Hubungan antara gaya kepemimpinan melayani dan kreativitas karyawan: Peran budaya inovatif sebagai mediator

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi peran budaya inovatif sebagai mediator pada hubungan antara kepemimpinan melayani dan kreativitas karyawan. Penelitian dilakukan secara cross-sectional melalui survei daring pada karyawan perusahaan BUMN dari berbagai sektor yang sedang bekerja dari rumah (N= 164). Variabel pada penelitian ini diukur dengan menggunakan Servant Leadership Scale, Organizational Culture Scale, dan Employee Creativity Scale. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan model mediasi dari Hayes pada SPSS PROCESS Macro. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kepemimpinan melayani berpengaruh positif terhadap budaya inovatif dan kreativitas karyawan. Budaya inovatif terbukti memediasi hubungan antara kepemimpinan melayani dan kreativitas karyawan. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya memperhatikan faktor kontekstual dalam meningkatkan kreativitas karyawan.

The nonprofit board servant leader : a quantitative analysis of servant leadership behavior in nonprofit board presidents from the perception of nonprofit chief staff officers using Liden's global servant leadership scale

The purpose of this quantitative research study was to fill the gap in the current body of research regarding the leadership behavior characteristics, specifically servant leadership traits, exhibited by volunteer nonprofit board of director presidents. Using Liden's (2008, 2015) Global Servant Leadership Scale, a survey instrument was developed and administered to chief staff officers of nonprofit organizations, asking respondents to reflect on the behavior traits of their nonprofit's board president. Data from the study participants (n [equals] 133) were analyzed to determine a) if servant leadership behavior is exhibited in nonprofit board presidents and to what extent; b) if differences exist in the servant leadership traits of 501(c)3 nonprofit board presidents and the presidents of other types of 501(c) nonprofit organizations; and, c) if a difference exists between servant leadership behavior in board presidents and the nonprofit organization characteristics of organization focus, annual budget size, and geographic scope of the organization's mission, and demographic characteristics of nonprofit board presidents including age, tenure, length of volunteer involvement, and gender identity. The study addresses gaps in the current literature by advancing empirical research using a reliable and valid instrument to assess servant leadership and the use of empirical research in the nonprofit sector to study the leadership behavior of nonprofit board presidents. The findings of the study suggest that nonprofit board presidents do exhibit servant leadership behavior, as defined by Liden's seven dimensions (emotional healing, creating community value, conceptual skills, empowering, helping others grow and succeed, putting others first, and behaving ethically). On average nonprofit board presidents score highest in exhibiting behaving ethically and empowering. The sample studied scored lowest on average in putting others first and helping others grow and succeed. The study findings found significant difference in the behavior dimensions of creating community value, putting others first, and behaving ethically between nonprofit board presidents of city/locally focused nonprofits and those with a inter/national geographic service scope. Additionally, significant difference was found in leadership behavior of the dimension conceptual skills between nonprofit board presidents age 40 to 55 and those age 56 to 75 years old.

Development and Validation of a Spanish Short Servant Leadership Survey (SSLS6-3F) among Spanish Workers in Religious Non-Profit Organizations

Religious non-profit organizations are becoming increasingly important in the third sector in a wide range of countries, where they are currently leading players in different areas, such as education, healthcare, and social work. These organizations have the peculiarity of providing a service to their users while transmitting them the values of their mission statement. An usually employed and effective management strategy for these institutions is a servant leadership style. This article seeks to introduce a theoretical discussion of this leadership approach by providing a Spanish version of an instrument for measuring servant leadership in Spanish religious non-profit institutions. To this end, workers of different Spanish faith-based non-profit organizations of the third sector, a relatively unexplored context, were analyzed after obtaining 463 valid questionnaires. This study used the Spanish translation of a seven-item and three-factor servant leadership scale. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed. The results confirm that the six-item and three-factor servant leadership scale was the most effective scale to measure this construct. In conclusion, this research covers a notable research gap by providing a reliable and valid Spanish short version of the servant leadership scale for workers of Spanish religious non-profit organizations.

A Measurement of Construct Validity and Reliability of Servant Leadership

The purpose of this study is to test the construct validity and reliability on the scale of servant leadership and aspects and indicators that can form this variable. Servant leadership is measured by five aspects, namely humility, love, vision, empowerment and trust. The population in this study are all Early Childhood Education teachers in Jetis District, Bantul Regency, with a sample of 60 people. The sampling technique used in this study is cluster random sampling. The data collection method is servant leadership scale. Research data are analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through the SmartPLS 3.2.8 program. Based on the results of data analysis, the aspects and indicators that made up the servant leadership variable were declared valid and reliable. The most dominant aspect that reflects servant leadership was trust with a loading factor value of 0.779 and the weakest aspect that reflects this variable was humility with a loading factor value of 0.568. It shows that all aspects and indicators are able to reflect and shape servant leadership variable. Thus, the measurement model can be accepted because the theory presented by the servant leadership variable is in accordance with the empirical data obtained from the subject.

Servant leadership

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate an instrument intended to measure servant leadership behavior in the Chinese hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach After reviewing the literature, a scale of nine dimensions with 81 items was generated and then subjected to exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using a sample of 600 participants from a polytechnic college and hospitality industry, resulting in 6-factor-33-item solution. The derived measure was then shortened to 24 items by using item response theory (IRT). Drawing on the data from 440 respondents in the hospitality industry, this 6-factor-24 item measure was subsequently validated with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the test of construct validity. Findings Difference in factors has been found between this instrument and western-developed scales. This study resulted in 6-dimension-24-items scale. These dimensions were named integrity, self-sacrifice, building community, empowering people, emotional healing and visioning. This servant leadership scale was demonstrated to have good internal consistency reliability and strong construct validity. Originality/value This is the first study that used IRT as a statistic tool to shorten a servant leadership scale and also this study provided additional support to cultural psychology theory.

Ethical Leadership: Meaning and Measurement. Latvian Retail Traders’ Perspective

In the contemporary situation of ever-growing market internationalisation, local and global competition different company leadership aspects, especially ethical leadership, gain a special importance. It is possible to say that in theoretical literature, there is more or less consensual agreement upon the meaning of ethical leadership still regarding the evaluation models there are many models. Therefore, the main challenge is to determine the case sensitive model(s) for the industry or the type of business organisation. The goal of the article is to delineate theoretically and to test empirically amongst Latvian retail traders one of the models of evaluation (the one of the Executive Servant Leadership Scale, ESLS). The research questions are (1) What is the ranking of the ESLS first-order factors? and (2) What are the possible problem areas in the ethical leadership as seen by the Latvian retail traders? The authors of the present paper aspire to identify the problem areas out the future lines of investigation. The current research uses the following research methods: the monographic (the literature study related to the concept of ethical leadership and its evaluations models); expert interviews to narrow down the items to be tested; and the survey with the following factor analysis.