Investigating commercial and convenience services installed in intermodal passenger terminals located in mid-sized European cities

The concept of intermodality has gained key importance in the sustainable mobility strategy of the European Union. In the past two decades, different types of intermodal passenger terminals (IPTs) have been built in many European cities. These facilities provide possibility for passengers to change transportation mode or route in a short time and connect long-distance transportation services with public transportation modes under one roof. IPTs, however, are more than just hubs in the transportation network, but, due to their size and special location in the city, they are landmarks of cities. In addition, IPTs host not only transportation services but also different types of commercial and convenience services used both by passengers and local people. This study focuses on classifying IPTs based on their hierarchical position in the transportation network and determining which type is the most generally located in European mid-sized cities. Then, an investigation is carried out to map those commercial and convenience services that are the most installed in such IPT types. Finally, three European IPTs located in mid-sized cities and one in a large city are analysed to reveal the similarities and differences in the commercial and convenience services they host. This study found that such commercial and convenience services are most suitable for installation in IPTs that are related to transportation services, do not require a substantial amount of space, and do not block or obstruct the movement of people. Furthermore, as a component of the comprehensive planning documentation, a preliminary commercial feasibility study should be produced for each IPT.

Three airports

The airport terminals in Perm, Saratov and Kemerovo created by Asadov Architectural bureau are presented. General concepts of complexes, architectural and interior solutions for passenger terminals, as well as elaboration of design codes of administrative and technical buildings are given. Particular attention is paid to passenger comfort and safety.

Kajian Antisipasi Pelayanan Kapal dan Barang di Pelabuhan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid–19

Penerapan protokol kesehatan di segala aktivitas merupakan syarat mutlak saat menghadapi kondisi baru masa pandemi Covid-19. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan rekomendasi penanganan pelayanan penumpang dan barang di pelabuhan selama pandemi dalam rangka menekan penularan Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan analisis deskriptif menggunakan survey online. Variabel yang diamati adalah pelayanan kapal penumpang dan kapal barang secara umum, pelayanan kapal penumpang dan terminal penumpang, pelayanan kapal barang, terminal konvensional dan petikemas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan wilayah pulau di Indonesia maupun berdasarkan institusi, secara umum pelayanan kapal dan barang dianggap cukup baik, dengan kisaran nilai rata-rata di atas 90%. Sementara itu, dari sisi pelayanan kapal dengan kisaran nilai rata-rata di atas 80%, dari sisi pelayanan barang dengan kisaran nilai rata-rata di atas 65% hingga 80%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih belum terpadunya tingkat pemahaman, pengetahuan, pematuhan, kemanfaatan terhadap aturan regulasi terkait PSBB serta kurangnya koordinasi yang erat dengan pihak Satuan Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan COVID-19. Perlunya peningkatan pemahaman, pengetahuan, pematuhan, dan terimplementasinya aturan regulasi terkait PSBB serta peningkatan koordinasi yang intens dengan pihak Gugus Tugas dan peningkatan pemahaman, pengetahuan, dan sosialisasi secara terus menerus terhadap implementasi terkait protokol kesehatan yang telah diterbitkan serta penambahan protokol teknis di pelabuhan dan di dalam kapal.Anticipating Review of Ship and Goods Services at The Port During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Implementation of health protocol in all activities is an absolute requirement when we faced with new condition in Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to provide recommendations for handling service of passengers and goods at the port during the Covid-19 pandemic in order to suppress the transmission of Covid-19. A descriptive analysis method with online surveys used for this research.. Variables observed was the service of passenger ships and general cargo, passenger ship services and passenger terminals as well as services of freighters, conventional terminals and containers. The results of analysis and discussion showed that based on archipelago territorial within Indonesia and based on institutions, in general ship and cargo services are considered quite good, with an average value above 80%, meanwhile, in terms of ship service with an average value above 80% and in terms of goods service with an average value above 65% to 80%. The results concluded that the research showed that there is still no integrated level of understanding, knowledge, compliance, benefits to regulatory rules related to PSBB as well as a lack of intense coordination with the Task Force for The Acceleration for COVID-19 Handling. The need to increase understanding, knowledge, compliance, and implementation of regulatory rules related to PSBB as well as increased intense coordination with the Task Force and continuous improvement of understanding, knowledge, and socialization of health protocols that have been published and publish technical protocol at port and on board.

The role and position of Airport City in the Supply Chain

In the past, it was enough for the airport to have a runway and a modest terminal. The development of air traffic has also increased customer requirements (passengers, airlines, etc.), which has affected the need for airport infrastructure development. Throughout the world, passenger terminals have been built, many of which, according to architectural solutions, represent works of art. The design and functionality are tailored in such a way as to enable longer stay and meet the requirements of passengers and other users. Content and concept offer solutions that airport operators provide for additional revenue. One part of the content and service is offered in passenger terminal buildings, while the other part is provided outside them, whether in or outside the airport. Part of this content is offered by Airport City (AC). AC phenomenon represents the integration of infrastructure, superstructures, information and operations. It represents a part of the Supply Chain (SC) and usually includes facilities such as: passenger terminals, runways and other airport activities such as: ground handling, logistics, office space, shops, hotels, etc. In this paper, authors use a method of systems theory, a modeling method and a comparative method as a general and some specific scientific methods of cognition, to researching the problem to which different AC models and their structure can contribute to the optimal SC flow as its essential part and bring the results of the AC phenomenon as a part of the SC.

Prevention of End-of-Track Collisions in Passenger Terminals via Positive Train Control: Benefit-Cost Analysis and Operational Impact Assessment

End-of-track collisions at passenger terminals have raised safety concerns because of their potentially severe consequences such as infrastructure and rolling stock damage, service disruption, and even casualties. As introduced in the previous study sponsored by the U.S. Federal Railroad Administration, the implementation of Positive Train Control (PTC) systems at passenger terminal stations could potentially prevent end-of-track collisions. As the second phase of that project, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed concept of operation via quantitatively identifying the safety benefits, incremental costs, and operational impacts associated with PTC enforcement on terminating tracks. The benefit-cost analysis indicates that the safety benefits may exceed the incremental costs over a 20-year period under specified circumstances and assumptions. In addition, the preliminary results disclose that the operational impact in PTC enforcement should be negligible, except for the rare occurrence of wayside interface unit (WIU) failure or radio failure in the Interoperable Electronic Train Management System (I-ETMS)-type PTC system that would result in a stop well short of the targeted point and potentially delay both onboard passengers and inbound/outbound trains. Both benefit-cost analysis and operational impact assessment methodologies are implemented in a decision tool that can be customized for different terminals with heterogeneous infrastructure and operational characteristics and be adapted to other transportation modes.

Review of research methods for evaluating passenger level of service at airports

The passenger level of service is a qualitative measure used to relate the quality of passenger services provided by the airport. The level of service can be perceived in correlation with both quantified and unquantified service characteristics. The global IATA Level of Service (LoS) standards are based on the maximum queuing time and space required per passenger for various terminal sub-systems. The provided level of service by the airport influences passenger experience and therefore is an important factor of airport attractiveness for airlines. The level of service is correlated with terminal facilities size so it is necessary to take it into account when designing new airports. Decrease of the LoS below acceptable standard is a trigger for operational and physical improvements of existing processes. Moreover defining the target level of service is necessary to determine terminal capacity and set coordination parameters. This paper discusses the importance of level of service at airport passenger terminals and presents methods for LoS assessment. Advantages and disadvantages were identified of each level of service research: manual observation, automatic detection, calculation and simulation. The paper includes recommendations for evaluating level of service during airport planning and operations phase.