Community, conflict and conservation: response of mammalian fauna to ecological and anthropological correlates ‒ a critical habitat in Indo-Bhutan transboundary landscape urges multiagency cooperation

The impacts of conflict on nature are devastatingly adverse but differ widely in different socio-political regimes. Armed conflict often facilitates illegal plunder and unsustainable use of natural resources, variously by rebel groups and impoverished or displaced people challenged with limited subsistence options. We studied the response of mammals in Ripu Reserve Forest (Assam) that suffers prolonged anthropogenic pressure due to armed conflict instigated by social unrest. We used standard single-season (spatial-dependence) occupancy models using sign survey to assess the factors affecting the space use of mammals and subsequently build capacity of conservation volunteers for long-term sustenance of Ripu. Our study revealed that Ripu has a high proportion of occupied area by prey species of large carnivores. Asian elephant, barking deer, and wild pig occupied most of the habitat, whereas gaur, sambar and spotted deer restricted themselves to selected patches within the Ripu. Common leopards found to be positively associated with prey occupancy. The studied mammals responded variably to different ecological and anthropological covariates and urge for species-specific management alongside landscape scale conservation approach. Our ground effort to strengthen community patrolling and operational execution of various alternative livelihood has helped to empower the economic condition of patrolling staff. Strategic implementation of law enforcement could support dispersal of tigers from Phibsoo WLS (Bhutan), potentially linked with the larger tiger and elephant landscape far west (Buxa Tiger Reserve) in the Terai region of India. Community-based conservation initiatives required continuous support from various agencies, including national, international, and local bodies, to restore this critical habitat.

Resolusi Konflik Sosial Keagamaan Masyarakat Pulau Raam Kota Sorong, Papua Barat

The harmony of the life of the Butonese and other ethnic groups was disturbed by the presence of Pelangi PAUD, the Pentecostal Church, and the Foreign Congregation on Raam Island. The purpose of this research is to describe the potential for community conflict in Raam Island, Sorong City by uncovering the factors that trigger the potential for conflict and finding alternative harmonization of the Raam Island community. Data were collected qualitatively through semi-structural in-depth interviews, non-participatory observation, and documentation. This research shows that First; The socio-religious conflict began when the management of the Pelangi PAUD Foundation broke a promise to involve Muslim teachers to teach early childhood students. Second; The construction of the Pentecostal Church which was deemed not in accordance with the existing regulations, the atmosphere became increasingly cloudy when the Church congregations were not local residents and were not known. Harmonization solutions can be done by strengthening the organizational functions of the FKUB to be improved both among the people of Raam Island and the government. Socialization of the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Religion and the Minister of Home Affairs concerning the Maintenance of Religious Harmony, Empowerment of Religious Harmony Forums, and the Establishment of Houses of Worship.

Research on obstacles of socialization of old residential district management under the theory of community conflict—Regression analysis based on SPSS software

The socialization of old residential district management is an inevitable trend of urban development, but the current situation is not optimistic. According to the theory of community conflict, this paper analyzes obstacles of management socialization from four perspectives of environmental factors, opposite relations, power factors and emotional factors, and constructs an analysis system for the socialization obstacles of old residential district management. Regression analysis of the survey data through the establishment of orderly multiple Logit models, using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 software to process the data. The regression analysis of the data shows that environmental factors, opposite relations, and emotional factors have a significant impact on the socialization of old residential district management. The results show that the transformation of old residential areas, diversified management of property service enterprises, increased publicity and establishment of supervision mechanisms, and the establishment and use of the role of owners' committees, which can effectively promote the socialization process of old residential district management, fill in shortcomings, and improve the quality of life of residents in old communities.

Police Officer Stress and Coping in a Stress-Awareness Era

This study was conducted as controversy and turmoil engulfed police worldwide. Police-community conflict was widespread and conceivably increased officers’ stress levels. Because stress affects officers’ health and job performance, it is important to understand the phenomenon. This study was designed to ascertain officers’ stress levels, coping mechanisms, and perspectives regarding police-community relations, their perceived stress-related needs, and their perceptions of departmental assistance. Participants (N = 128) were police officers across several jurisdictions of various sizes in the northeastern United States. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected; analytic methods included statistical correlations and regression, as well as qualitative, thematic analysis. Results indicated the following: Participants experienced stress across multiple areas; some coping mechanisms predicted higher expressions of stress, as did certain perspectives of police-community relations and years in law enforcement. Participants’ perspectives of their needs and their suggestions for action contributed to data-driven policy recommendations regarding both prevention and symptom reduction approaches.