of a life experience of several people, groups of a concept, habit or phenomenon. This study found that the congregation was less able to experience the meaning of live streaming worship related to the meaning of fellowship, worship and liturgy during the Covid-19 pandemic, because they did not understand its essence. The true meaning of worship can be experienced when understanding worship as fellowship with the Triune God who transcends time and space.Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan makna ibadah, persekutuan dan liturgi yang dialami jemaat dalam Ibadah Minggu secara live streaming pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif fenomenologis Edmund Husserl, yang menjelaskan arti atau makna sebuah pengalaman hidup beberapa orang, kelompok atas sebuah konsep, kebiasaan atau fenomena. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa jemaat kurang dapat mengalami makna ibadah live streaming terkait makna persekutuan, ibadah maupun liturgi pada masa pandemi Covid-19, karena kurang memahami esensinya. Makna ibadah yang sesungguhnya dapat dirasakan apabila memahami ibadah sebagai persekutuan dengan Allah Tritunggal yang melampaui urang dan waktu.

La coherencia de la doctrina trinitaria desde la noción de función de Gottlob Frege

En este artículo se pretende mostrar la coherencia de los enunciados sobre el Dios uno y trino en la teología analítica, a partir de su formulación en el llamado credo atanasiano. Se ofrece un panorama crítico sobre la discusión acerca de la inteligibilidad del misterio de la Trinidad en la teología filosófica analítica reciente, así como las diversas soluciones en algunos de sus más destacados representantes: la del trinitarianismo social (William Hasker), la del trinitarianismo latino (Brian Leftow) y la identidad relativa aplicada a la teoría trinitaria (Peter van Inwagen). Para superar las dificultades que tienen estas posiciones, derivadas, sobre todo, de su problemática noción de persona, se presenta una contribución a esta discusión con un novedoso análisis de la Trinidad, basado en la noción de función de Gottlob Frege. Con este análisis se explica por qué no hay contradicción entre los enunciados trinitarios, y así se justifica la consistencia y, en consecuencia, la coherencia de la doctrina trinitaria. Abstract: This article aims to show the coherence of the statements about the one and triune God in analytic theology, starting from their formulation in the so-called Athanasian Creed. It offers a critical overview of the discussion about the intelligibility of the mystery of the Trinity in recent analytic philosophical theology, as well as the various solutions in some of its most prominent representatives: the social trinitarianism (William Hasker), the Latin trinitarianism (Brian Leftow) and the relative identity applied to trinitarian theory (Peter van Inwagen). In order to overcome the difficulties with these positions, derived, above all, from their problematic notion of personhood, a contribution to this discussion is presented with a novel analysis of the Trinity, based on Gottlob Frege's notion of function. This analysis explains why there is no contradiction between trinitarian statements, and thus justifies the consistency and, consequently, the coherence of trinitarian doctrine.

Basil of Caesarea, Inseparable Operations, and the Divinity of the Holy Spirit

Basil of Caesarea is one of the most prominent pro-Nicene theologians and defenders of the Holy Spirit. One of the common features of pro-Nicene theology is the doctrine of inseparable operations—that all acts of the triune God in creation are undivided. But what role did the inseparability principle play in Basil’s trinitarian theology, especially regarding the Holy Spirit? Examining Basil’s historical context and his major works Against Eunomius and On the Holy Spirit, this article argues that the doctrine of inseparable operations is a critical and proper element in the bishop’s trinitarian theology and, therefore, is vital to his defending the Holy Spirit’s co-divinity alongside the Father and the Son. Basil’s coherence of the inseparability axiom with the other elements of pro-Nicene theology thus serves as a fitting case study of classical trinitarianism. His legacy has become our inheritance.

The Future of New Testament Theology, or, What Should Devout Modern Bible Scholarship Look Like?

Consideration of the nature of New Testament Theology (NTT) necessitates an account of theology or “God-talk”. Karl Barth grasped that all valid God-talk begins with God’s self-disclosure through Jesus and the Spirit, which people acknowledge and reflect on. Abandoning this starting point by way of “Foundationalism”—that is, resorting to any alternative basis for God-talk—leads to multiple destructive epistemological and cultural consequences. The self-disclosure of the triune God informs the use of the Bible by the church. The Bible then functions in terms of ethics and witness. It grounds the church’s ethical language game. Creative readings here are legitimate. The New Testament (NT) also mediates a witness to Jesus, which implies an historical dimension. However, it is legitimate to affirm that Jesus was resurrected (see 1 Cor 15:1–9), which liberates the devout modern Bible scholar in relation to history. The historical readings generated by such scholars have value because the self-disclosing God is deeply involved with particularity. These readings can be added to the archive of scriptural readings used by the church formationally. Ultimately, then, all reading of the NT is theological (or should be) and in multiple modes. NTT focuses our attention on the accuracy of the God-talk operative within any historical reconstruction, and on its possible subversion, which are critical matters.

Missio Dei as the Main Project: Project Management Model for Mission of God

The emergence of the concept of Missio Dei (Mission of God) from the perspective of the International Missionary Council (IMC) arguably demonstrated that the role of the Triune God in his own mission was undeservedly marginalized for decades, if not centuries preceding 1952. Over the past decades there has been a sustained research activity conceptualizing Missio Dei, and at the same time renewing missiological interest in other Christian missions. However, to the author’s awareness, there has been very little or no effort to introduce or use known project models that can be utilized to show coherence or collaboration of missions towards the project of fulfilling the objective of Missio Dei. Through a desk-top literature review, this paper proposes the use of a project management model to properly conceptualize the location of Missio Dei as a main project that includes other network of missions as sub-projects within its framework. The Triune God is here identified as Project managers while human participants are seen as project stakeholders. Christian missions include Missio Christos, Missio Spiritus, Missio Hominum and Missio Ecclesiae as sub-projects. The proposed model will demonstrate the coordination and collaboration of missions in the broader context of Missio Dei and further assist with a proper understanding of roles that each mission is, or should play, in achieving the objective of Missio Dei. While efforts are being made here to propose a project management model for Missio Dei, further research is needed to determine whether this proposal will yield an in-depth understanding of Missio Dei as a missiological paradigm in conjunction with the role of other missions.

RELASI BAPA DAN ANAK PADA PERISTIWA SALIB MENURUT PANDANGAN JÜRGEN MOLTMANN

The cry of Jesus saying "My God, My God, why have You forsaken me?" draws Jürgen Moltmann’s attention to investigate what happened in the relationship between the Father and the Son at the event of the cross. Moltmann sees that in this event of the cross, for the first time, Jesus crying out called the Father not as Father but as "God". The exclamation is then seen as an indication of separation in the intratrinity relationship. Moltmann supports his conclusion with the thought of Karl Rahner who believes that "the immanent Trinity is the economic Trinity." In an attempt to explain what happened in the relationship between the Father and the Son at the cross, Moltmann uses the trinitarian point of view, namely seeing the Triune God first as three distinct persons and then seeing the unity. The weakness of Moltmann's thinking is that it creates the impression that the economic Trinity can change the immanent Trinity and falls into the understanding of the social Trinity. This understanding can also give the impression that the cross event can separate the relationship between the Father and the Son. By using a descriptive analysis method, this paper will show that even in the event of the cross, the relationship between the Father and the Son remains intact and one. First of all, the author describes Moltmann's view and provides some reviews of these views. Then, the author gives a view of the relationship between the Father and the Son with respect to the call of Jesus at the cross. Keywords: Jürgen Moltmann, broken Trinity, intratrinity relation, cross. Abstrak: Seruan Yesus yang mengatakan “Allahku, Allahku, mengapa Engkau meninggalkan Aku?” menarik perhatian Jürgen Moltmann untuk menyelidiki apa yang terjadi dalam relasi Bapa dan Anak pada peristiwa salib. Moltmann melihat bahwa pada momen ini untuk pertama kalinya Yesus berseru memanggil Bapa bukan dengan sebutan Bapa, tetapi dengan sebutan “Allah”. Seruan ini kemudian dilihat sebagai indikasi terjadinya keterpisahan dalam relasi intratritunggal. Moltmann mendukung pernyataannya ini dengan mengadopsi pemikiran Karl Rahner yang meyakini bahwa “the immanent Trinity is the economic Trinity.” Dalam upaya untuk menjelaskan apa yang terjadi dalam relasi Bapa dan Anak pada peristiwa salib, Moltmann memakai sudut pandang trinitaris, yaitu melihat Allah Tritunggal pertama-tama sebagai tiga pribadi yang berbeda kemudian melihat kesatuannya. Kelemahan dari pemikiran Moltmann adalah menimbulkan kesan the economic Trinity dapat mengubah the immanent Trinity dan jatuh pada pemahaman Trinitas sosial. Pemahaman ini juga dapat menimbulkan kesan bahwa peristiwa salib dapat membuat relasi Bapa dan Anak terpisah. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, tulisan ini akan memperlihatkan bahwa pada peristiwa salib pun, relasi Bapa dan Anak tetap utuh dan satu. Pertama-tama penulis memaparkan pandangan Moltmann dan memberikan beberapa tinjauan terhadap pandangan tersebut. Kemudian, penulis memberikan pandangan tentang relasi Bapa dan Anak terkait dengan seruan Yesus. Kata-kata Kunci: Jürgen Moltmann, keterpisahan Tritunggal, relasi intratritunggal, salib.

Spiritual Disciplines for Holiness in the Life of a Minister

Pastors need to use the spiritual disciplines daily and diligently to cultivate sanctification toward God to know him increasingly better. With the Spirit’s blessing, such cultivation is essential for a truly God-owned ministry that results from the pastor’s large, varied, and original life with God. Pastors must read Scripture diligently, systematically, prayerfully, and meditatively; pray unceasingly, read sound literature, listen to God- glorifying sermons, and profit from the sacraments, fellowship with believers, and sanctifying the Lord’s Day. Even faithful stewardship of time and money, evangelizing and serving others, and the ministry of the Word through loving the Triune God and his people can be forms of a lifestyle of spiritual discipline that grows our relationship with God and promotes and sustains an effective ministry. KEYWORDS: Holiness, spiritual disciplines, prayer, fellowship, ministry, love