An integrated design method for remanufacturing process based on performance demand

Design for remanufacturing process (DFRP) plays a key role in implementing remanufacturing because it directly affects the performance recovery of the End-of-Life (EoL) product. Since the used parts have various failure forms and defects, these make it hard to rapidly generate the remanufacturing process scheme for satisfying the performance demand of the used product. Moreover, remanufacturing process parameters are prone to conflicts during the process of implementing remanufacturing, this leads to the failure of the remanufacturing process. For accurately generating remanufacturing scheme and solving the conflicts, an integrated design method for remanufacturing process based on performance demand is proposed, which can reuse the historical remanufacturing process data for generating the remanufacturing process scheme. Firstly, for accurately describing the performance demand, the Kansei Engineering (KE) and Quality Functional Development (QFD) are applied to analyze the performance demand data and map the demand to the engineering features. Then, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) is applied to inversely generate the remanufacturing process scheme rapidly for satisfying the performance demand by reusing the historical remanufacturing process data. Meanwhile, Theory of Constraint (TOC) and TRIZ are used to identify the conflicts of the remanufacturing process and resolve the conflicts for optimizing the remanufacturing process scheme. Finally, DFRP of the saddle guideway is taken as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the result shows the design method can quickly and efficiently generate the remanufacturing process for the EoL guide rail.

Usulan Perbaikan Lintasan Produksi Dengan Menggunakan Metode Theory Of Constraint Dan Metode Moddie Young

PT. XYZ merupakan salah satu perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak di bidang vulkanisir ban di Sumatera Utara. Pada kondisi aktual, terjadi antrean pada lantai produksi dikarenakan penumpukan barang yang diproses pada beberapa stasiun kerja atau sering disebut bottleneck. Hal ini dinilai mengakibatkan throughput pada perusahaan dalam proses yang tidak optimal. Oleh karena itu penulis merancang usulan perbaikan dengan menggunakan penjadwalan stasiun kerja berdasarkan stasiun kerja dengan upaya untuk mengeliminasi stasiun kerja bottleneck dan mendapatkan keseimbangan lintasan pada lantai produksi. Penjadwalan tersebut hanya dapat mengurangi jumlah stasiun kerja bottleneck sehingga dilakukan penyusunan stasiun kerja berdasarkan kriteria line balancing. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang dipakai adalah Theory of Constraint (TOC) dan metode Moodie Young yang dapat menyelesaikan masalah yang ada sehingga waktu produksi lebih efisien. Perbaikan dilakukan adalah penjadwalan stasiun kerja dengan bottleneck yang menjadi kendala yaitu pada stasiun kerja skiving, cementing, repairing, envolving dan finishing, sehingga diperoleh 7 stasiun kerja dengan nilai smoothing index 709,43 dan efisiensi lintasan 75,44%. Perbaikan dengan metode Moodie Young terdiri dari dua fase yaitu membuat pengelompokan stasiun kerja dan melakukan redistribusi elemen kerja ke setiap stasiun kerja hasil dari fase satu. Hasil penyeimbangan dengan menggunakan metode Moodie Young diperoleh 8 stasiun kerja dengan nilai smoothing index 917,40 dan efisiensi lintasan 74,70%.

Political Environment and Biosocial Projects Performance in Informal Settlements in Nairobi County, Kenya

This research study strived to find out the influence of Political Environment on biosocial projects performance in informal settlements in the county of Nairobi. The extent to which political environment influence biosocial project performance. Biosocial projects are projects working with people with disabilities. Two theories, Theory of Constraint and diffusion were used in this field of study to support predictive and outcome variable respectively. Pragmatism paradigm and mixed research were adopted in this study projects. Quantitative data was collected through structured self-administered questionnaires while qualitative data was collected through interview guides. Collection of data was preceded by testing for validity of research instruments through reliability and content related method through test-retest criterion. In Nairobi County, a sample size of 183 individuals from 61 biosocial projects were selected from a target sample of 70 biosocial projects. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from 61 beneficiaries of the biosocial projects and 61 staff members directly working for biosocial projects in the County of Nairobi. In- depth qualitative interviews with 61 state and non-state actors through purposive sampling technique were executed. Arithmetic mean and the standard deviation were the statistical tools of analysis that were used for descriptive data, whereas Stepwise Regression (R2) and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (r) were the statistical tools of analysis that were used for inferential statistics whereas F-tests were executed to test hypothesis. To avoid statistical analysis invalidation, statistical assumptions tests were executed before analysis of data. Null hypothesis after analysis of data analysis was rejected at r = 0.313, F = 8.988, p = 0.004<0.01. Conclusively, constitution of Kenya 2010 and the Persons with Disabilities Act, 2003 were some of the key legal legislation that were pointed out to be championing success of biosocial projects performance that champion for the rights of persons with disabilities.

Stress, Meter, and Text-Setting

Verse meter organizes prominence-marking categories into isochronous and binary hierarchical rhythmic structures, subject to principles that are rooted in the faculty of language, stylized in verbal art, and manifested in a generalized and more abstract form in music and dance. This chapter outlines a theory of constraint-based generative metrics, and sketches out how it represents metrical structure and derives the typology of metrical systems. It illustrates the analysis of stress-based meters with Shakespeare’s blank verse, and it reviews the typology of quantitative meters with a view to showing that they have rhythmical properties and that they are built from the same foot types that are familiar from the phonological theory of stress. A final section discusses ways in which different musical traditions reconcile conflicts between phonology, verse meter, and musical rhythm in text-setting.

Improving Nutrition Services to Reduce Plate Waste in Patients Hospitalized Based on Theory of Constraint

Background: Highly plate waste in hospitalized patients has become a problem in Hospitals’ nutrition service department, this causes adding treatment time for patient’s recovery and making the hospital service inefficient.Objectives: This research strives to develop a set of recommendations to improve the nutrition department service quality by reducing plate wastes in hospitals. Methods: This research uses a cross-sectional approach. The constraint causing analysis is done by observing dominant waste in each menu’s component and conducting FGD with the management team, nutrition department, and other related departments. The research population is 3000 plates.Results: One of the success indicators in the hospital’s nutrition services is less than 20% of plate waste. It was found that 26,65% or 327 of 1230 observed plates have more than 20% plate waste. The constraint was set with low scale value, food’s aroma, with 2,7 which make food’s aroma as a first priority problem to solve.Conclusions: The solution recommendation about constraint causes was sent to the nutrition department and hospital directors to review the hospital’s policies and SOP. The improvement can be focused on the hospital’s internal policies, Standard Operating procedures, employee competencies, obedience to set procedures, and also chefs and cooks skill

Method for Solving Problems of Theory of Constraint by Linear Equations with Multiple Unknowns

В статье представлен метод решения задач теории ограничений систем в виде линейных уравнений со многими неизвестными, встречающихся на практике при управлении жизненным циклом изделия машиностроения. Использование метода направлено на автоматизацию процесса обоснования принятых решений на этапе подготовки производства и управления жизненным циклом изделия при управлении размерными, временными и экономическими связами. Пример первой задачи описывает ключевые аспекты ценообразования и оплаты труда с учетом производительности труда рабочих. Вторая задача является определением экономически достижимого допуска замыкающего звена размерной цепи. Третья задача описывает аспекты загрузки предприятия с учетом обязательных отчислений. Данные задачи позволяют найти рациональный вариант решения с ограниченным числом входных данных. Множество решений уравнений со многими неизвестными можно ограничить путем представления уравнений в форме математического ожидания дискретной величины и строгого алгоритма решения. Представленные задачи раскрывают метод решения задач теории ограничений систем и перспективы использования уравнений для практики при управлении жизненным циклом и построения автоматизированных систем за счет изменения сценариев и результатов расчета с учетом многофакторной модели производством.

Analisis Kendala Penggunaan Sistem Informasi JSC with FAI di Kabupaten Jember berdasarkan Theory of Constraint (TOC)

Jember Safety Center (JSC) with Fokus Anak Ibu (FAI) is an information system based on android to optimize the implementation of pregnant women referral in Jember Regency, but it is not running well. This research aims to analyze the constraints of JSC with FAI in Jember Regency based on Theory of Constraint from several aspects as market, resources (people and equipment), material, vendor, financial, knowledge, dan policy. It was a descriptive research. The object of research was JSC with FAI information system. Data were collected by questionnaire, in-depth interview, group discussion, and document study. Market constraint was the information system capability was not accordance with end user’s demand. People constraint was respondent did not really understand what features were in JSC with FAI. Equipment constraint indicated frequent Wi-Fi errors when inputting data; server in the Jember District Health Office often deal with problems; android mobile phones that used to input the data had limited memory and full of memory. Material constraint was no manual guide for user. There was also a problem with vendor of JSC with FAI, so the maintenance of information system could not be done optimally. There was no financial constraint of JSC with FAI information system. Knowledge or competence constraint was the respondent was still not familiar with the features of JSC with FAI. The policy constraint showed the Absence of policies which support the use of JSC with FAI in Healthcare Center and Jember District Health Office. Keywords: theory of constraint; Jember Safety Center; Fokus Anak Ibu ABSTRAK Jember Safety Center (JSC) with Fokus Anak Ibu (FAI) merupakan suatu sistem informasi berbasis android untuk mengoptimalisasi pelaksanaan rujukan ibu hamil dan bersalin di Kab. Jember dan masih belum berjalan secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kendala penggunaan sistem informasi JSC with FAI di Kabupaten Jember berdasarkan Theory of Constraint (TOC) melalui beberapa aspek antara lain market, resources (people and equipment), material, vendor, financial, knowledge, dan policy. Ini adalah penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan sistem. Objek penelitian adalah sistem informasi JSC with FAI. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terarah, dan studi dokumen. Market constraint adalah kemampuan sistem informasi masih belum sesuai dengan tuntutan end user. People constraint adalah responden belum begitu paham tentang fitur apa saja yang ada di JSC with FAI. Equipment constraint menunjukkan wifi sering error saat melakukan penginputan data; server yang ada di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Jember sering mengalami gangguan; handphone android yang digunakan menginputkan data kesehatan ibu dan bayi memiliki memori yang terbatas dan sering kali memori penuh. Material constraint adalah tidak ada manual guide. Vendor/ supplier constraint adalah vendor pembuat sistem informasi JSC with FAI sedang bermasalah, sehingga perbaikan dan pemeliharaan sistem tidak dapat dilakukan secara optimal. Tidak ada financial constraint dalam pengoperasian sistem informasi JSC with FAI. Knowledge atau competence constraint adalah responden belum begitu paham dengan fitur apa saja yang ada di sistem informasi JSC with FAI. Policy constraint adalah belum adanya kebijakan yang mendukung penggunaan JSC with FAI di lingkungan Puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Jember. Kata kunci: theory of constraint; Jember Safety Center; Fokus Anak Ibu

Optimisasi Stasiun Kerja melalui Minimisasi Bottleneck dengan Pendekatan Theory Of Constraint

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada salah satu perusahaan penghasil RSS (Ribbed Smoke Sheet) dan CR (Crumb Rubber) setengah jadi. Proses produksi dilakukan berdasarkan make to order. Hasil pengamatan di lantai produksi menunjukkan banyaknya penumpukan di stasiun pengasapan dan sortasi. Penumpukan tersebut disebabkan karena adanya perbedaan kapasitas antara stasiun pengasapan dan sortasi dengan stasiun sebelumnya, sehingga menjadi masalah yang harus diselesaikan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode Theory Of Constraint (TOC) untuk mengoptimalkan stasiun kerja bottleneck. Hasil perhitungan kapasitas dengan metode RCCP diperoleh kapasitas yang dibutuhkan dan kemudian membandingkannya dengan kapasitas yang tersedia sehingga diketahui stasiun kerja yang mengalami bottleneck adalah stasiun pengasapan dan sortasi. Pengolahan data dengan metode TOC dilakukan dengan beberapa langkah yaitu identifikasi kendala yang dilakukan pada hasil perhitungan RCCP. Kemudian melakukan eksploitasi kendala untuk mencari solusi-solusi yang mungkin dilakukan. Setelah itu melakukan subordinasi sumber daya yaitu dengan mencari alternatif penyelesaian yang layak ditempuh. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan stasiun sortasi melakukan penambahan jam kerja selama 2 jam pada bulan Januari, Juli, Agustus, September, Oktober, November, Desember. Sedangkan untuk stasiun pengasapan dilakukan perluasan area kamar pengasapan.

IDENTIFIKASI RESOURCES CONSTRAINT PADA KINERJA PELAYANAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN THEORY OF CONSTRAINT DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RSU HAJI SURABAYA

The trend of Gross Death Rate (GDR) Surabaya Hajj Hospital had tended to increase from 2012 to 2015.However, it eventually decreased in 2016. This research aims to analyze the constraints in the service performance at the inpatient unit of Surabaya Hajj Hospital. The researchutilizedthe theory of constraint to minimize the constraints and to prevent the trend of increased GDR over the years. The research employed observational descriptive and cross-sectional design. The primary data were directly collected from the nurses as respondents through questionnaires. The results of the research indicated that the resource constraints were the workload, lack of facilities, lack of medical and non-medical equipment, and lack of nurse workforce. In conclusion, with all the foregoing constraints, such as the workload, lack of facilities, medical, and non-medical equipment, and lack of nurse's workforce, do not directly affect the service performance of the nurses.Accordingly, improvement efforts are recommended for the existing obstacles.